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97 巻, 3 号
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他覚的評価法の試み磯野 道夫, 村田 清高, 田中 久哉, 箕山 学, 東 博二1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 393-400
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/12/15
ジャーナル フリーThe severity Of facial palsy is often diagnosed using a scoring system. However, there have been some problems as to the objectivity and reproducibility of evaluations by this method. To solve these problems, a variety of new. methods have been introduced. Compared to the simple scoring method, none of these methods seem to have gained wide-spread application in routine clinical practice.
The development of our diagnostic system was inspired by the idea that numerical quantitation of shifting of marks on the face might be possible by means of digital image-processing. Using this method, only marks adhering to the face are extracted, and the shifting position of these marks is quantitatively analyzed. Detailed analysis of the facial movement requires full motion video images. We found that such video images were easily obtainable by application of a Quick Time MovieTM developed by Apple computer.
Twelve healthy subjects served as normal controls. Seven patients were analysed as cases of facial palsy. The facial movements examined in this study consisted of eye-closing and whistling. A total of 20black marks were used for adherence to the face. The image processing called thresholding leaves only black marks on the face and has made it possible to trace and measure these marks on the face. The shifting positions of the marks moving in accordance with facial movement, from the stationary phase until the maximum stage, were measured and traces were plotted on the coordinate axis. The shifting of the marks adhering to the face was numerically expressed as a trajectory investigation.
We measured the areas of the polygons formed by enclosure with the marks and their changes with facial movement. The ratio of each area at the maximum stage of movement to that at the stationary phase was calculated for comparison. In the eye-closing and whistling motions, no significant differences were found between the left and right sides.
The area ratio was also compared among the patients with facial palsy. The data obtained at first examination in the 7patients showed distinct differences from those obtained in the normal subjects.
The process of facial palsy improvement was evaluated using the area ratio. The area ratio of 4 patients was measured at intervals of 7 days. As a result the process of facial palsy improvement was quantitatively analysed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (952K) -
朝比奈 紀彦1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 401-413
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーIn studying speech intelligibility in traffic noise, I was able to reproduce a sound field with considerable reality by reproducing both speech and traffic noises by the speaker method using a CD.
As a result, the following conclusions were reached.
1) The influence of noise on speech intelligibility is similar for the single syllable and adult disyllable in normal persons.
2) The influence of the kinds of noises and changes with time in the sound pressure level on the intelligibility of the single syllable does not easily manifest itself in patients with sensorineural hearing loss.
3) The speech intelligibility depends largely on the blocking effect of the mid-high frequency components of the noise in both normal persons and patients with sensorineural hearing loss. 4) The intelligibility of the second sound of the adult disyllable is good in both normal persons and patients with sensorineural hearing loss. Furthermore, normal persons can understand a significant disyllable word to some extent by means of "uncertain understanding" even when they cannot hear each vowel and consonant clearly.
5) The intelligibility of the vowel is good in both normal persons and patients with sensorineural hearing loss.
6) As for the intelligibility classified by consonant in normal persons, the intelligibility of the nasal sounds (m, n) and voiced consonants (b, d, g, r, z) becomes low in the case of the S/N ratio being poor.
7) In patients with sensorineural hearing loss, the intelligibility of the bulldozer noise was the lowest, followed by motorway noise among the noises applied. The frequency spectrum distribution of the former consisted mainly of mid-high frequencies of 1kHz or more. A serrated change with an amplitude of about 6dB, 2Hz was noted at the sound pressure level. A sine wave-like change with an amplitude of about 7dB, 1Hz was recognized at the sound pressure level of the latter. These are considered to be factors which account for a decline in intelligibility.
The present study is part of an experiment I conducted at a sound field uning TY-89.
The results of this experiment suggest that the frequency spectrum intellibibility of noise as well as time-dependent changes in the sound pressure level of the noise exert an influence on communication disruption in patients with sensorineural hearing loss.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1293K) -
篠原 尚吾, 金田 康子, 佐藤 進一, 八木 伸也1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 414-418
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーCurrent research on salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma is aimed at grouping the cases by cytogenetical aberrations into several subtypes.
In this report, 21 cases of pleomorphic adenomas were analysed cytogenetically and divided into 4 subtypes following Bullediek's method; normal karyotype (6 cases), 8q12 rearrangement (8 cases), 12q13-15 rearrangement (5 cases) and other aberrations (2 cases).
The average occurrence age of each group was examined. The 8q12 rearrangement group (37.2 y.o.) was younger than the normal karyotype (49.2 y.o.) and 12q13-15 rearrangement groups (52.4 y.o.).
Histological subtyping based on Seifert's classification was made and its relationship with the above cytogenetic subtypes was studied. In the 8q12 rearrangement group, Seifert's type-1 was predominant (88%), while in the normal karyotype and 12r13-15 rearrangement groups, Seifert's type-2 was the most common (50% and 80% respectively).
We also examined 2 cases of carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma. Although both showed some cytogenetic abnormalities, no aberrations specific to pleomorphic adenoma (8q12 or 12q13-15 rearrangement) were found. This suggests that original adenomas of these carcinomas showed a normal karyotype or other types of aberrations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (423K) -
與田 順一, 山中 昇, 斉藤 匡人, 田村 真司, 川口 隆明1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 419-429
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーTwo cell lines were established one from a primary site (OKK-TKp) and the other from a metastatic lymph node (OKK-TKm), from a maxillary squamous cell carcinoma (in the same patient).
These cell lines were characterized with regard to morphology, chromosome numbers, tumorigenicity, growth kinetics, expression of tumor markers, sensitivity to immunological effector cells and anticancer agents.
The two cell lines had the same modal chromosome number of 69, and formed tumors in nude mice. The median doubling time of OKK-TKp was 14.6hrs and that of OKK-TKm was 24.3hrs. Immunohistochemistry showed transferrin receptor (TfR), Ki-67, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in OKK-TKm, but less or none in OKK-TKp. OKK-TKm was more sensitive to lysis by lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAK) on a 4-h 51Cr release assay, but was less sensitive to anticancer agents (CDDP, CBDCA) in modified MTT assay.
We are convinced that these results are of value for understanding the mechanism of metastasis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3738K) -
上野 員義, 鶴丸 浩士, 古田 茂, 大山 勝, 藤元 登四郎1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 430-435
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) has been developed as a new application of nuclear magnetic resonance. By means of MRS, internal chemical information can be non-invasively measured. In this study, the 31P MRS of naso-sinus tumors was measured and evaluated. The peaks of 31P MRS, such as Adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), Creatine phosphate (PCr), Phosphodiester (PME), Inorganic phosphate (Pi), and Phosphomonoester (PME) can be identified. Phosphomonoesters (PME) are precursors of membrane phospholipids. Phosphodiesters (PDE) are metabolites of phospholipids. Compared with benign tumors, the 31P MRS of malignant tumors shows a higher PME peak and lower PDE and PCr peaks. These results indicate that malignant tumors are characterized by chemical changes in membrane metabolism.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1790K) -
松岡 明裕1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 436-449
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーWe previously proposed that boys are more susceptible than girls to inflammatory middle ear diseases such as Acute Otitis Media (AOM) and cholesteatoma. This study attempts to describe the concentrations of three major immunoglobulins and IgG subclass-IgG2 in healthy children and "otitis-prone" children from 2 and 7 years of age divided into one-year interval age/sex categories. Also, we attempt to analyze how many attacks of AOM had occurred in these children. The statistical analysis of the results is described as below. The main effects of otitis-proneness, gender and age on the mean values of IgG, A, M and IgG2 as well as the joint effects of these factors were analyzed by a three-factor analysis of variance. The main effect of otitis-proneness was statistically significant for IgG2. It is assumed that the low levels of IgG2 in otitis-prone children are one cause of the high frequency of AOM. The main effect of gender was also statistically significant for IgG2. If OMA and cholesteatoma in children were considered a series of inflammatory middle ear diseases, this boy-dominant tendency could be associated with an insufficient IgG2 antibody production in boys. These children may represent extreme cases of delayed maturation of IgG2. We plan to observe our subjects over an extended period of time.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1256K) -
辺土 名仁, 大久 保仁, 堤 剛, 田中 英和, 小松 崎篤1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 450-456
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーPneumatization of the petrous apex was investigated in 226 subjects without middle ear disease by means of target imaging CT.
The degree of pneumatization of all subjects was 32.7%(148/452 ears), but no difference in degree was revealed with distinction of bilateral ears or between sexes. In 148 ears with pneumatization of the petrous apex, a higher degree of pneumatization was found in larger mastoid cavities, suggesting that pneumatization of the petrous apex correlates with pnuematized air cells in other parts of the temporal bone. Pneumatization of all parts of the petrous apex was found in about 40%(58/148 ears), and of some parts in about 60%(90/148 ears). In the latter cases, pneumatized air cells were more often found in the lower portions of the CT slices than in the higher ones.
These results indicate that pneumatization of the petrous apex must be taken into consideration in studies measuring the gas composition and volume of the middle ear.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1032K) -
とくに前庭機能について一條 宏明, 藤田 繁俊, 斉藤 晋一, 新川 秀一1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 457-465
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーTo investigate vestibular function in patients with bilateral progressive sensorineural hearing loss (BPSHL), we examined 5 cases using electronystagmography. Cases 1, 2 and 3 were adult type, cases 4 and 5 were juvenile type. All patients had dizzy spells in the early stage of the disease, and showed spontaneous nystagmus. Bilateral reduction of caloric response and very low VOR (vestibulo-ocular reflex) gain on rotation testing were observed in cases 1, 2 and 3. Case 4 showed right canal paresis on the caloric test and left directional preponderance on the rotation test. Case 5 showed good responses to both tests. Optokinetic afternystagmus (OKAN) in cases 2, 3 and 5 was not brisk, and cases 1 and 4 showed directional preponderance of OKAN. Although OKAN is useful for detecting directional preponderance, it does not always reflect peripheral vestibular function. We suggest the existence of two types of BPSHL which correlate with vestibular function. One type is associated with high grade vestibular dysfunction while, in the other, vestibular function is fair.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (576K) -
山岸 益夫, 石塚 洋一1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 466-472
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーAbnormal tau protein expression was immunohistochemically examined in biopsied human olfactory mucosa. The olfactory mucosa of 25 patients with olfactory disturbances, whose structures were relatively preserved, was immunostained with a polyclonal antibody derived from neurofibrillary tangles from the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Abnormal tau protein-immunoreactivity was found in the olfactory vesicles, dendrites and perikarya of the olfactory receptor cells in the epithelium and olfactory nerve bundles in the lamina propria. This immunoreactivity in the olfactory nerve bundles was observed in patients in their teens to 80's, and the immunoreactivity of the olfactory vesicles and dendrites of the olfactory receptor cells was widely distributed in patients in their 30's to 70's. On the other hand, the immunoreactivity of the perikarya of the olfactory receptor cells was observed only in patients in their 50's and 60's. These results indicate that abnormal tau protein accumulation of perikarya is a pathological change and is related to aging of the olfactory neurons.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2110K) -
平尾 元康, 原渕 保明1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 473-484
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーEpstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific cellular cytotoxic activities of tonsillar lymphocytes (TL) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) obtained from the 26 same donors were investigated. The minimum cell concentration of TL required for regression of EBV-transformation, 3.1±2.1× 104/ml, was significantly lower (p<.01) than that of PBL, 4.3±2.6×104/ml, indicating that the EBV-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity of TL was significantly higher than that of PBL. The cytotoxic activity against an autologous EBV-positive B-lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) of the tonsillar T-lymphocytes, 10.8±3.7%, was significantly higher than that of the peripheral blood T-lymphocytes, 5.9±1.6%, after co-cultivation with an autologous-LCL (p<.05). The EBV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) lines, which contained>95% CD8-positive cells, established from TL, had significantly higher cytotoxic activities against autologous-LCL (73.1± 16.5%) than did the CTL lines established from PBL (59.0±16.4%, p<.01). The number of tonsillar T-lymphocytes which showed regression against in vitro EBV-transformation was significantly higher in patients with tonsillar focal infection, 2276±901 cells/well, than in patients with simple tonsillar hypertrophy, 991±350cells/well, (p<.05), suggesting that the regression activity of tonsillar T-lymphocytes was significantly lower in patients with tonsillar focal infection than in patients with simple tonsillar hypertrophy. These data show that TL have higher EBV-specific cytotoxicities than PBL, suggesting that the tonsils may play an important role in defense against EBV.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1027K) -
亜鉛欠乏と唾液腺分泌機能との関連性について田中 正美1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 485-493
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/03/19
ジャーナル フリーNot a few patients with taste disorders complain of xerostomia as another subjective symptom. When zinc is subscribed, the xerostomia is often reduced in conjunction with the taste disorders. In this study, therefore, a trial was made to detect xerostomia objectively by determining the function of salivary glandular secretion, and then the relationship between zinc deficiency and the xerostomia was examined.
Ninety three patients who complained of hypogeusia and/or xerostomia, 27 males and 66 females ranging from 39 to 87 years of age, were subjected to dynamic salivary scintigraphy using 99mTc-pertechnetate. Control data were obtained from 60 patients with unilateral acute peripheral facial palsy.
The conclusions obtained were as follows:
1. The normal range of the salivary glandular secretory ratio (S.G.S.R.) was determined from the dynamic salivary scintigraphy using 99mTc-pertechnetate.
2. The xerostomia appeared to be detectable by the above method.
3. Dysfunctional salivary glandular secretion seemed to be associated with abnormal morphology of the papillae of the tongue.
4. No significant relation was found between the severity of taste disorders and the values of S.G.S.R..
5. In terms of the mean value, low values of S.G.S.R. were observed to coincide with zinc deficiency.
6. From the results of zinc treatment, we demonstrated correlations between taste disorders and xerostomia, both of which are among the symptoms of zinc deficiency.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1540K) -
平岡 郁子1994 年 97 巻 3 号 p. 494-500
発行日: 1994/03/20
公開日: 2008/07/08
ジャーナル フリーSpatial distributions of the vestibular nerve fibers from end organs to the vestibular ganglion (VG) were studied using physiological and anatomical methods. Physiologically, ampullary nerve compound action potentials (AP) were recorded from VG. Anatomically, HRP (horseradish peroxidase) was injected into the cut end of the ampullary nerve, and the stained neural elements were counted on serial sections.
Nerve fibers from the anterior semicircular canal (SC) were distributed in the anterior half of the VG. The horizontal SC nerves were also distributed in the anterior half of the VG, but tended to be posterior. The posterior SC nerves were found predominantly in the posterior half and the antero-dorsal portions of the VG. These distribution patterns corresponded well to those confirmed by recording of AP.
Furthermore, neural connections were found between the superior and the inferior vestibular nerves. suggesting receptor-receptor fibers. The majority of these fibers were small in diameter.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4632K)
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