燃料協会誌
Online ISSN : 2185-226X
Print ISSN : 0369-3775
ISSN-L : 0369-3775
63 巻, 11 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1~11を表示しています
  • わが国の石炭研究に想う
    本田 英昌
    1984 年 63 巻 11 号 p. 899
    発行日: 1984/11/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 江木 博志, 松下 央
    1984 年 63 巻 11 号 p. 900-906
    発行日: 1984/11/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The FBB has been in commertial operation. We've already had 5 experiances of control and instrumentation of the FBB. The TOSDIC Distributed System meets the various needs of FBB, posed by fullfledged digital instrumentation systems for merger of continuous and sequential control, panelless instrumentation with advanced man-machine interfaces and softwareless operation.
  • 佐鳥 聡夫
    1984 年 63 巻 11 号 p. 907-914
    発行日: 1984/11/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Coal liquefaction is one of the most difficult processes for instrumentation. This paper describes technical problems and their countermeasures on direct liquefaction and solvent refining processes which operate under severe conditions.
    A critical area of the process exsists between a coal slurry pump and a letdown valve where temperatures and pressures are extremely high. The rest of the process can be served by conventional instruments.
    The difficulties of the process are due to high temperatures of up to 460t, high pressures of up to 300 bar, and clogging plus abrasion of coal solvent slurries. High viscosity and nonNewtonian nature of the slurries also create problems.
    In the critical area, there seem to be no significant problems on temperature and pressure measurements: conventional products can be used with a few modifications.
    Level in a gas liquid separator can be measured with a displacer, gamma ray level meter or dip tube with hydrogen purge.
    The dip tube appears to be most practical although this system has a risk of clogged purge line in case of source pressure failure.
    Regarding flow measurement, no flowmeter is satisfactory for high temperature, high pressure slurries. A venturi with solvent purge is the only usable type for the time being, although its accuracy is extremely poor. There used to be various ideas on letdown valve design, but an angle valve with tungsten carbide trim seems to have become most popular.
    Basic instrumentation for coal liquefaction plant can be done with instruments modified from conventional products: no exotic instruments are needed.
  • 森山 峻
    1984 年 63 巻 11 号 p. 915-921
    発行日: 1984/11/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The author explains as follows based on his experiences on developments of DDC, solid gas two phase injection processes, pulverized coal injection system into blast furnaces, coke and oxygen injection into calcium carbide electric furnace, high pressure gasifier and moved bed gravity flow injection system etc.
    For the coal gasifier, a boardless instrumentation is needed for quick responce of improvement of control against improvement of the process, an inflexible control board (ICB) is needed for labour saving of the improvement of instrumentation and a brain saved software package is needed for the control CAD on a multi variable control system of the multi variable process.
    He also expresses a mass flow meter using high frequency noise sensor without sensing hole developed by him is required for high pressure high temperature injection into coal gasifier based on moved bed gravity flow injection process.
  • 細江 尚夫, 太田 康成, 渡辺 金之助
    1984 年 63 巻 11 号 p. 922-931
    発行日: 1984/11/20
    公開日: 2011/02/23
    ジャーナル フリー
    There would be no in-line particle size analizers for coal processes in the world now. We developed tow types for another processes. One of them is for cement finish mills and the other is for flour mills.
    Sieve Powsizer is for the flour mills, which uses sieves to classify powders from the processes and to measure grain size or grain size distribution. It is used to control the mills, too. If the sieve is replaced by other sieve to fit the coal processes, it could become suitable to the coal processes.
    Turbo Powsizer adopts one point classification method for cement and has the software to elucidate the interrelation between the Blain Value and the value gained by the method. It could be useful for the coal processes, too.
  • 宮内 克之
    1984 年 63 巻 11 号 p. 932-937
    発行日: 1984/11/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    CHINO WORKS, LTD. has recently commercialized an infrared absorption type moisture meter utilizing three wavelengths to meet a longtime demand for measuring coal moisture with high accuracy in an on-line system.
    It is applicable to coals whose particles are less than 3mm diameter in grain size when digged out coal was crushed into particles by a crusher. Its major specifications are as designated below.
    Moisture measuring range: 2-12% H2O
    Measuring distance: 300mm
    Accuracy: About ± 0.5% H2O in case of the surface moisture when the measuring diameter is 50mmφ.
    Since the calibration curve differs according to brands, it should be previously stored into the computer before starting the moisture measurement.
  • 小野寺 次郎
    1984 年 63 巻 11 号 p. 938-946
    発行日: 1984/11/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    On-line analysis of ash and sulphur contents in ROM and products is very important on the coal preparation plant operation, not only for the optimization of the coal process control but also as the counterplan to the environmental requirements which may become more restrictive in the near future; namely coal process has a variety of disturbances which cause significant short-term changes in the coal quality and in the preparation results.
    In this article, present techniques and future trends of ash monitors and sulphur gauges developed so far are briefly surveyed.
  • 石坂 公一, 松本 辰夫, 田中 弘明, 泰 顕, 渡辺 金之助
    1984 年 63 巻 11 号 p. 947-956
    発行日: 1984/11/20
    公開日: 2011/02/23
    ジャーナル フリー
    Grinding, classifing and blending coal are major processes which need many kinds of flow meters for powder and bulk solids. The flow meters, also, are necessary to feed pulverized coal instead of heavy oil.
    The report divides them into inferential and possitive types. The former's characters are smaller, lighter, cheaper and more suitable to processes and flow control. The typical one is Impactline Flow Meter. The latter is larger and more complicated, and needs larger space for installation. Belt scales, however, fit to measure flow of lump and Stopless Flow Meters are as accurate as hopper scales and smaller than them.
    Impact-hi and Loss of weight system for feeding pulverized coal accurately are introduced comparing features of both. Pneumaliue Flow Meter is also explained as a flow meter for solid-gas two phase flow.
  • 佐鳥 聡夫
    1984 年 63 巻 11 号 p. 957-965
    発行日: 1984/11/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Coal slurries are found in the forms of CWM (Coal Water mixture), COM (Coal Oil Mixture), Coal Solvent Mixture and Coal Methanol Mixture.
    Basic requirements for slurry flowmeters are: no pocket to clog in the housing, no moving parts to wear and simple flow path to minimize pressure loss.
    CWM can be easily measured by electromagnetic flowmeters.
    Positive displacement meters modified to handle coal slurries have been proven succesful for COM flow measurements with good accuracy.
    Coal Solvent Mixture in coal liquefaction plant is the most difficult fluid to measure because of high temperature and high pressure. A venturi with solvent purge seems to be the type available for the time being, although its accuracy is not satisfactory.
    Coal Methanol Mixture may be handled by Micro Motion mass flow meter using Coriolis effect.
    Other type flow maters such as ultrasonic wave and microwave have many technical problems to be solved before reaching practical stage.
  • 山本 久夫
    1984 年 63 巻 11 号 p. 966-974
    発行日: 1984/11/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    As for the important factors in the measurement of flame temperature in a pulverized coal fired furnace, the characteristics of furnace, components of flue gas, characteristics of flame itself, heat flux conditions of furnace wall, particles in flue gas etcare reviewed based on the actual data.
    Then the merits, demerits and present status are explained for various temperature measuring methods from conventional ones such as thermocouple, suction pyrometer, optical pyrometer, colour eye, and radiative pyrometer to the latest ones which are tried in laboratories such as Na-D ray, Raman, CARS, radiation absorption, and holographic methods.
    Future technology, such as temperature distribution measuring method by computer tomography is also demonstrated.
  • 大塚 馨象
    1984 年 63 巻 11 号 p. 975-983
    発行日: 1984/11/20
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The methods of measuring dust content in flue gas are specified by Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS Z-8808). A standard method is the dust tube and filter paper method. This is based on manual gravimetric procedures which make continuous measurement impossible. A continuous monitor, therefore, is required for controlling the operating conditions of boilers and dust collectors.
    On line measuring of dust concentration can be achieved by light schattering, light transmittance and quantity of electrostatic charge. In United States, opacity is introduced to evaluate dust emission from stationary sources, is relative to the light transmittance.
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