燃料協会誌
Online ISSN : 2185-226X
Print ISSN : 0369-3775
ISSN-L : 0369-3775
56 巻, 8 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1~8を表示しています
  • 市川 道雄
    1977 年 56 巻 8 号 p. 643-644
    発行日: 1977/08/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 藤田 秀雄
    1977 年 56 巻 8 号 p. 645-656
    発行日: 1977/08/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    After the oil crisis in 1973, it has become more important matter than ever to save the energy consumption in every field, and nowadays this matter is taken into account most seriously especially for the internal combustion engines.
    The major trends of the technical progress and developments in the internal combustion engines have been concentrated to the realization of the following problems;
    (1) Enhancing the power rate of the engines to improve their economic characteristics by reducing the production cost per output of the engines.
    (2) Reducing the fuel consumption of the engines to improve their economic characteristics by cutting down the heat energy consumed.
    (3) Rationalizing the selection and arrangements of the main engines and auxilially equipments to realize the higher economy as the whole system of the plant.
    (4) Enhancing the reliability and durability of the engines to make the maintenance cost as economically as passible.
    (5) Incorporating the modern automation system in the engine room to improve the environmental conditions and successfully to preserve such better conditions for engine operotors and also for other people.
    This paper involves mainly a recent technical view on the above problems relating to the internal combustion engines for marine use and land use as well.
  • 鳥羽 安三, 荻須 吉洋, 河村 良男
    1977 年 56 巻 8 号 p. 657-665
    発行日: 1977/08/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Relation between NO formation and the condition of combustion in the experimental small size fluidized-bed combustor was studied using sub-bituminous coal which contains relatively high volatile matter.
    Greater part of NO in the flue gas is supposed to be converted from fuel nitrogen because the reaction temperature is relatively low, but the ratio of nitrogen that converted to NO and the total fuel nitrogen is 10-20% and this is in low level. This low level conversion ratio is supposed to be because of lack of uniformity in the combustion chamber.
    Formation of NO has intimate relation with the O2 concentration in the flue gas. In the region that O2 concentration is 2-10%, NO formation (calculated NO at O2=0%) increases with increase of O2 concentration.
    To supply the secondary air into the free board region is very effective to destroy CO and unburned HC in the flue gas, and this causes a little increase in NO formation.
  • 沈でんバナジウムーアルミナ触媒上でのNO-NH3反応に影響を与える操作因子
    藤元 薫, 鹿田 勉, 功刀 泰碩, 冨永 博夫
    1977 年 56 巻 8 号 p. 666-673
    発行日: 1977/08/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Operational factors affecting the abatement of nitric oxide in flue gases by ammonia on precipitated vanadium-alumina catalysts were studied. Oxygen in the gas phase accelerated NO conversion rate, and one mole of NO reacted with one mole of ammonia in the presence of oxygen. Sulfur dioxide and steam showed a little adverse effect on the reaction rate but still more than 99% conversion of NO was attained at 250°C under the practicable reaction condition. However, in the presence of sulfur dioxide, the catalyst support (alumina) reacted with ammonium bisulfate produced on the catalyst giving rise to a gradual decline of the catalytic activity.
  • 再生フミン酸と炭酸エチレンの反応
    吉田 久良, 三木 敏晴, 有田 静児
    1977 年 56 巻 8 号 p. 674-680
    発行日: 1977/08/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The reaction of ethylene carbonate with the regenerated humic acid prepared from Takamatsu coal (C: 75.7%) by oxidation with nitric acid has been investigated.
    Hydroxyethylation of humic acid with ethylene carbonate easily occured and carboxyl group and phenolic hydroxy group in humic acid were converted into ester and ether, respectively.
    In the case of alkali (Na2CO3) catalyst, the formation of polyether followed after hydroxyethylation of humic acid. In the case of acid (H2SO4) catalyst, the crosslinkage formation through ethylene group occured after hydroxyethylation of humic acid.
    Humic acid became insoluble in an aqueous alkali solution by reaction with ethylene carbonate. In the case of acid catalyst, it was possible to obtain the product which was insoluble in an aqueous alkali solution but retained the most part of acidic group of the original regenerated humic acid.
    The reaction products showed a strong absorption band at 1, 250cm-1 (C-O-C stretching vibration of ester) in IR spectrum so that the carboxyl group in the regenerated humic acid is considered to be the aromatic carboxyl group.
  • 再生フミン酸のカルシウム, マグネシウムおよびナトリウム塩の熱分解によるアルカリ不溶フミン酸系イオン交換体の製造
    三木 敏晴, 吉田 久良, 有田 静児, 中川 雅直, 中山 義博
    1977 年 56 巻 8 号 p. 681-685
    発行日: 1977/08/20
    公開日: 2011/02/23
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to obtain an alkali insoluble ion exchanger from the regenerated humic acid prepared by oxidation of Miike coal with nitric acid, pyrolysis of metal salts of the regenerated humic acid has been investigated.
    By heating Ca and Mg salts of the regenerated humic acid at 300°C for 1 hr in a stream of nitrogen, the pyrolyzed products became insoluble in an alkaline solution of pH 11. But the amount of carboxyl group (determined by Ca (CH3COO) 2 method) in the regenerated humic acid decreased only from 3.2meq/g to 2.2meq/g by the pyrolysis of Ca salt of regenerated humic acid.
    The ion exchange capacity of the pyrolyzed product was not less than that of the original regenerated hurnic acid. Therefore, this pyrolyzed product can be used as an ion exchanger for treatment of the alkaline waste water containing heavy metal ions.
  • 佐野 寛, 遠山 一郎
    1977 年 56 巻 8 号 p. 686-692
    発行日: 1977/08/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study concerns with a basic research on NOx emission from flames of the fuels consisted of H2 and various typical hydrocarbons (CH4, C3H8, C3H6, C2H2).
    The NOx emission from H2 flame significantly decreased with an increase of airpremixing, in contrast with ordinary hydrocarbons which give the more NOx emission by the more air-premixing.
    Without air premixing, linear relationships between the logarithum of NOx level and the H2 equivalence fraction in the mixed fuel were found. There are some extent of advantageous feature of mixing combustion of H2 with some hydrocarbons for the NOx depression. By a small addition of C3H8 to H2 for example, the NOx level easily decreased by 200-300ppm.
    On the other hand in highly air-premixed combustion, H2 flame was extremely lower in NOx emission than every hydrocarbons in these experiments. In these cases the addition of hydrocabon to H2 always caused an increase of the emission of NOx.
  • 1977 年 56 巻 8 号 p. 707
    発行日: 1977年
    公開日: 2011/02/23
    ジャーナル フリー
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