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53 巻, 2 号
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高橋 荘介1974 年 53 巻 2 号 p. 71-72
発行日: 1974/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
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村田 浩1974 年 53 巻 2 号 p. 73-82
発行日: 1974/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーEnergy crisis has been the most vital problem for all over the world. Atomic energy is expected to be one of the most hopeful solutions for the present energy crisis.
This article describes the features of atomic energy and includes world history and present status of 1) power reactors which are light water reactor, gas cooled reactor, heavy water reactor and fast breeder reactor. 2) commercial nuclear power plants of which 124 power plants are in operation as of the end of 1972. 3) multipurpose uses of atomic energy which contains some examples such as atomic energy uses to chemical process heat, breeding of fishes and prawn, district heating, desalination, steel making and hydrogen energy utilizing system. 4) controlled thermonuclear fusion which is expected to be an ultimate energy source for mankind. 5) future trend of the development of atomic energy ; the way to the controlled thermo nuclear fusion reactor.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1314K) -
1974 年 53 巻 2 号 p. 82
発行日: 1974年
公開日: 2011/02/23
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大内 公耳1974 年 53 巻 2 号 p. 83-90
発行日: 1974/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーLiquefaction of coal and combined system of gasification and liquefac-tion were reviewed. Researdh activity on coal and carbon in Utah University, Bureau of Mines at Pittsburgh and Morgantown, Pennsylvania State University, Consolidation Coal Co., Calgon Co., UCC and Geological Survey was introduced shortly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1193K) -
渡嘉敷 通秀1974 年 53 巻 2 号 p. 91-98
発行日: 1974/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーSynthetic esters have extensively been studied and utilizeel as the jet engine oils. The earliest practical use of the synthetic esters was the diester type such as DOS. The diesters have excellent physical properties, but some are not very stable for heat. A particular type in which β-carbon of alcohol moiety is quarternary, is called a “hindered ester”, which shows an improved thermal stability over those having non-quarternary β-carbon, Polyols such as trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol etc., give the type of esters with carboxylic acids. The thermal stability is further improved by employing an acid having a quarternary α-carbon; the resultant ester is often referred to as a “neoacid ester”. The neoacid ester, however, exhibits not better pbysical properties than the diesters and hindered esterss especially on the viscosity-temperature characteristics, low temperature fluidity and volatility. There are some other esters; fluorinated esters, oxidatively autoinhivitive esters, etc.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (941K) -
宮川 亜夫, 藤嶋 一郎, 武上 善信, 鈴木 俊光1974 年 53 巻 2 号 p. 99-110
発行日: 1974/02/20
公開日: 2011/02/23
ジャーナル フリーIn a previous communication, it was shown that asphaltene content was increased in the presence of aluminum trichloride.
The present paper represents a further facet of a structural analysis cf the consti-tuents of asphalt and a systematic investigation into the mechanism of asphaltene increase. A detailed structural investigation by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been made possible by introducing a new parameter, branchiness ratio (k).
The mechanism of asphaltene increase has been studied from the chemical structures within the asphalt fractions before and after the catalytic reactions in the presence of aluminum trichloride.
The following results were obtained:
1) The mechanism of asphaltene increase occurs by the following reactions:
Aromatics isomerization→disproportionation Resins (I)
n×Resins addition polymerization → Asphaltenes (II)
Resins+Asphaltenes addition polymerization→ Asphaltenes (III)
In the absence of aluminum trichloride, reaction I and II do not occur.
2) Aromatic ring systems of asphaltenes become large and highly condenced in the presence of aluminum trichloride.
3) Aromatics having comparatively high condensed aromatic ring systems are easily consumed through reaction I.
4) In spite of aluminum trichloride addition, desulfurization does not occur at temperature 180°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1415K) -
藤嶋 一郎, 宮川 亜夫1974 年 53 巻 2 号 p. 111-116
発行日: 1974/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーOne of the natural asphalt, Athabasca tar-sand was compared with petroleum asphalt. Chemical characteristics of both asphalts were expressed in terms of elemental analyses, molecular weight data and carbon-type distribution which was derived from NMR spectroscopy.
The f ollowing results were obtained:
1) Although petroleum asphalt consists of high molecular weight fractions, both asphalts are regarded as similar heavy ends of petroleum oils.
2) Hetero elements, especially sulfur, content of Athabasca asphaltenes is higher than that of petroleum asphaltenes.
3) Petroleum asphalt treated with aluminum trichloride is regarded as much the same as crude oil, containing considerable amount of light fractions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (606K) -
米国IGTの論文より伊藤 二郎, 永井 潜1974 年 53 巻 2 号 p. 117-122
発行日: 1974/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーVarious coal and oil gasification processes have been investigated in the world, among which our attentions have been especially kept to the research works in United States.
This paper, by the permission of the Institute of Gas Technology, American Gas Association and the Office of Coal Research, summarizes the content of both a report “Production of Pipeline Gas by Hydrogasification of Coal, vol.1 1954-1946”, research works of which have been performed by the Institute of Gas Technology and sponsored by the American Gas Association and U. S. Government's Office of Coal Research, and a report “Production of Pipeline Gas from Crude Oil Feedstocks, Final Report 1972” prepared for the Gas Supply Committee of the American Gas Association by the Institute of Gas Technology as a project numbered 6082.
It will be grateful if this could help Japanese research works on the gasification. The copyrights of the former and the latter reports are held by the Institute of Gas Technology and the American Gas Association respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (878K) -
伊木 正二1974 年 53 巻 2 号 p. 123-127
発行日: 1974/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
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1974 年 53 巻 2 号 p. 133-140
発行日: 1974/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1075K)
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