Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica
Online ISSN : 1884-4545
Print ISSN : 0032-6313
ISSN-L : 0032-6313
Volume 77, Issue 9
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
  • Especially on the Cooperation of Otolaryngologists and Plastic Surgeons
    Hiroaki Takahashi, Kazuo Takeda, Sadao Tajima
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1739-1745
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the surgical treatment of extended cancers in the head and neck, complete removal of the lesion is indispensable. Consequently, extensive deformities and serious functional disturbances are likely to occur, which are apt to cause various degrees of disability. Adequate one-stage plastic and reconstructive surgery is required to prevent these disabilities.
    However, if otolaryngologists themselves try to perform reconstructive procedures immediately following ablation or destructive procedures in the removal of cancers, they often encounter difficulties which include technical, mental, and physical aspects. Therefore, the cooperation of otolaryngologists and plastic surgeons, the former for destruction and the latter for reconstruction, is ideal in these circumstances.
    In Osaka Medical College, recently, such cooperation for extended cancers in the head and neck, especially for cancers of the tongue, oral floor, and mandible has been adopted as a routine, and excellent results have been obtained.
    We recommend this kind of cooperation of otolaryngologists and plastic surgeons whenever and wherever possible.
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  • An experience with the second trial model WIO-01
    Jin Okubo, Isamu Watanabe, Norihiko Ishikawa, Tohru Ogaki, Hiroyoshi I ...
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1747-1754
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: December 12, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The eustachian tube is well known as an organ serving for the ventilation and drainage of the tympanic cavity and mastoid.
    Ventilation is carried out by the opening and closing of the eustachian tube that accompany swallowing movements. There has been no instrument for the quantification of these motor activities of the tube necessary for its function as a ventilator.
    The author developed a generally applicable sonotubometer Model WIO-O1 with the help of Sagami Electric K. K. for automatic measurement of the aforesaid tubal function with the use of band noise.
    In a sonotubometric trial with 32 adult females as subjects, the duration of patency of the eustachian tube was 288.5±138.5msec, and the amplitude eliciting response was 16.4±8.3dB. The positive response rate was 89.1%.
    In 33 children aged 4-6yrs, a positive response was detected in 40 ears (60.6%): 14 of 16 ears (87.5%) in 6-year-olds, 16 of 34 ears (47.1%) in 5-year-olds, and 10 of 16 ears (62.5%) in 4-year-olds, with the lowest positive response rate in children aged 5yrs. The mean duration of patency was 265.9±151.5msec, and the amplitude 15.4±7.5dB.
    The above subjects were divided into 4 groups according to amplitude, A (21dB or higher), B (11dB-20dB), C (10dB or lower) and D (no response), and the results were compared between adults and children in each group. The duration of patency was approximately 80msec longer in adults in group A, which seemed to be accounted for by the difference between adult (muscular open type) and juvenile (pressure open type) eustachian tubes.
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  • Clinical differences between the effects of rock concerts and discos
    Yukio Toda, Isamu Takeyama, Yoshie Yoshikawa, Kumi Nakajima
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1755-1762
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Eight cases of acute sensori-neural hearing loss after exposure to loud sounds in rock concerts and another eight cases of acute sensori-neural hearing loss after exposure to loud sounds in discos were tested for clinical differences.
    1. Seven cases of unilaterally impaired hearing and one of bilaterally impaired hearing were found in the disco group, and four unilaterally impaired and four bilaterally impaired cases in the rock concert group.
    2. Tinnitus and hearing impairment appeared within about 2 hours after exposure in almost every case in both the disco and rock concert groups.
    3. Three cases of severely impaired and five of mildly impaired were found in the rock concert group, and five of severely impaired and three of mildly impaired hearing in the disco group.
    4. In the rock concert group, three had flat-type, and five had dip-type audiograms and in the disco group four had flat-type, three had low-frequency-type and one had dip-type audiograms.
    5. In the rock concert group, three patients had poor recovery, one had moderate and four had good recovery.
    In the disco group, five had poor, two had moderate and one had good recovery.
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  • Jyu Nin, Naoaki Yanagihara, Kohshiro Nakamura
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1763-1768
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A total of 30 patients with intratemporal facial palsies of recent onset, 20 with Bell's palsy and 10 with Ramsay Hunt's syndrome, were the subjects of this investigation. From the orbicularis oculi and the oris muscles of both the healthy and the diseased side, evoked electromyograms and electromyograms were obtained using surface electrodes, and strength-duration curves were derived. Comparative analysis of the data obtained from these examinations revealed no difference in these two muscles of the healthy side. On the diseased side, however, the following results suggested a more pronounced vulnerability of the nerve branch innervating the orbicularis oculi muscle than of that innervating the orbicularis oris muscle. 1) The average amplitudes of the electromyogram and of the evoked electromyogram were significantly smaller in the orbicularis oculi muscle than in the oris muscle. 2) A more marked decline of the averaged amplitude of the electromyogram of the orbicularis oculi muscle was noted in the subjects with denervation proved by the strength-duration curve. 3) The same phenomenon was also apparent in the subjects whose facial paralysis score was low.
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  • Hirobumi Kumazawa, Nobuya Yagi
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1769-1774
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A new test for the measurement of nasal secretion is described. Secretions from the inferior turbinate are measured with a piece of cotton thread dyed with 10% fluorescin placed on the anterior part of the inferior turbinate for 60 seconds. The length of thread dyed with fluorescin due to nasal secretion is an indicator of the quantity of secretion.
    The amount of secretion from 24 normal individuals averaged significantly less than that in 28 allergic individuals. The amount of secretion in 11 allergic individuals was reduced by Ipratropium inhalation. Increased secretion in 17 allergic individuals was observed during provocation by house dust antigen.
    These results indicate that this nasal secretion test with a thread dyed with 10% fluorescin is useful for the objective and quantitative measurement of nasal secretion.
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  • Akinobu Goto, Katsura Yamamoto
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1775-1780
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    An ossifying fibroma of the maxillary sinus appeared in a 10-year-old male with painless slow enlargement of the right maxilla. Clinical examinations and routine paranasal sinus X-rays disclosed an expansile mass in the right maxilla. A CT-scan provided the best preoperative information as to the localization of the tumor. At exploration, the tumor was well capsulated, so complete resection was possible. The pathologic diagnosis was ossifying fibroma. The postoperative course was uncomplicated. Scar tissue with foreign body reaction was found, but there was no recurrence of the tumor.
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  • Isao Uno, Atsushi Sakakura, Hiroaki Takahashi, Koichiro Shimizu
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1781-1789
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Extracranial meningioma which originates in the paranasal sinuses is uncommon, and only 27 cases have been reported. A meningioma originating in the sphenoid sinus and extending to both the ethmoid sinuses and to the skull base is described and added to the literature.
    The patient was a 73-year-old female who developed visual disturbance of the left eye without any other neurological signs. Plain X-ray views and CT scan of the skull showed a large tumor in the sphenoid sinus. Total removal was performed through both maxillary sinuses. There has been no recurrence (11 months since surgery), and visual acuity has improved. Histological examination revealed fibroblastic meningioma.
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  • Takashi Kawakami, Akihiro Ogawa, Satoshi Koike, Yosuke Yamamoto, Shosu ...
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1791-1794
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 60 year-old female came to our clinic with the complaints of postnasal discharge of 7 years' duration, lightheadedness and recurrent swelling of the left nasal vestibule. Computed tomography revealed a low density mass occupying the left maxillary sinus, in which were observed high density shadows considered to be calculi.
    Exploratory anthrotomy revealed polypoid hypertrophy of the mucous membrane of the sinus and a caseous mass within the sinus. Histologically this caseous mass contained much sand-like material, identified as candida proliferation surrounded by marked calcification.
    This is an interesting case because of the calcifying process of degenerative change secondary to candidiasis in the maxillary sinus.
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  • Kuang Tsuong Yang, Toshio Yamashita, Hidehiko Sasa
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1795-1805
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Careful palpation, plain X-rays and angiography are useful in the diagnosis of lateral cervical masses, but accurate preoperative evaluation sometimes needs further examinations.
    Recently several new auxiliary procedures have become available such as RI-scintigraphy, Ultrasound, and CT-scanning but even these may not be sufficient when used singly. When all these procedures were combined preoperatively in the case of lateral cervical masses and the results were compared with the findings at time of surgery and the pathology of the extirpated masses, acurate preoperative diagnose were possible.
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  • Nobuyuki Nonaka, Michio Kawano, Fujie Hagio, Miyoko Yamada, Nobuhiko I ...
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1807-1818
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A questionnaire consisting of 14 items regarding the need for medical treatment or speech therapy was distributed to 320 patients with cleft lip and/or palate including submucous cleft palate and congenital velopharyngeal incompetence. There was a response in 67.2%. The eight items are reported in this paper.
    1) The parents tend to avoid to have another baby after delivery of the child with cleft lip and/or palate.
    2) Most of the parents have a healthy attitude of child-care, but some indicate anxiety or want to keep their children away from another's gaze.
    3) About 70% of the parents were informed of the cleft lip and/or palate within 7 days after delivery. Most of the mothers were informed simply that their child had such a defect. Approximately 25% of the mothers were told about prognosis and treatment.
    4) About 50% of cleft lip and/or palate newborns were hospitalized because of the nursing difficulty.
    5) About 80% of the cleft lip and palate patients were bottlefed.
    6) About 50% of cleft lip and palate were also tube-fed via the nasal cavity.
    7) Children with cleft palate tended to be slow in talking. Those with congenital velopharyngeal incompetence or submucous cleft palate were even slower. In children with cleft palate, submucous cleft palate or congenital velopharyngeal incompetence, walking was also delayed.
    8) Approximately 80% of the parents received guidance from visiting nurses.
    These results indicate the importance of parental guidance after birth.
    It is necessary for the parents to have a counselling or a concrete guidance about the child's care and the prognosis of the disease. A team approach is necessary, including doctor, psychologist, health nurse and speech therapist.
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  • Part 1. measurement of tinnitus
    Hitoshi Machii
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1819-1833
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Quantitative measurements of tinnitus were recorded in 101 patients who visited the otolaryngologic clinic of Nippon Medical School Hospital, and the results were correlated with the patients' subjective symptoms.
    In approximetely 50per cent of the patients, the center pitch of the tinnitus which was measured by the pitch match method, performed in both the ipsilateral and contralateral ears, was above 4000Hz. The tinnitus frequencies measured by the pitch match method, however, did not correlate with the qualitative tinnitus pitch described by the patients. In other words, if a patient complains of low pitch tinnitus, the pitch match method may give approximately 6000Hz.
    In assessing the loudness of tinnitus, the loudness balance method was better than the masking method. In the loudness balance method, a pure tone should be presented in an ascending series of 1dB steps. The contralateral ear is a better test ear than the ipsilateral ear, since in the ipsilateral ear patients sometimes confuse the test tone with the tinnitus. The loudness of the tinnitus measured quantitatively by the loudness balance method and the masking method showed no correlation with the patients' complaints. In other words, if a patient complains of severe tinnitus which disturbs his sleep, the loudness balance method may give a loudness level of less than 5dB.
    Bekesy's audiometry (continuous frequency) was performed in all cases. In some of the patients there was a positive correlation between the threshold shift in the audiogram and the frequency of the tinnitus measured by the pitch match method.
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  • Functional studies on immune response cells in an in vitro co-culture system
    Yoshio Nishizawa
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1835-1842
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    It was found that pokeweed mitogen (PWM) generated helper T cell function, and Concanavalin A (Con A) generated suppressor T cell function for IgE production in a human peripheral T-B cell co-culture system. This assay system provides useful information for estimating the regulatory function for IgE production of human T cells in several allergic diseases. With this system, the quantitive activity of helper T cell and suppressor T cell function was measured in patients with allergic rhinitis. It was found that helper T cell function was enhanced and suppressor T cell function suppressed in these patients. Hyper IgE Nemia in these patients was probably due to the reciprocal action of increasing functional activity of helper T cells and decreasing functional activity of suppressor T cells.
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  • Radioimmunoassay using antigen-bound Polystyrene Tubes
    Tadao Enomoto, Daisuke Iwahashi, Tatsuko Enomoto, Makoto Hamada
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1843-1850
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    There are various methods of measuring allergen-specific IgG antibodies. However, each assay method has its merits and drawbacks, and there has been no established assay method.
    We attempted to assay allergen-specific antibody by the sandwich method using polystyrene tubes and investigated the assay conditions.
    The optimal concentration of the antigen used for coating the tube was found to be 2μg/ml, and the proper dilution of the test serum was 50-fold. The inhibition test demonstrated the specificity of this reaction system. Within- and between-assay variations were small. Thus, this assay method proved to be fit for use. A stability test was performed to examine how long the tube-coating antigen was stable. The antigen was found to be stable for up to 3 days.
    This method showed that the serum of subjects sensitized with Dermatophagoides farinae for at least 6 months contained a significantly higher titer of D. farinae-specific IgG antibody than did the serum of non-sensitized subjects.
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  • Yoshiyuki Tanigaito
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1851-1861
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This study was designed to clarify the degree and duration of tissue injury caused by sialography, and the mechanism of the increase of serum amylase levels which has been noted in various diseases of the salivary glands.
    Sialography was performed in 20 normal subjects and 58 patients with parotid gland disorders: Sjögren's syndrome (11 patients), sialosis (10 patients), abnormal dilatation of the main duct (8), chronic recurrent infantile parotitis (6), chronic parotitis (2), benign tumor (4) and others (17). In addition 7 normal submandibular glands were examined.
    Before and after sialography, amylase levels were determined in the serum and urine, and biopsies of the glands were taken for histological examination.
    1. Increases in serum and urine amylase levels reached a peak one day after sialography and then fell slowly for one or two weeks.
    2. The amount of increase was significantly less than normal in Sjögren's syndrome, chronic recurrent infantile parotitis, chronic parotitis and dilatation of the main duct.
    3. Amylase levels after sialography of the submandibular gland were significantly lower than after that of the parotid gland.
    4. The major histological change after sialography was periductal small round cell infiltration (especially around the striated duct).
    The present results indicate that tissue injury due to sialography is slight and easily reversible in one or two weeks. The increased ability of the striated duct to reabsorp salivary amylase may be one of mechanisms of increase of serum amylase levels in salivary gland diseases. In spite of the increased reabsorption, reduced secretion of amylase by the secretory cells does not raise the serum amylase level.
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  • Comparison of Clinical Effects between Adults and Children
    Katsuhisa Ikeda, Tomonori Takasaka, Jun Kusakari, Yasuo Kaku, Mayumi S ...
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1863-1869
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We evaluated the therapeutic effect of leftose in 30 adults and children with chronic paranasal sinusitis or chronic rhinitis.
    1) Marked improvement was seen in 5 cases (17%), moderate improvement in 9 (30%), slight improvement in 5 (17%), and no effect in 11 (37%).
    2) Objective improvement was observed in the following signs and examination results: Nasal obstruction improved in 66.7% of the adults and 60.0% of the children, rhinorrhea in 64.3% and 73.3%, X-ray findings in 25.0% and 57.1%, and smears in 46.2% and 60.0%.
    3) The drug was more effective in children than in adults.
    4) In adults subjective symptoms correlated well with smears, while in children they correlated with both X-ray films and smears.
    5) If the evaluation of adults had included smears and subjective symptoms, the number of the improved cases might have been higher.
    6) No adverse effect was observed in any of the patients.
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  • Kazuo Kuriyama, Ichiro Furuuchi, Jun-ichi Kuriyama
    1984 Volume 77 Issue 9 Pages 1871-1876
    Published: September 01, 1984
    Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To evaluate the effects of lincomycin on anaerobic bacterial infections, lincomycin hydrochloride was administered to 20 outpatients (12 with acute pharyngitis, 2 with acute sinusitis, 1 with chronic sinusitis, 2 with chronic otitis media, 1 with acute otitis media, 1 with perichondritis auriculae and 1 with peritonsillar abscess).
    The patients were given intramuscularly injections of 300-1200mg of lincomycin 1-2 times a day for 1 to 5 days.
    Cultures yielded 22 bacterial strains (8 Peptococcus sp., 5 Peptostreptococcus sp., 5 Bacteroides fragilis, 3 Bacteroides melaninogenicus and 1 Fusobacterium sp.).
    Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of lincomycin for anaerobes were determined by the agar dilution method.
    Efficacy was determined by clinical improvement and eradication of bacteria at the time the drug was discontinued.
    The overall efficacy rate was 73.7%.
    Bacteria eradication rates were: Peptococcus sp. 83.3%, Peptostreptococcus sp. 60.0%, B. fragilis 100%, in 1 case both Peptococcus sp. and B, melaninogenicus, and in another both Peptococcus and B. fragilis were eradicated. Lincomycin was ineffective in a case of B. melaninogenicus and one of Fusobacterium sp. infection.
    In this trial, the effectiveness of lincomycin against Peptostreptococcus sp. was 60.0% which is rather low compared with its usual high effectiveness against this strain reported elsewhere. This can be attributed to the fact that most of these patients had received other antibiotics possibly including macrolides such as erythromycin and oleandomycin which are known to induce cross resistance to lincomycin in other medical institutions before visiting us, and that may have produced induced resistance.
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