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59 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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宮津 隆1980 年 59 巻 2 号 p. 75
発行日: 1980/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (239K) -
菊地 英一, 荒西 康彦, 小泉 明正1980 年 59 巻 2 号 p. 76-85
発行日: 1980/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe advances in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis are reviewed from a viewpoint on the development of new type catalysts. The reaction mechanisms and kinetics are briefly described to lead the Schulz-Flory molecular weight distribution. The product distributions from metal-catalyzed synthesis and the carrier effect are discussed on the basis of the Schulz-Flory equation. Finally it describes the recent efforts to develop the new type catalyst which gives a peculiar selectivity for the specified product distribution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1450K) -
石油ピッチコークスによる水蒸気含有排ガス中のNOxの接触還元吉田 高年, 木原 幹夫, 植野 禎夫, 越谷 仁哉1980 年 59 巻 2 号 p. 86-93
発行日: 1980/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーNitric oxide was successfully removed 98-100% by the nonselective reducing process of petroleum pitch coke, in waste gas containing NO 190 ppm, at space velocity 10, 000-30, 000hr-1, reaction temperature 1, 000°C.
This elimination method is especially suitable for waste gas containing small amount of ‘excess oxygen’, e. g. steam-power station. Excess oxygen wastes much petroleum pitch coke.
CO and COS in waste gas may be oxidized to CO2, SO2 by catalytic combustion by use of secondary air.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1094K) -
塚島 寛, 加藤 勉, 車 哲治, 真田 雄三, 伊藤 光臣1980 年 59 巻 2 号 p. 94-102
発行日: 1980/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe present report deals with carbonization of ethylated product of Yubari coal at 400 and 500°C, <20 and 1000 kg/Cm2 of nitrogen for 5 h. in order to obtain the needle like coke.
Temperature and pressure effects to the ethylated product were at first investigated, then compared with those to the natural coal. The variance analyses (two-way layout) were applied to the various data such as the specific extinction coefficient K of carbonization products at each IR absorption band and the solubility of them in benzene and pyridine, and then it was found that benzene extract yield of carbonization products were only affected by temperature differences between 400 and 500°C, while pyridine extract yield affected by these interaction as well as temperature and pressure (significance at 1%, respectively)
Microscopic observation for carbonization products under the normal pressure of methylated- and ethylated products from Yubari coal and Taiheiyo coal, showed that mesophase did not exist in them. These findings suggested that alkyl groups introduced evolved up to ca. 370°C and did not contribute the f ormation of mesophase. Furthermore, mean structure of pyridine extracts of carbonization products were also discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1255K) -
佐藤 志美雄, 橋本 孝雄, 森田 穰1980 年 59 巻 2 号 p. 103-110
発行日: 1980/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーMany investigations of coal hydrogenation have heen carried out with batch autoclaves operated under non-isothermal conditions. Kinetics of the reaction, however, has been analyzed in a way similar to that for isothermal reaction.
1) This report points out that there are some cases where such analysis can not give us correct values of rate constants.
2) Therefore, theexperimental rgsults of the hydrogenation with batch autoclaves must be regarded as non-isothermal data, and should be analyzed as such. An analytical method, which can treat non-isothermal data, is proposed. Results so far studied by the conventional way were analyzed by the new one to obtain the values of the kinetic parameters in rate equations. Simulation of the reaction by these values gave good agreement with the experimental results.
3) Reaction characteristics under the experimental condition in the reports discussed can be explained by the following mechanism: (1) Coal1→Oil (2) Coal2→Asphaltene→Oil. Thus far it has been unknown what kind of component in starting coal would contribute to the individual reactions. According to the analyzed results obtained here, the former and the latter reactions seem to correspond mainly to the oil formations from volatile matter and fixed carbon components, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1239K) -
セルロースの水素化分解広沢 邦男, 森田 幹雄1980 年 59 巻 2 号 p. 111-119
発行日: 1980/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーIn an attempt to convert urban organic wastes to gas and oil, hydrocracking of cellulose as a model substance was studied, using a batch autoclave, to determine the active catalyst and to elucidate the effects of reaction conditions on the hydrocracking and properties of hydrocracked products. As the results, Na2CO3-NiO (1: 2) mixed catalyst was f ound to be most active for the hydrocracking, among metal oxides and metal chloride tested, under the presence of the same amount of water as that of the sample. In the presence of this mixed catalyst and water, cellulose was hydrocracked effectively to gas and oils above the temperature of 250°C at the initial hydrogen pressure of 50 kg/cm2. The conversion into ethanol-solubles of cellulose was nearly 100 wt% at 350°C for 3 hrs. under the initial hydrogen pressure of 50kg/cm2. As the hydrocracked products, 27 wt% of gaseous product and about 30 wt% of oily products, which were composed of water-soluble components and water-insoluble components, were obtained. The gaseous product consisted of CH4 (49.9mol%), C2H6 (2.8mol%), C3H8 (3.1mol%), C4H10 (2.1mol%), CO (9.8mol%) and CO2 (32.0mol%) and the heat of combustion was about 9, 000 Kcal/Nm3. The water-soluble aldehyde, methyl ethyl confirmed to be acetone, acetaldehyde, ethanol, propanol, propion components were ether, cyclopentanone, butanol, cyclohexanone and cyclopentanol.
The water-insoluble oily products were found to be composed with a number of components and its combustion heat was about 7, 000 Kcal/Kg.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1127K) -
燃料の燃焼性および燃料組成熊谷 礼司, 大井 明彦, 青山 兵五郎, 土本 皓二, 八巻 直臣1980 年 59 巻 2 号 p. 120-128
発行日: 1980/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of variation in fuel composition on combustion quality in a modified-CFR engine has been studied with twelve kinds of unleaded test fuels. The modified-CFR engine at a fixed engine speed and load was mainly used under lean conditions of air-fuel ratios. The combustion quality of the fuels was evaluated by measuring three parameters, maximum temperature of combustion gas (Tmax), maximum pressure (Pmax) and flame propagation time (tImax), which represented the combustion quality.
It was found that the parameters were expressed as a f unction of excess air ratio, λ, but at fixed λ values they varied largely from fuel to fuel. The aromatic and olefinic content of the fuels correlated with Tmax over a range of λ varied, Pmax at λ=1.1 and tImax at λ=1.0. Similar results were obtained in terms of atomic hydrogen to carbon ratio of the fuels. It was estimated that an engine power increased with decreasing 50% evaporated-temperatures of the fuels.
It was concluded that the fuel of which the aromatic and olefinic content was small and the 50% evaporated-temperature was low was desired in consideration of engine power-up and NO emission control at a lean mixture such as λ=1.2.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1146K) -
内田 洋, 井筒 和一郎, 津留 義通, 河田 達也, 寺崎 太二郎1980 年 59 巻 2 号 p. 129-136
発行日: 1980/02/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーLiquid redox desulfurization by Takahax Process where absorption and redox reaction take place simultaneously in a packed column has been studied in alaboratory apparatus and a commercial plant. The experimental results by the laboratory apparatus indicated that the redox reaction has a large influence in the desulfurization efficiency. It was also shown that the waste gas containing 1.4% H2S at 1, 100 Nm3/hr flow rate was desulfurized completely in the commercial plant.
This process consists of nothing more than a packed column, a filter press and a solution pump.Consequently, this process is more economical for desulfurization of waste gas, Claus tail gas and waste fermentation gas.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1167K)
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