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49 巻, 12 号
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石川 馨1970 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 867
発行日: 1970/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
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昭和45年11月4日第7回石炭科学会議講演吉村 慶英, 藤原 幸男, 高森 伸一, 山本 広明1970 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 868-873
発行日: 1970/12/20
公開日: 2011/02/23
ジャーナル フリーIn the present report, the experimental results are summarized as follows.
1. It is reported by a number of workers that there are some different sort of relationships between the ash content of coal and of its grindability (Hardgrove Grindability Index). Seeing that this complexity of the relationships can be attributed to the specific gravity of coal changing together with its ash content, the authors have attempted to investigate the effect of specific gravity of coal upon the grindability. As the result, the effect of specific gravity of coal upon its grindability is neglected reasonably.
2. In the standard method of test for grindability of coal by the Hardgrove Method, 50 grams of sample of coal shall be charged accurately. In accordance of our experimental results, change of weight (or volume) of charged sample has no influence upon the value of Hardgrove Index. Then, we shall not find important meaning in charging of sample of just 50 grams.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (701K) -
昭和45年11月4日第7回石炭科学会議講演横川 親雄, 吉本 英雄, 神谷 喜芳1970 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 874-880
発行日: 1970/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーCellulose, lignin and Torf were artificially coalified in water at 200∼300°C for∼48 hours. The artificial coals obtained were examined in their ESR spectra. Variations of spin concentration, g-value, line width and saturation effect in the course of artificial coalification were observed. It was found that these materials produce spin centres easily even at temperature as low as 200°C and the number of spin centre increases with the advance of coalification. The apparent activation energy of the spin forming process was calculated as 28 kcal/mole. The characteristics of the spin centre, suggested by g-value, line width and saturation effect, change with the advance of coalification, however, the direction of the change is similar to that observed for natural coals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (839K) -
昭和45年11月4日第7回石炭科学会議講演似鳥 次郎, 桜井 康三, 小関 清, 小林 治二1970 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 881-888
発行日: 1970/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーApplicability of Calorific Value (m. a. f.) was considered to the classification of Japanese coals of high volatile content as in “International classification of hard coal by type” and in“ASTM classification of coals by rank”.
Relations between moisture-holding capacity, carbon centent, calorific value and fixed carbon were studied.
Calorific value (m. a. f.), next to carbon (m. a. f.) and carbon (d. a. f.), was found to be a sufficient classification index for these coals.
But fixed carbon (d. a. f.) was not a sufficient index, because of the irregularity that the relations of fixed carbon (d. a. f.) both to carbon (d. a. f.) and to calorific value (d. a. f.) were centrary within the coals from Johan coal field to those from other coal fields.
From the study of the relation between moisture-holding capacity (ash free) and calorific value (m. a. f.), a transition point on coal rank was found at 4.1 per cent moisture-holding capacity (ash free) and 7780 cal/g (m. a. f.).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1030K) -
昭和45年11月5日第7回石炭科学会議講演山下 安正, 大内 公耳1970 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 890-897
発行日: 1970/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーTrue and practical specific heat of coals (C% 70∼93) were measured continuously with adiabastic method. Practical specific heat includes heat of chemical reaction, heat of vaporization and heat of phase transition. The error of the measurments did not exceed over ±5 per cent. True specific heat increases with measuring temperature for individual coal and decreases as the rank of coal approaches to the graphite. The relation between true and practical specific heat shows that coal of C% 70 has exothermic reaction at the higher temperature range than 250°C. Especially, it shows maximum values at about 380 and 600°C. Coals of C% 75∼85 have exothermic reaction at 400∼500°C and at the higher temperature range than 600°C, and endothermic reaction at about 550∼600°C. Coal of C% 93 shows exothermic reaction at about 680°C and endothermic one at the higher temperature than 650°C. The mechanisms of reactions occuring at each temperature region were estimated from the decomposed gases and was examined if it is reasonable or not from the view point of the results obtained in this measurment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (926K) -
赤外吸収スペクトル (4) (加熱炭について)大沢 祥拡, 石 栄〓, 角田 鉄之助1970 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 898-907
発行日: 1970/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe infrared spectra of the heat treated coals, prepared by heating 7 different ranks of Japanese coal at temperatures of 200∼500°C were measured by KBr method. Spectra changes began mostly at the temperature range of 300∼400°C; the lower the rank of the original coal is, the earlier the changes began.
In general, increasing the heat treatment temperature resulted in increasing the optical densities of the absorption bands at 3030, 1600 and 870∼750 cm-1 with some reversals beyond the temperature of 450°C, and decreasing those at 2920, 1450 and 1380 cm-1.
From the informations obtained, some inferences were drawn as that there should be significant differences in structure and behavior of the condensed aromatic ring amongdifferent ranks of coal; the absorption band at 1600 cm-1 had a close connection with aromatic carbon content at least for the heat treated coals, and that the natural coalification might develop at temperatures lower than 450°C.
The structural assignment for the 1260 cm-1 band remained controversial. Also worthy of note was the rectilinear correlation between the optical density of the 3030 cm-1 band and the arithmetical sum of those of the bands at 870, 820 and 750 cm-1.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1181K) -
水素化分解反応と反応生成物の各種構造水素前河 涌典, 上田 成, 長谷川 義久, 横山 慎一, 広木 栄三, 吉田 雄次1970 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 908-916
発行日: 1970/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーA series of studies are being conducted by the authors from April 1970. Coal is converted to solvent soluble matter by hydrogenolysis under pressure and the chemical reaction in the coal samples in the course of hydrogenolysis is followed. At the same time structural analysis of low molecular reaction products which are solvent soluble are conducted in an attempt to clarify or otherwise elucidate the chemical structure of the sample coal as a whole.
This is our first report and discussions were made on the product distribution, reaction kinetics, the hydrogen distribution in the reaction products concerning the hydrogenolytic reaction conducted and the following conclusions were obtained .
(1) An inner vessel was used in the rotating autoclave with an inner content of 5l. It was considered here that the reaction proceedes at an approximate chemical reaction controlling state.
(2) Whereas we have considered that in the consecutive reaction of hydrocracking A→O2→O1 however as a result of our present work it was revealled that pyridine soluble matter at room temperature of the reaction products plays a role in the reaction, in other words the consecutive reaction should be expressed as
Py-1→A→O2→O1
(3) The main reaction in the hydrogenolysis was the destruction of bridges between unit structures. It was also conjectured that the main part of the bridge structure between the structural units was not CH2 groups α to two rings . This was based on the hydrogen distribution changes in the course of the reaction by high resolution NMR spectroscopy.
(4) A slight saturation of the aromatic rings at the remote end in the Py→A reaction was present.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1052K) -
瀝青炭の硝酸酸化による再生フミン酸の生成とその性状有田 静児, 三木 敏晴, 野田 広, 谷原 紘一, 中川 雅直1970 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 917-924
発行日: 1970/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーIn order to obtain regenerated humic acids from bituminous coals, six kinds of coals-Takamatsu (C: 75.7%), Onoura (C: 80.1%), Miike (C: 82.3%), Hashima (C: 85.0%), Shin-omine (C: 87.1%) and Nishikawachi (C: 89.5%) were oxidized with nitric acid under various conditions. In the case of Miike coal, a maximal yield of humic acid (based on original coal) was obtained at the oxidation time about 14 hours with 1 normal nitric acid and about 6 hours with 2 normal nitric acid at 100°C. On the oxidation of bituminous coals with 2 normal nitric acid in 5 hours at 100°C, the yield of humic acids depended upon the rank of coals. Under these conditions coal containing about 84% carbon gave a maximal yield of humic acid. To prepare humic acids in good yiels from coals of the higher rank, it was necessary to employ the more drastic oxidation conditions.
Carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen contents, neutralization equivalent weights and cadmium ion uptakes of humic acids that regenerated from bituminous coals were determined.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (984K) -
昭和45年11月5目第7回石炭科学会議講演中村 喜義, 北村 雅夫1970 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 925-931
発行日: 1970/12/20
公開日: 2011/02/23
ジャーナル フリーIn our country there have been recently found many localities where the crop plants revealed the symptoms of the deficiency in special elements beside three manureal elements.
According to the investigation of Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, the Presume area of deficient in special elements was found 500, 000 hectares in the total, the area, deficient in magnesium, was found the largest, 240, 000 hectares in total, and it was followed by those, deficient in boron or silicium respectively in the order. These presume areas have been expected to increase their number after the more precise investigation.
In relation to the amelioration of these soils, various materials have been proposed to be applied, but they have had always more or less defects in their quality. In order to get rid of these defects the author made studies, here reported, on various factors and conditions, by which several fertilizer were prepared. As to this preparation a special consideration was paid in supplying the special elements from the domestic resources, of no utility.
It is the major objective of this research to promote the development of new markets for coal minerals in the domestic coal (Montmorillonite-chlorite=Na-K-Ca-Mg-Al-Si-O-OH-H2O=ASTM card No.12-231, Halloysite hydrated=Al2Si2O5 (OH) 4·2H2O=ASTM card No.9-451, Kaolinite=Al2Si2O5 (OH) 4=ASTM card No.14-164) and serpentine (Deweylite= (Mg, Fe) 3 (Si, Al) 3O7 (OH) 4·4H2O=ASTM card No.13-532, serpentine=Mg3Si2O5 (OH) 4=ASTM card No.9-444, Aluminian serpentine=Mg-Al-Si-Al-O-OH=ASTM card No.12-583) in Japan and to advance its use in the existing markets.
Many different research projects have been undertaken to accomplish these aims.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (884K) -
住吉炭ピリジン抽出物の石油エーテル可溶成分に関する研究横山 晋, 山本 芳彦, 武谷 愿1970 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 932-941
発行日: 1970/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe chemical constitution of the petroleum ether soluble portion extracted from the pyridine extract of Sumiyoshi coal was studied by infra-red, ultra-violet and high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. First, the petroleum ether extract was fractionated by liquid chromatography and separated into Fractions I to V. As a result of superimposing the separate spectroscopic analyses, it was shown that Fraction I consists of saturated hydrocarbons and Fraction II to V were aromatic compounds.
The average molecular structure of each fraction was estimatted by elementary analysis, molecular weight and hydrogen distribution. As for the structural analysis of saturated hydrocarbon (Fraction I), the contents of the respective types of carbon grouping namely CH3, CH2, CH were estimated from the NMR analysis and elementary analysis. The numbers of naphthene rings were calculated based on their contents. The structural parameters of aromatic fractions of Fraction II to V were estimated by Williams' method which was originally applied to the structral analysis of petroleum fraction.
The result of the structural analyses was as follows: the average molecular structure of Fraction I was naphthene with 4 to 5 rings, and Fraction II, III and V was alkyl benzene, alkyl naphthalene, and alkyl anthracene or alkyl phenanthrene derivatives respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1353K) -
1970 年 49 巻 12 号 p. 946-950
発行日: 1970/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (644K)
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