巻号一覧
後続誌
前身誌
95 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
有馬 敏夫, 上村 卓也, 鳥谷 龍三1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 157-163
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーA quick-freeze, freeze-substitution method was applied to the guinea pig organ of Corti. Many similarities were apparent between the conventionally fixed samples and the freeze-substitut-ed samples, including the lateral membrane system of the cochlear outer hair cells consisting of the lateral plasma membrane, pillars, cytoskeletal lattice and subsurface cysternae. However, some ultrastructural differences were found in the cells prepared by the freeze-substitution method. Electron-dense mosaic structures were found in the lumen of the tubules of the subsurface cyster-nae. Tangential sections of the tubules of the subsurface cysternae showed spirally wound parallel rows of electron-dense materials. In a rectangularly cut membrane with a trilaminar structure, the electron-dense materials appeared to be triangular protrusions from the outer leaflet of the unit membrane. These structures suggest that the subsurface cysternae may play an important role in the contraction of cochlear outer hair cells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3633K) -
視刺激を正弦波運動とした場合の検討後藤 昭信1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 164-171
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThis study was designed to investigate the effects of eye tracking stimulation on the movement of the body's center of gravity (CG) and the head in aged persons 60 years old and above. Twenty- three healthy aged subjects ranging from 60 to 79 years old and 10 healthy young subjects were asked to pursue a pendulously moving horizontal target when standing with the feet together.
The frequencies of target movement were 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5Hz. The results were as follows: 1) The body sway locus patterns increased significantly up to around 0.5 Hz of target movement. 2) The total lengths of the locus traced by CG movement and he head movement were larger than that of control subjects throughout the test runs. The aged subjects were also affected by eye tracking stimulation, and showed individual variations. 3) The ratio of the anteroposterior component to the lateral component of CG movement was higher in the elderly subjects than in the control subjects, while head movement was charac eristically different. 4) The averaged divisional frequencies were calculated in the range between 0.0195 and 1Hz. In the anteroposterior component, the averaged divisional frequencies of CG movement and head movement were significantly larger while watching the moving target than when watching a stationary target.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1073K) -
ステロイド大量投与法の効果について稲村 博雄, 戸島 均, 斎藤 修, 前山 裕之, 武田 一彦, 青柳 優, 小池 吉郎1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 172-177
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe etiology of Bell's palsy is still obscure and its treatment remains controversial. As a conservative treatment for Bell's palsy, Stennert developed a new treatment method for the purpose of improving microcirculation, and reported an extremely high cure rate of 96%, drawing a great deal of attention. However, since the electrophysiological findings and side effects in these patients were not described satisfactorily in his report, this method has not yet come into wide clinical use.
In the present study the efficacy of Stennert's method was assessed by electrophysiological examination in patients, and was compared with patients treated by conventional methods.
The subjects of this study were 157 patients with Bell's palsy who were treated with a modification of Stennert's method between September 1987 and August 1990. The treatment protocol for the modified Stennert's method was as follows: hydroxyethyl starch 40 with 20% mannitol is given instead of Dextran 40 and prednisolone is stopped depe nding on the findings of electrical examinations. Fifty-three patients with Bell's palsy treated by the conventional method used in our clinic between November 1983 and August 1987 were used for the control group. The most remarkable difference between these two methods was the initial dose of prednisolone.
In the group treated by the modified Stennert's method, 111 patients (70.7%) showed complete recovery within 1 month, and 154 patients presented (98.1%) showed complete recovery within 6 months, 3 cases presented slight sequelae. In the conventional treatment group, on the other hand, only 2 patients (3.8%) recovered within 1 month, and 43 patients (81.0%) recoverd within 6 months. The recovery rate with the modified Stennert's method was much higher than with the conventional method, and the difference was statistically significant. A comparison of the lowest value of ENoG within 2 weeks of onset revealed many cases with an ENoG value of 10% or less in the conventionally treated group (18 cases, 33.9%), b ut only 9 cases (5.7%) showed a decrease of 10% or less in the other group. These results demomstrated the efficacy of the administration of high-dose steroids.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (510K) -
極超短波間接照射法による小島未 知郎1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 178-186
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe tonsillar provocation test by indirect irradiation of ultra-microwaves was clinically evaluated for its ability to diagnose tonsillar focal infection. Body temperature, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), urinary findings, white blood cell count (WBC), changes in skin lesions and arthralgia were used as parameters as in the former tests.
The clinical usefulness of the provocation test was assessed based on a long-term progress observation on post-tonsillectomy. WBC was most changeable among the parameters, however, ESR was the most reliable parameter judging from the ratio of correct diagnosis.
According to the clinical evaluation of tonsillar provocation test by indirect irradiation of ultra- microwaves, the positive diagnostic standarization will be proposed as follows Chronic low grade fever group: increase in the body temperature by 0.3°C or over or increase of ESR by 12mm or over.
Skin disease group: increase of ESR by 9mm or over.
Kidney disease group: increase of ESR by 11mm or over.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1260K) -
沖田 渉, 市村 恵一, 田中 利善, 飯沼 壽孝1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 187-194
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーA number of studies have emphasized that the sympathetic nervous system in vascular smooth muscle plays an important role in the regulation of vascular tension. Recently, however, it has been suggested that several factors produced in endothelial cells may affect this regulatory mechanism. We have previously reported that endothelin-1 (ET), a novel potent endothelium- derived vasoconstrictor peptide, increased the contraction of nasal vascular smooth muscle which was caused by administration of noradrenaline (NA) into the bath solution.
In this report, using canine nasal mucosa, we studied for additional effects of ET upon the vasoactivity of NA, and that of neuropeptide Y (NPY), which coexists with NA in the sympathetic nerve terminal. The results are as follows:
1) Pretreatment with α-adrenoceptor antagonists did not affect the vasoconstriction induced by ET.
2) With simultaneous administration of 10-5M NA and 10-9ET, the contraction peak was maintained for at least 2.5 hours.
3) Pretreatment with 10-10M ET did not affect the contraction induced by 2.7×10-7M NPY.
4) Pretreatment with 2.7×10-8M NPY did not affect the contraction induced by 10-9M ET.
These results suggest that ET may enhance and prolong the vasocontractile response mediated by α-adrenoceptors, but may not affect the response to NPY.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (493K) -
第1報:正常聴力者における検討吉田 雅文, 相良 哲哉, 長野 美貴, 是永 克実, 牧嶋 和見1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 195-200
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe discrimination of mono-syllable words (67S word-list) pronounced by a male and a female speaker was investigated in noise in 39 normal hearing subjects. The subjects listened to the test words at a constant level of 62 dB together with white or weighted noise in four S/N conditions. By processing the data with logit transformation, S/N-discrimination curves were presumed for each combination of a speech material and a noise. Regardless of the type of noise, the discrimination scores for the female voice started to decrease gradually at a S/N ratio of +10dB, and reached 10 to 20% at-10dB. For the male voice in white noise, the discrimination curve was similar to those for the female voice. On the contrary, the discrimination score for the male voice in weighted noise declined rapidly from a S/N ratio of +5dB, and went below 10% at -5dB. The discrimination curves seem to be shaped by the interrelations between the spectrum of the speech material and that of the noise.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (421K) -
家根 旦有, 田中 治, 宮原 裕, 松永 喬, 北堀 吉映, 中岡 伸悟, 日浅 義雄, 西岡 博人, 杉村 正仁1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 201-206
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーEffects of hormones (E2: estradiol, TP: testosterone) and propylthiouracil (PTU) on the growth of transplantable rat thyroid tumor (F2D1) having estrogen receptors were studied.
Rat thyroid neoplasms, induced by N-bis (2-hydroxypropyl) nitrosamine, were inoculated subcutaneously from donor to recipient rats, in order to estalish 16 transplantable rat thyroid tumor lines. The grafts were used for histological studies and for the assay of estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR). Of these lines, we designated papillary carcinoma, which was positive for ER (N: 12.5fmol/mg protein, Kd: 0.4nM) but negative for AR, as F2D1.
For studies on the effects of sex hormones and PTU on the growth of transplantable tumors, the rats which had been inoculated with tumors were divided into the following 8 groups; (1) Intact, (2) PTU, (3) ovariectomy (OV), and (4) OV+E2 for female, and (5) Intact, (6) PTU, (7) castration (CA), and (8) CA+TP for male.
Results: The growth rate of F2D1 in female rats was decreased by OV, but no change was observed in OV+E2 as compared with Intact. CA and CA+TP in male rats did not influence the growth rate. PTU produced a signigicant increase in the growth rate in both sexes. These results demonstrate that estrogen and PTU act on the growth of ER-positive rat thyroid tumors.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1031K) -
佃 守, 久保田 彰, 新井 泰弘, 金子 まどか, 古川 滋, 澤木 修二1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 207-213
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーA cell line was established from a patient with malignant fibrous histiocytoma, which had originated in the maxillary sinus. Using this cell line, sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents and cytotoxicity against various immunoeffecter cells were tested.
Results: This MFH cell line was sensitive in some degree to adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, peplomycin, and methotrexate at high doses, but insensitive to mitomycin-C, vincristine and cyclophosphamide.
Furthermore, this cell line showed no sensitivity to cytolytic cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ.
Lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells and lymphokine activated tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (LA-TIL), induced by culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes and TIL respectively with rIL-2 showed high NK and LK activities and remarkable anti-autologons tumor ability.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1689K) -
池田 利昭, 飯沼 壽孝1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 214-223
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーHigh-resolution CT images in axial sections obtained from various otologic lesions were used for morphological studies of the sphenoid sinus. 412 subjects, 224 males and 188 females with an average age of 47.5 years, were included in the study. None of the subjects showed any evidence of sinus lesions. By classifying them into four types, the incidences were: conchal type, 1.2%, and postsellar type, 58.2%, respectively. Of surgically important classification of various septae, the incidences were: transverse, 10.9%, medial, 9.4%, frontal lateral, 14.1%, lateral sagittal, 41.5%, and intersinus, 95.1%, respectively. The intersinus septum, seen in 95.1%, pointed toward the carotid canal in 61.1% (right, 33.1; left, 28.0%).
In 80% of the subjects, the sphenoid sinus had extended into the bilateral lesser wings and was in contact with the optic cannal.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1193K) -
二階堂 真史1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 224-238
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThe normal structure of outer hair cell (OHC) stereocilia in the organ of Corti, as well as damage and the recovery of OHC stereocilia after acoustic overstimulation, were demonstrated using scanning electron microscopy and tannic acid-osmium staining techniques. The highest row of OHC stereocilia is known to show an orderly gradation in height along the length of the cochlea. The present study demonstrated that the middle and lower rows of stereocilia possess a similar height gradation pattern. These findings suggest that the orderly gradation of stereocilia may play an important role in the tuning capability of the organ of Corti sensory cell.
To investigate the mechanisms of recovery from ciliary acoustic damage, guinea pigs were exposed to a 4.00kHz pure tone at an intensity of 120dB for 120 minutes. All animals showed temporarily elevated hearing thresholds, which had returned to normal one week later. The first detectable change after acoustic overstimulation was a derangement of the cilia with a loss of ciliary interconnections. The tip links connecting the tips of the stereocilia to their taller neighbours were also affected showing elongation or disappearance. In comparing ciliary damage immediately after and one week after acoustic overstimulation, no signs of recovery in hair cell cilia which had been already lost, could be detected, while stereocilia with slight damage seemed to recover in the early post-sound exposure stage. Some lost tip links also seem to reappear in surviving cilia. In addition side links have the possibility of recovery.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4223K) -
遠藤 芳彦1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 239-246
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーFactors causing individual differences in evoked otoacoustic emission (e-OAE) were investigated in 223 ears of 159 persons with normal hearing. After recording e-OAE to click by using ILO88, the relation between the intensity of e-OAE and factors such as age, sex, small differences in hearing, volume of the external auditory canal, static compliance, developmental extent of the mastoid cavity and presence or absence of spontaneous otoacoustic emission (s-OAE) were studied. The volume of the external auditory canal and static compliance were estimated from a tympano-gram measured by Teledyne TA-2C and the developmental extent of the mastoid cavity was measured with a Schuller X-ray film.
A correlation was found between the intensity of e-OAE and two factors, the age and the s-OAE, but not between the intensity of e-OAE and other factors. From the fact that the percentage of s-OAE present declines with aging, the presence or abscence and the characteristics of s-OAE were considered to be a factor causing individual differences in e-OAE.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (485K) -
布施 健生, 青柳 優, 小池 吉郎, 菅井 幸雄1992 年 95 巻 2 号 p. 247-252
発行日: 1992/02/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーThis study was conducted to assess the usefulness and limitation of high-resolution CT for evaluating the condition of ossicular chain in the middle ear. Preoperative CT findings of the ossicular chain were compared with the operative findings of ossicles in 26 patients with chronic otitis media or congenital ossicular anomaly who underwent tympanoplasty.
Total defect of head of the malleus, body of the incus and long process of the incus were completely detected by high-resolution CT. But the reliability in detecting the defect of handle of the malleus and superstructure of the stapes were 33.3% and 60%, respectively. Defect of the I-S joint (1 case) and partial defect of stapes crus (2 cases) could not be diagnosed correctly in the preoperative estimation.
Although these findings demonstrate the limitations of high-resolution CT in the diagnosis of ossicular chain, it will be diminished by the advanced space resolution of CT in the future.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2280K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|