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Volume 99, Issue 2
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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HISAAKI TAKAHASHI, SHIN-ETSU KAMATA, KAZUYOSHI KAWABATA, MUNENAGA NAKA ...1996 Volume 99 Issue 2 Pages 267-276,347
Published: February 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 36 patients with nasopharyngeal cancer underwent radiotherapy followed by CDDPbased adjuvant chemotherapy during the period from 1983 to 1991. The survival rate in the cases treated with radiotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy was better than in 53 cases treated with radiotherapy alone. Distant metastasis was noted in only 8 (22%) of the former cases as opposed to 21 (40%) of the latter. In particular, multiple metastasis to both sides of the neck was found in 12 (63%) of 19 cases treated with radiotherapy alone, but in only 1 of the 10 cases treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. The interval until the detection of metastasis was also longer in the latter group. The above results suggest that adjuvant chemotherapy suppresses distant metastasis and contributes to the improvement of the clinical outcome in nasopharyngeal cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (939K) -
NORIAKI TAKEDA, IZUMI KOIZUKA, KATSUMI DOI, ARATA HORII, MARIKO NIBU, ...1996 Volume 99 Issue 2 Pages 277-285,347
Published: February 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo cases of bilateral Lermoyez's syndrome and one case of unilateral Lermoyez's syndrome are reported. The patients had recurrent episodes of vertigo with improvement of hearing or tinnitus, which is characteristic of Lermoyez's syndrome. In case 1, a 48-year-old female, dehydration with glycerol or furosemide induced nystagmus and improved bilateral hearing and the gain of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, while overhydration with drinking water impaired bilateral hearing with disappearance of nystagmus. These findings indicate that she had endolymphatic hydrops in both ears, suggesting that simultaneous changes in bilateral cochlear and vestibular function induce Lermoyez's syndrome. In case 3, a 52-year-old female, which we already reported, endolymphatic collapse in both ears may have changed bilateral inner ear function, resulting in Lermoyez's syndrome. On the other hand, patients 2, a 47-year-old male, experienced a vertigo attack with improvement of unilateral hearing after defibrinogenation therapy. In this case, slowly developing insufficiency of the inner ear blood supply may have caused the gradual hearing loss. It seemed that decreasing blood viscosity by defibrinogenation allowed blood to rush into the labyrinth, causing vertigo but at the same time improving hearing. We proposed that there are two types of Lermoyez's syndrome, bilateral (cases 1 and 3) and unilateral (case 2).View full abstractDownload PDF (955K) -
PREOPERATIVE AUTOLOGOUS BLOOD DONATION IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE HEAD AND NECK REGIONKAZUAKI OGAWA, MASAHIKO EGAWA, JHOJI HIROTA, EIICHIRO TOKUSHIGE, MASAT ...1996 Volume 99 Issue 2 Pages 286-291,347
Published: February 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwelve instances of preoperative autologous blood donation were assessed in 10 patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck region. All patients received preoperative radiation therapy and chemotherapy and most of the cases were also given recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) and iron sulfate.
Hemoglobin concentrations immediately before starting the 800ml blood donations were higher than 13g/dl in 5 cases and less than 13g/dl in 6 cases. The mean hemoglobin concentration just prior to donation and one week after donation in these two groups changed from 14.4g/dl to 12.5g/dl and 11.7g/dl to 11.7g/dl, respectively. A 1000ml blood donation was carried out in only one patient, and the hemoglobin concentrations just before donation and one week after donation were 11.4g/dl and 10.5g/dl, respectively. Only half of the blood volume scheduled, 400ml, was achieved in 3 of the 12 cases attempted because of fever, diarrhea and a change of the day of surgery, respectively. The mean estimated blood loss in the 10 patients that underwent surgery as planned was 898ml, and allogenic blood transfusion was avoided in all cases.
We concluded that 800-1000ml preoperative autologous blood donation can be performed safely in patientes with advanced malignant tumors of the head and neck region who have undergone preoperative radiation therapy and chemotherapy by giving EPO and iron sulfate.View full abstractDownload PDF (679K) -
NOBUHISA TERADA, NANAKO HAMANO, KIYOSHI HIRUMA, AKIYOSHI KONNO, KOHJI ...1996 Volume 99 Issue 2 Pages 292-298,347
Published: February 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecent studies have revealed that eosinophils and eosinophil- derived mediators strongly contribute to the onset of nasal swelling and nasal hyperreactivity. The effect of histamine on the adhesion of endothelial cells to 35S-labeled eosinophils and on eosinophil transendothelial migration was investigated. Human microvascular endothelial cells were isolated and cultured from the mucosa of the inferior turbinates of patients with nasal allergy.
Histamine caused dose- related enhancement of adhesiveness to eosinophils. Incubation of endothelial cells treated with 10-5M and 10-4M histamine increased adhesion to eosinophils by a mean of 56.4% (p<0.05) and 66.0% (p<0.05), respectively. When eosinophils were incubated with histamine, they did not induce any increase in adhesion to endothelial cells. Preincubation of endothelial cells with anti-ELAM-1 significantly inhibited histamine- induced adhesion, whereas anti-ICAM-1 and anti-VCAM-1 had no inhibitory effect. Histamine did not increase eosinophil transendothelial migration.
Histamine is known to be vasoactive, mediating vasodilation and plasma extravasation. In addition, the results of this study raise the possibility that histamine promotes eosinophil adhesion to endothelial cells by increasing ELAM-1 molecules on endothelial cells and promotes nasal inflammatory and allergic reactions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1356K) -
RYO KAWATA, TAKASHI SHINOMIYA, NORIO YASUDA, HIROSHI TAKENAKA, YASUSHI ...1996 Volume 99 Issue 2 Pages 299-305,349
Published: February 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTumor cells degrade extracellular matrix components (ECM) to invade surrounding tissues. Cancer cells are known to produce various ECM- degrading enzymes including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), serine proteinases and cathepsins. Type IV collagen is one of the major components of the basement membrane, and it composes the structural scaffold of these specialized sheets of the ECM. The enzymatic degradation of type IV collagen is initiated by MMPs, in particular MMP-2 (a 72 kDa type IV collagenase) and MMP-9 (a 92 kDa type IV collagenase) which play a key role in cancer invasion and metastasis. In this study, we investigated MMP-2 concentrations and the activity of type IV collagenase in cancer tissue homogenate in 21 cases with head and neck carcinomas and 6 cases with normal mucosa. MMP-2 concentrations did not differ between normal mucosa and tumor tissue without lymphnode metastases. Type IV collagenase activity in normal mucosa was below the detection limit. MMP-2 concentrations had no relation to tumor size, however MMP-2 concentrations in tumor tissue with lymphnode metastases were higher than that in cases without lymphnode metastasis (35.8±20.5, 20.0±9.7ng/mg protein, respectively). However, there was no correlation between MMP-2 concentrations and type IV activity in tumor tissues. These results suggest that MMP-2 plays an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis, so MMP-2 could be a useful biological tumor marker for metastasis and prognosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (638K) -
HIROAKI ICHIJO, JIRO AKITA, KENJI ISHII, YASUHARU MIYAKOSHI, TAKESHI T ...1996 Volume 99 Issue 2 Pages 306-313,349
Published: February 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA follow-up study of 26 patients with vestibular neuronitis is reported. The disease is characterized by an acute attack of severe vertigo with complete loss of unilateral caloric response. The following results were obtained:
1) The average period of spontaneous nystagmus was 136 days and the standard error was 39 days.
2) No correlation could be found between age and the period of spontaneous nystagmus.
3) Six patients showed direction reversal in their spontaneous nystagmus (recovery nystagmus), and their outcome was good.
4) On the most recent caloric test, 42% of the patients had bilateral normal responses, 27% displayed partial improvement on the affected side, and no reaction was observed in 31% of patients.
We suggest that three types of clinical courses may occur in vestibular neuronitis: i) complete recovery of the function of the affected vestibular nerve, ii) partial recovery of vestibular function, and iii) no recovery of the affected vestibular nerve, but central nervous system compensates for the vestibular imbalance.View full abstractDownload PDF (1087K) -
KENGO YAMAGUCHI, SATOSHI KITAHARA, MICHIYA SATOH, YOKO HANYU, TETSUZO ...1996 Volume 99 Issue 2 Pages 314-319,349
Published: February 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs of 1995, organ transplantation from cadaver donors is under debate in the Japanese Diet. Depending on what the Diet decides, more organ transplantations may be performed. Since cases of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) may increase, the need to perform surgical operations in post-OLT patients may arise. The purpose of this report is to enlighten Japanese otorhinolaryngologists on the post-transplant state. An 8-year-old boy who underwent OLT in Australia 7 years previously underwent successful tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy and insertion of ventilation tubes into both ears under general anesthesia (GA) to treat habitual angina, hypertrophy of the nasopharyngeal and palatine tonsils. and secretory otitis media.
The optimal circumstances for operation require adequate but not excessive immunosuppression and a well-functioning graft.
Vascular complications (VCs) such as hepatic artery thrombosis become rare after a few years post-OLT. However, once VCs occur the mortality rate of OLT patients is high, and excessive perioperative changes in circulation must be avoided.
Immunosuppressive agents should be continued throughout the perioperative period and perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis should be employed, just as in non-transplant patients.
Tonsillectomy is an effective means of prophylaxis for upper respiratory infection in habitual angina patients. Infection of an OLT patient may become critical because immunosuppressive agents to prevent rejection lower immune barriers and increase the risk of infection, and dose reduction may increase the risk of rejection. Tonsillectomy may also prevent a possible lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD). Tonsillar hypertrophy in OLT patients may be due to life-threatening LPD. Thus, tonsillectomy serves both as a prophylactic and curative measure against possible complications OLT may cause later, and therefore may improve the outcome of OLT.View full abstractDownload PDF (1121K) -
ANZHOU TANG, MASAHARU URA, MASAYUKI YAMAUCHI, YUTAKA NODA1996 Volume 99 Issue 2 Pages 320-326,349
Published: February 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo determine the degree of decrease in cochlear blood flow (CoBF) which causes compound action potentials (CAPs) to disappear, a cochlear ischemic model was created by compressing the internal auditory artery in guinea pig. CoBF was measured with a laser Doppler flowmeter, and CAPs were recorded with an electrode placed on the round window membrane. The amplitude and latency of the N1 wave of CAPs changed as CoBF decreased. When CoBF diminished to as much as 70% below the original level, N1 disappeared. In this study, we also observed the N1 recovery process following CoBF reperfusion after 20 minutes of cochlear ischemia. N1 recovery in the group with an incomplete decrease in CoBF was better than in the group with a complete decrease in CoBF. These findings suggest that both the degree of compromise of CoBF and the duration of ischemia are important factors affecting the recovery of auditory function.View full abstractDownload PDF (1111K) -
MASAFUMI YOSHIDA, MITSUYOSHI AOYAGI, KAZUMI MAKISHIMA1996 Volume 99 Issue 2 Pages 327-332,351
Published: February 20, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSpontaneous electrical oscillations (AC potentials) were observed in the cochlea of three guinea pigs without any exposure to noise or drugs. The AC potentials disappeared completely within one minute after the cessation of artificial ventilation, and were suppressed by presenting external tones to the ear. As the frequency of the external tone was displaced toward that of the spontaneous oscillation, the signals were increasingly suppressed. Exposure to intense tone produced residual suppression of the AC potentials for several minutes. The time course of recovery from the suppression appeared to be similar to that in the noise induced temporary threshold shift measured psychoacoustically. From these results, it was concluded that the spontaneous AC potentials in the guinea pig cochlea were generated by the active mechanical vibration system at the area on the basilar membrane where the characteristic frequency corresponded to that of the AC potentials.View full abstractDownload PDF (503K)
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