Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica

Usefulness and Problems of Computed Tomography in Cerebral Diseases

Mainly in Posterior Fossa

Naotoshi Kobayashi

1978 Volume 71 Issue 7 Pages 917-932
Published: July 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.71.917

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Computed tomography (CT) is used in diagnosing cerebral diseases, and provides pertinent information, however, lesions seen on the CT appear only with differences in X-ray absorption co-efficient. Therefore, when a diagnosis is attempted regarding lesions without change of density, and a differential diagnosis regarding lesions which do present the same density, information is required concerning pathological characteristics of each disease, clinical histories and other X-ray examinations.
In CT, lesions can be detected in the eyes with differential in X-ray absorption, but such is often difficult when there is some relation between the lesions and cerebral structures. Angiograms and pneumo-encephalograms often provide additional information regarding CT.

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Psychological Test in Allergic Rhinitis

Mitsuaki Takahashi, Minoru Okuda

1978 Volume 71 Issue 7 Pages 933-942
Published: July 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.71.933

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To elucidate the role of psychogenous factor in the symptom of nasal allergy, psychological test such as CMI, Y-G and a simple qestionnaire, proposed by the present authors was presented to 104 patients with allergic rhinitis. The control group included 33 patients with infectious rhinitis and 31 healthy persons.
The patients with allergic rhinitis were divided into two groups: 87 patients with allergic rhinitis and 17 with allergic rhinitis associated with bronchial asthma.
In the CMI test, a neurotic tendency was observed only in allergic rhinitis associated with bronchial asthma, but not in allergic rhinitis alone or control.
Repeated CMI testing in the same patients showed varied results.
In Y-G test, type of character A, D and E were found more frequently in allergic rhinitis alone, while types of C and E were found more frequently in allergic rhinitis associated with bronchial asthma.
The test proposed by the present authors which was composed of 30 questions, was useful as screening test in outpatients clinic since the results from this test were similar to those from CMI test.
The psychosomatic factor is not so much evident in allergic rhinitis as it is in asthma.

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A Case Report of Pendulous Tonsil Arising from the Salpingo Pharyngeal Fold

Noriko Hiroshige, Shinya Araki

1978 Volume 71 Issue 7 Pages 943-949
Published: July 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.71.943

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A boy, aged 16, complained for one year of a pharyngeal growth which became gradually larger, and obstructed both nasal passages. A reddish giant growth was visible in the mesopharynx. This tumor had irregular grooves on the surface and arose from the nasopharynx.
X-ray examinations showed that the stiel of the tumor was situated in the right salpingo-pharyngeal fold.
After surgical extirpation, pathological studies revealed tonsil-like tissues.

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Synthetic Diagnosis of Parotid Tumors

RI, CT, Ultrasonics

Toshio Yamashita, Koichi Tomoda, Osamu Ninoyu, Hajime Amano, Shozo Uch ...

1978 Volume 71 Issue 7 Pages 951-965
Published: July 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.71.951

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Exact preoperative evaluation of a parotid tumor is necessary for the surgeon. Sialography, which is only an objective diagnostic procedure used in routine clinical work, provides little information as to the size, topographic relationship, or pathology of the tumor.
Recently, several new auxiliary procedures have been reported, for example, scintigraphy using ///Tc-pertechnetate and //Ga-citrate, CT-scanning and ultrasonics.
All these procedures were performed preoperatively in 8 patients with parotid tumors. Synthetic preoperative diagnosis using the results of these procedures concurred with findings at the time of surgery and with the pathology of the extirpated tumors.

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Lateral Cervical Cyst and Fistulae of the First Bronchial Cleft Origin

Hiroyuki Kitamura, Haruo Saito, Kazuo Miyamoto, Hideo Higashitsuji, Se ...

1978 Volume 71 Issue 7 Pages 967-975
Published: July 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.71.967

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Lateral cervical cysts and fistulae of the first branchial cleft origin are relatively rare disorders. Approximately 61 cases have been reported in the international literature. Recently we surgically treated 3 such patients.
Case I. A 2 yr. old boy presented a chronic left submandibular sinus and a history of a left cervical abscess which had been incised 4 months previously. The fistulous tract was extirpated on 9. 24. 1976. The tract extended from a point below and in front of the angle of the jaw, upwards, to end blindly at the external auditory canal. The upper part lay deep to the facial nerve. On microscopy of the specimen, the sinus was seen to be lined with skin accompanied by cartilage.
Case 2. A 1 yr. old girl developed an abscess at the angle of the left jaw during a period of 3 months. There was a fistula at the floor of the external auditory canal. The sinus tract was excised on 5. 11. 1977. The tract extended from the angle of the jaw, upwards, to the floor of the auditory canal. The upper part lay deep to the facial nerve. The tract was found to be lined with skin and accompanied by cartilaginous tissue.
Case 3. A 6 yr. old boy presented a history of recurrent meatal and postauricular swelling. The cyst was excised on 10. 7. 1976. The cyst covered the mastoid process and extended deep along the floor of the auditory canal. The tract ended in a blind sac superior to the facial nerve. The cyst was lined with keratinized squamous epithelium.

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A Double Blind Study of Beclomethasone Dipropionate Nasal Spray (SN 105) in Nasal Allergy

Minoru Okuda, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanes ...

1978 Volume 71 Issue 7 Pages 977-1004
Published: July 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.71.977

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To objectively assess the effectiveness of SN 105, a double blind test was carried out jointly at 16 hospitals on 183 patients with a perennial nasal allergy. SN 105 or placebo was applied in one spray into the nasal cavity, four times daily to adults and twice daily to children of twelve and under, for two weeks. The results were as follows:
SN 105 was significantly superior to placebo with degree to final global improvement rating, subjective and objective assessment and global utility rating with no relation to factors such as sex, age, type, severity, duration of the disease and the allergen involved.
The effect of SN 105 was initiated in 78% within one week and was maintained for at least one week after discontinuation.
Side effects induced were minimum without any significant difference between the two groups. Adreno-cortical inhibition was not observed.

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Measurement of Perilymphatic Oxygen Tension for Evaluation of Vasoactive Agents

Kiyotaka Murata, Kazuo Makimoto, Ugo Fisch

1978 Volume 71 Issue 7 Pages 1005-1015
Published: July 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.71.1005

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Perilymphatic oxygen tension in cats was measured following one intravenous administration of vasoactive agents. Intravenous infusion and one drop of the agent on the vessels in the internal acoustic meatus were also administered. Vasoactive agents used were papaverine hydrochloride, dihydroergotamine methanesulfate, histamine phosphate, nicotinic acid, eupaverine, naftidrofuryl, low molecular weight dextran, adrenaline and noradrenaline.
Significant discordance of the perilymphatic oxygen tension was detected with the cochlear blood flow as reported by Suga et al³⁾. Namely increase in cochlear blood flow does not always indicate the same trend as seen in the perilymphatic oxygen tension. Dilatation of the vessels in the internal acoustic meatus does elevate the perilymphatic oxygen tension, however effective oxygen supply to the inner ear is also dependent upon other factors influencing the systemic blood circulation. We conclude that vasoactive agents for inner ear diseases should be evaluated not by cochlear blood flow, but by the perilymphatic oxygen tension.

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Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Human Pharyngeal Tonsil

Akira Kodama, Tomoyuki Hoshino

1978 Volume 71 Issue 7 Pages 1017-1023
Published: July 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.71.1017

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Human pharyngeal tonsils which were excised surgically from children with an adenoid vegetation were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The specimens were fixed with 2% glutaraldehyde, 2% tannic acid and 1% osmic acid. After transfer into amyl acetate, the tissues were dried in a critical point dryer and following coating with Au/Pd were observed under a Hitachi HHS-2R SEM.
Each tonsil had four to five recesses which run sagittally and were deeply infolded. Many small pores and pits were observed on the luminal surface of the recess. Nonepithelial round cells, extravasate in the lumen through these pores and pits, such as was seen in the palatine tonsil. The subepithelial lymphoid tissues seemed to be connected to the lumen through these pores and pits.
From anatomical and histological viewpoints, the structure of the epithelium of the tonsillar recess seems to be constructed so as to be suitable for active immunological function of the pharyngeal tonsil.

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