Journal of the Fuel Society of Japan

[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1972 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 1105
Published: November 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3775/jie.51.11_1105

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Liquefaction of Natural Gas and Shipping Facilities

K. Hoshi

1972 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 1106-1117
Published: November 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3775/jie.51.11_1106

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Natural gas liquefaction plants, initially intended for peak shaving, have developed into large-scale base load liquefaction plants, thanks to recent technological progress, and a large volume of products are being transported by means of refrigerated tankers.
Liquefaction plants for base loads now in operation are those at Arzew (Algeria), Kenai (Alaska), Marsa el Brega (Libya) and those under construction are at Lumut (Brunei) Skikda (Algeria).
As to the process, there are three types, namely, the Expansion Process, Conventional Cascade Process and MCR Process (Multi Component Refrigerant Process). The Conventional Cascade Process and MCR Process are adopted for base load liquefaction presently in operation or under construction, and it is assumed that the latter will become the leading process.
The liquefaction plants are equipped with large-scale ancillary facilities to meet the very large power requirements of the plants.
Several tens of million tons per year of liquefied natural gas (LNG) for base loads will be imported by Japan as a practical energy source and as a pollution-free fuel.While the progressWhile the progress of cryogenic techniques has contributed to the success of the above-mentioned projects, further studies and improvements are expected in this new field, with its short historical background. Moreover, in order that LNG may become an inexpensive source of energy, the emergence of larger and better cryogenic equipment, which is extremely costly at present, and the development of larger, improved tanks and tankers are foreseen.

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Welding of Low Temperature Use Metals for LNG Tank

Y. Kuriyama

1972 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 1118-1128
Published: November 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3775/jie.51.11_1118

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The paper present the practical aspect of welding of metals used at low temperature such as LNG tank.
Aluminum killed steel, high teusile strength steel and low nickel contained steel, which are used at higher than -100°C, and 9% nickel steel, aluminum alloy, stainless steel and invar, which are used at higher temperature than -196°C are discussed in the paper. Filler metals, welding method and the mechanical properties of welded joint are also reported. And some explanation is given for the LNG tank.
Certain suggestions for further study for improving the metals and welding procedure are indicated.

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Insulation for LNG Facilities

H. Komada

1972 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 1129-1137
Published: November 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3775/jie.51.11_1129

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This paper summarizes the examples of many kinds of thermal insulating technology for various LNG facilities such as storage tanks, marine vessels and pipe installations mainly operating in actual use and/or expected in near future.

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On the Problems Caused by Ferrzing Soil Around Underground Storage Tank for Liquefied Natural Gas

T. Takashi

1972 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 1138-1146
Published: November 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3775/jie.51.11_1138

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In this paper the problems and the countermeasures occurred to underground storage tank for liquefied natural gas under operation are described.
Author firstly explains that soil around underground storage tank for LNG freeze necessarily after cool-down, further gives an outline of the rules of expansion of freezing soil, secondry explains the results of theoretical analysis for the pressure and the displacement in soil originated from this expansion, and in conclusion proposes that it is the most effective method for solving the problems to freeze soil around underground storage tank before excavation.

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The Outline of Tank Lorry from a View-Point of Designing

S. Adachi, Y. Shimizu

1972 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 1147-1154
Published: November 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3775/jie.51.11_1147

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Demand for energy is increased more and more in Japan and to supply it we owe a great deal to petroleum. But the spread of environmental pollution becoming the topic in these days, much is expected of LNG as pollution-free energy.
LNG base are about to be in operation in Negishi area in Yokohama and in Senpoku area in Osaka. In the near future metanization will be in immense progress, which will being about many a satellite station here and there.
As a transportation system for LNG among these satellite strage bases, tank cars and/or tank lorries will be taken into consideration without fail.
Accordingly, the outline of tank lorry is described hereunder by explaining some problems from a view-point of designing, including its handling and maintenance.

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[title in Japanese]

1972 Volume 51 Issue 11 Pages 1160-1164
Published: November 20, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3775/jie.51.11_1160

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