We are sorrounded by so many natural heat resources of low temperature gradient as solar heat, ocean heat, atomospheric heat, geo-thermal heat etc. These resources are hoped to be utilized in to general uses more and more in future.
In order to accumulate, storage, transport, and utilize these thermal energy resources, the author is going to propose a new energy system which utilize the concentration energy of liquid solution of salts, or organic liquids.
Liquid solutions, especially highly concentrated water solutions have an ability of absorption of water vapour, liberating latent heat of condensation at elevated boiling temperature, as used in absorptional refrigerators and room heaters.
The concentration energy system proposed here, is a large scale absorption cycle, which accumulate solar heat and other thermal resouces by increasing concentration of water solutions, accumulate the solutions in big tank, distribute and transport the solutions, and utilize them at final users for heating, and power.
The temperature of final solutions can be increased by superposing of boiling temperature rise.
The feature of this system is the very high ability of energy storge capacity of solutions. An 1kg water solution will absorb 0 .5 kg water vapour which liberates about 300 Kcal latent heat, so the energy capacity of water solution can be said to be 300 Kcal/1kg which is far higher than any other thermal energy storage devises.
In future, after patient development efforts, this system will be one of the necessary energy system that can utilize any natural thermal energy resources sorrounding earth evently.

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The present waste treatment (especially manicipal rebuse treatment) cannot rely only on national purifying, as the result, needs treatment cotrol being considered the enviromental pollution control.
Incineration in Japan has been used for the above treatment, and it has been considered as the best procedure from the sight of decrease of volume, and stability of nature.
The treatment and disposal procedure of waste in Japan consists 75% of incineration, 45% of land fill, 2. 5% of composting and 7. 6 of domestic treatment.
The report has dealt with the procedure and condition of the incineration plant.
The property of ash depends upon the incicinerator condition.
The ignition loss shows about 10-15% (the standard ignition loss is less 15%), and it shows 8-20% at the continuous firing. The dust concentration by thc air pollution control restrains less 0.2g/Nm³ when the effluent gas volume is than 40, 000 Nm³/ hr., and 0.7g/Nm³ when less 40, 000 Nm³/hr.
Generally, at the fixed grate incinerator the above concetration keeps less o. 7g/ Nm³ with the M. C., and at the most continuous incinerators, it keeps less 0.1.-0.2 g/Nm³ with E. P.
The report added the description of toxious gasses and heavy metals.

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The cognition for dealing with the radioactive waste has reached the waste management concept through the treatment and disposal from the simple disposal of the early stage. In nuclear-electric power generatian system, many sorts of radioactive waste are generated from not only power stations but their related nuclear fuel cycle facilities. Two technical objectives have to be aimed in the waste treatment step: one is diminution of the release rate of radioactivity into the environment in fluid form and the other is conditioning (solidification and packaging) of volume-reduced or concentrated wastes including both the solid waste and wastes originated from the decommissioning of nuclear facilities. In this moment, endeavors dedicated for the diminution of release rate gives fairly good performances based on the “As Low As Practicable” principle, but for the conditioning. Hereafter, much efforts will be concentrated on the following aspects, for example, diminution of amount of the wastes to be solidified or packaged, realization of high volume reduction, and establishing the appropriate guidelines for packaging together with the consolidation of responsibility and financial liability.

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The catalytic oxidation of NO has been investigated over metal catalysts supported on γ-alumina.
The Sequence of activities for NO oxidation is as follows under the conditions of NO 500ppm, O₂ 5.0 vol%, SV 18, 000hr^-1 and reaction temperature 250°C.
Pt>Mn>Cr>Co>Ni>Cu>Fe>V>Zn>Mo, W The extent of NO oxidation is depressed over Pt, Mn, Cr alumina catalysts by the addition of 2.0 vol% of CO to the NO (500ppm)-O₂ (5.0 vol%) reaction system. On the other hand, the extent of NO oxidation over Co-alumina catalyst increases with an increase of CO concentration.
It is suggested that the beginning temperature of NO oxidation in the NO-O₂-COreaction system is affected by that of CO oxidation.
CO₂ formed by CO oxidation shows no influence on the oxidation of NO.

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As descrided in the previous paper, the reaction rates of sulfur oxide with calcium oxide partices in combustion gas were varied with various reaction conditions. The effects of the reaction conditions were discussed in this paper at the view point of the characteristics on the decreasing tendencies of the reaction rates along with the progresses of the reactions.
Their results sre concluded as follows.
(1) Somewhat higher reaction rates were odtained at the deginning of the reactions when the limestone was injected into combustion gases but the decrease of the reaction rates were more rapid with the progresses of the reactions.
(2) The reason that the Tokunoshima limestone had highest calcium oxide utilization is caused dy the more slight decrease of the reaction rate compared with the other limestones.
(3) The activity of the calcium oxide for the reaction with sulfur dioxide may de depended on the surfaca area and the deffect of the calcium oxide lattice.
(4) The surface area of limestone particles are considered to be the sum of the particles. The increase of the surface area by calcination means the increase of internal surface area of the panicles. The internal surface area of the particles decreases with the progress of the reaction with sulfur dioxide. The higher decreasing tendencied are obtained with decreasing the particle size of calcium oxide.

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Tke distribution of hydrogen in Hokkaido coal asphaltene was determined by IR and High Resolution NMR Spectroscopy. Asphaltene is an intermediate product in coal hydrogention and is considered to inherit to a certain extent the chemical structure of raw coal. The ratio of extinction coefficient of bands of aromatic CH group and aliphatic CH group ε_ar/ε_al, was calculated.
The value of ε_ar/ε_al and hydrogen distribution of Hokkado coals and derivatives were discussed. The results are summarized as follows:
(1) A markedly qualitative difference in IR spectra of Hokkaido coals of different ranks, asphaltenes (soluble in benzene but insoluble in n-hexane) and pyridinesolubles (insoluble inbenzene) from hydrogenated Hokkaido coals was not found. However, the aromatic CH stretchingband at 3030cm^-1 not found in the spectra of coals with a carbon content below 78.4% (Horonai coal) was found in the spectrum of Oyubari coal (C: 85.6%), and in the spectra ofall asphltenes and pyridine-solubles regardless of the rank of raw coal used as starting material.
(2) Analyzing Hokkaido coal asphaltenes by High Resolution NMR Spectroscopy, the ratios of the aromatic hydrogen to the total hydrogen (H_ar) areca. 0.24-0.41, while those of hydrogn insaturated groups α to aromatic rings (H_α) are Ca. 0.24-0.33, and those of the hydrogen of paraffinic methylene, methenyl, and naphthenes or methylene groups, β or further from an aromatic ring, (Ho) are ca.0.30-0.50. The ratios of the aromatic hydrogen to the aliphatic hydrogen (H_ar/H_al) are 0.31-0.70.
(3) The ratios of the extinction coefficient of the aromatic CH stretching band at 3030 cm^-1 to the aliphatic CH stretching band at 2920 cm^-1 of Hokkaido coal asphaltenes, ε_ar/ε_al, were 0.02-0.24 when IR spectra were measured using the potassium bromide technique. These values are smaller than those proposed by Brown and Francis, respectively 0.5 and 0.44.
(4) It was clarified that ε_ar/ε_al of Hokkado coal asphaltenes was related to the chemical structure of raw coal and asphaltene, especially ear/eal was closest to the atomic ratio H/C of asphaltene. Estimating ear/sal of each raw coal by extrapolating to the value of the atomicratio H/C of raw coal, these values are 0.05-0.32 which are also smaller than the valuesproposed by Brown and Francis. Thus, we may determine Har/Hal of pyridine-solubles containing a insoluble part in pyridine at room temperature by using the value of ear/sal in this report.

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Japanese coals generally rank among species with a carbon content lower than 85%. Therefore their infra-red spectra have characteristic pattern at near 3000cm^-1 as compared with the spectra of foreign coals which are generally advanced as to their degree of coalification. Consequently, it is assumed that various difficulties are encountered in the estimation of the ratio of aromatic and aliphatic hydrogen content, H_ar/H_al, by means of Brown's method on IR spectral analysis. In this paper, thus an estimation using other IR method to be suitable for coals having a lower rank than 85% carbon was made.
The content ratio of aromatic and aliphatic hydrogen of pyridine extracts of Hokkaido coals were measured by Brown's method using IR spectral analysis. The results of IR analysis were considerably lower in comparison with the values of high resolution NMR analysis. on the other hand, there were a fairly good linear relation between the peak intensities of the absorption band at 2920cm-1 on IR spectra and the contents of aliphatic hydrogen estimated from NMR analyses on pyridine extracts from coals.
On 11 Hokkaido coals and 16 coal samples donated by the Coal Mining Research Center, measurement of the contents of aliphatic hydrogen were attempted by means of IR analyses as well as using the relationship mentioned above, under the assumption that the latter would be applicable to coal and thereafter the contents of aromatic hydrogen were calculated.
The structural parameters of aromaticity fa and the number of aromatic condensed rings Rn were calculated from the contents of aromatic and aliphatic hydrogen which were obtained by IR analysis and elementary analysis. The values of fa varied in a range from 0.70 to 0.77 in coals with a carbon content lower than 86% and in coals ranking higher, a rapid increase in values from 0.71 to 0.88 was seen. Aromatic ring number Rn is a single ring on peat and lignite and 2 to 4 rings in a range 73 to 86% carbon content and 5 to 7 rings in coals with a carbon content between 87 and 91%.

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