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Volume 57, Issue 3
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1978 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 151-152
Published: March 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (415K) -
Makoto Matsumura1978 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 153-166
Published: March 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSYNOPSIS;-Improvement of unit energy consumption. Complete utilization of energy-intensive products. Scope of energy conservation and related engineering techniques. Energy saving schemes for existing plants. Examples of energy conservation related to petroleum refining.View full abstractDownload PDF (1802K) -
Kenji Masuda1978 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 167-181
Published: March 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSYNOPSIS: This is a summary report of my address at “The 63rd Cokes Conference” held in October, 1977, in which some observations on metallugical coking coal in Japanese steel industry is expressed on the following subjects.
1. Demand and supply situation of metallurgical coking coal in the nation's steel industry.
2. The price of coal in past, present and future.
3. Metallugical coking coal from new coal mines which are going to be developed.
4. The advanced technology of coal utilization in steel industry.
5. The policy of coal purchase in future.View full abstractDownload PDF (1680K) -
Shinichi Yokoyama, Takeshi Okutani, Shigeru Ueda, Yoshinori Nakata, Ta ...1978 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 182-189
Published: March 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSYNOPSIS: The liquefaction of Soya Koishi coal with carbon monoxide and water was studied using an autoclave at 400°C. The yield, chemical structure and molecular weight of the product and the reaction rate were examined. The reaction behavior and mechanism of liquefaction with carbon monoxide and water were compared with that with hydrogen.
The results were summarized as follows.
(1) The rate of reaction with carbon monoxide and water was faster than that with hydrogen.
(2) In the reaction with carbon monoxide and water, the direct production of oil from coal and the consecutive reaction of coal-Tyridine soluble-, asphaltene-oil took place in parallel. The rates of both reactions were rapid. On the other hand, in the reaction with hydrogen, the direct production of oil from coal proceeded mainly in the initial stage (up to the reaction time of 20min) and the rate was rapid. A consecutive reaction took place in the later stage and the rate was slow. It was ascertained that coal liquefaction wifn carbon monoxide and water proceeded more readily than that with hydrogen.
(3) It was considered that coal liquefaction with carbon monoxide and water was due to hydrogenation with activated hydrogen produced by the water-gas shift.(4) From the results of analysis of chemical structure of reaction products, it became apparent that the main reaction in the liquefaction was the destruction of ether- oxygen-bond between the structural units. The ring-opening reaction of aromatic rings did not take place. In addition, it was found that an introduction of alkyl groups into the reaction products also took place.
(5) The mean number of aromatic condensed rings of the structural unit of the main portion of Soya Koishi coal was 2-3.View full abstractDownload PDF (1016K) -
Residence time and Reaction rate of PyrolysisToshiji Abe, Hiroshi Ando, Osamu Inomata, Sadao Matsuzawa, Yukio Shimi ...1978 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 190-196
Published: March 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSYNOPSIS: Several kinds of plastics were pyrolyzed with the continuous pyrolyzer equipped with twin screws. The residence time in the pyrolyzer was measured by determination of sulfur in the product oils ; phenothiazine was added in the feed plastics as sulphur source and then the rate of pyrolysis reaction was tried to be cal-culated. But the calculation of reaction rate has been unsuccessful because of the variable state of fused plastics in the screw cylinder. The calculation was made by the following two methods: 1) the difference of the residence time at various feed rate and 2) the residence time at 30 rpm rotation rate of screws.
The yield curves of low boiling products has a minimum point within the range of rotation rate 5-12 rpm in the case of pyrolysis of polystyrene at 600°C. The reasons for this phenomenon were discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (792K) -
Akira Iwama, Takeo Saito, Shoichiro Aoyagi, Hiroki Ishida, Motoo Kimur ...1978 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 197-209
Published: March 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSYNOPSIS: -Single droplet combustion of oil-in-water: (0/W), water-in-oil (W /0) emulsified fuels and mixtures of emulsified heavier oils and coal powders (COM) has been studied in a quiescent air atmosphere, with the aid of high speed motion pictures.
Singular phenomena, microexplosion and disintegration occurring at the later stage of burning, with which better atomization and enhancement of apparent burning rate may be attained, ware discussed on their mechanisms. The data of differential scanning calorimetry, differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry for emulsified fuels suggest the temperature of microexplosion occurrence. No microexplosion was observed with emulsified n-heptane and n-Octane whereas it was observed with emulsified JP-4, kerosene, gas oil and heavy fuel oil. Based on surface chemistry consideration and experimental observations, it is concluded that a critical condition for realizing microexplosion is the boiling point of hydrocarbon components exceeding that of water.
A comparison of the combustion aspects among 0/W and W/0 emulsion fuels and COM is made.View full abstractDownload PDF (3211K)
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