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63 巻, 9 号
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佐藤 豪1984 年 63 巻 9 号 p. 735
発行日: 1984/09/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (209K) -
田口 三夫1984 年 63 巻 9 号 p. 736-747
発行日: 1984/09/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーJapan relies on crude oil imports for most of its energy require-ments. For such a nation, efforts to lower its dependence on oil as much as possible is an important project closely related to socio-conomic development.
Nuclear power has a number of advantages, including great effects as a replace-ment for oil, some features of a “semi-fomestic” energy source, and high economic efficiency.
For this reason, it has been considered the most important alternative energy source and has played a leading role in providing Japan's energy security.
For the future, the nation and public utilities are firmly determined to carry out additional nuclear power projects, while making further efforts to improve the safety, reliability, and economy of nuclear facilities continuously and stimulate the local economies surrounding nuclear plants jointly with area residents.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1694K) -
ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーによる各種溶剤可溶分の分別加藤 勉, 三宅 博之, 厚主 文弘, 塚島 寛1984 年 63 巻 9 号 p. 748-762
発行日: 1984/09/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーIn cases of carring out investigation on the solubilization mechanism of coals, and of also making highly utilization of soluble products of coals as fuel and chemicals, it is desirable for us to obtain more detailed information about soluble product from coal.
Structural parameters and others of six solvent-fractionation products which were fractionated by GPC, were examined and compared.
Asphaltenes prepared from methylated Yubari and Taiheiyo coals contained components of number average molecular weight having 20400 and 32600, respectively.
As to Taiheiyo coal, solvent-fractionation products differed markedly with regard to their molecular weights (MW. range, 390-47600), but HS (nexane sol.), CS (Cyclohexane sol.), ES (Ethanol sol.), AS (Acetone sol.), EAS (Ethyl acetate sol.), and DS (Dioxane sol.) nevertheless resembled closely one another in structural unit weight, M (Us), and CS, ES, AS, EAS, and DS in the degree of condensation in aromatic ring, Hau/Ca.
In general CS, AS, EAS, and DS of Taiheiyo coal consisted of 1-2 aromatic ring with aliphatic side chain carbons, whereas those of Yubari coal, 2-3 aromatic rings with 5-9 aliphatic side chain carbons.
Moreover structural characteristics of each solvent-fractionation product were discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1529K) -
永石 博志, 守富 寛, 真田 雄三, 千葉 忠俊1984 年 63 巻 9 号 p. 763-767
発行日: 1984/09/20
公開日: 2011/02/23
ジャーナル フリーEffects of selenium and red-mud/selenium catalysts were examined on liquefaction of Taiheiyo coal mainly under hydrogen pressure of 10.1 MPa at 723K. It has been shown that in naphthalene/hydrogen system both selenium and red-mud/selenium catalysts give higher yields of pyridine solubles and benzen solubles by enhancing hydrogen transfer from gas phase to liquids than those obtained in tetralin/ hydrogen system without catalysts. In addition, the activity of selenium as a catalyst and as a mutual promoter of red-mud is higher than that of sulfur.
Experiments were also made on liquefaction of Big Brown lignite using selenium dioxide catalyst to compare the selectivity of the catalyst with those of conventional liquefaction catalysts. These catalysts are classfied roughly into two types. One is the type which promotes the production of asphaltenes and oils, while another enhances that of water and gases. The selenium dioxide catalyst belongs to the former.
It is thus concluded that selenium and selenium dioxide are effective on hydro-genation reaction of solvent during initial stage of coal liquefaction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (544K) -
斉藤 郁夫, 伊牟田 和敏, 山川 敏雄1984 年 63 巻 9 号 p. 768-774
発行日: 1984/09/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーHydrotreating of a blend of 25 percent SRC (derived from Miike Coal) and 75 percent Creosote Oil has been studied using batch autoclave under the various conditions. The result obtained here can be summarized as follows
1) HI and BI conversions increase with an increase in reaction temperature, time and hydrogen initial pressure. Polymerization reaction of products, observed in the hydrotreating of SRC without solvent, is not observed in this study.
2) Sulfur removal is from 65 to 90 percent and Nitrogen removal is from 10 to 28 percent.
3) Yield of light fraction can be increased by using hydrogen donor solvent.
4) Ni/Mo/Al2O3 catalyst is the most effective for hydrogenation of this filtrate, but Co/Mo/Al2O3 is better for sulfur removal.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (795K) -
出原 久嗣, 北原 彰, 西田 清二1984 年 63 巻 9 号 p. 775-780
発行日: 1984/09/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe deposition of carbon on the chamber wall brings many prob-lems to the coke oven operation. In the present paper the amounts of carbon deposi-tion of 24 coals and petroleum pitches were determined by the weight increase of alumina ball in the secondary pyrolitic furnace above the coking furnace with 300g coal charge. The factor affecting the carbon deposition was studied and the following results were obtained.
(1) The amounts of carbon deposition of coals and petroleum pitches could not be explained by quantity of volatile matter alone, but proportional to the multi-plied products of that and quality parameter as indicated by carbon contents in volatile matter except CO and CO2.
(2) The main source of carbon deposition in volatile matter was considered to be tar, but partially formed from hydrocarbon gas.
(3) When coal and petroleum pitch was blended, a similar value of carbon depo-sition was obtained with that calculated from each coal and petroleum pitch.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (545K) -
稲葉 敦, 三木 啓司, 佐藤 芳樹, 山川 敏雄1984 年 63 巻 9 号 p. 781-789
発行日: 1984/09/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーTaiheiyo-coal was liquefied in a tubular reactor at 350°C-425°C under 14.8 MPa of hydrogen pressure without catalyst. The residence time of coal slurry in the isothermal section of reactor was 2-47 minutes.
At 350°C, the amount of gaseous products was independent on the reaction time and 80 wt% of them was carbondioxide. At higher temperature than 350°C, the pro-duction of methane severely increased with the reaction time. Under these experi-mental conditions, Taiheiyo-coal converted rapidly to the pyridine soluble matter even at low temperature. But extracts of Taiheiyo-coal were hardly hydrocracked to vac-uum distilled oil.
On the whole, the experimental results showed that the products of liquefaction at the short residence time were mainly SRC and small amount of gaseous products. The characteristics of SRC, however, did not changed in these experimental condi-tions抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (939K) -
黒田 武文1984 年 63 巻 9 号 p. 790-799
発行日: 1984/09/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe city gas calorie conversion from conventional city gas (5, 000 kcal/Nm3) to natural gas (11, 000kcal/Nm3) of which dominant source is LNG has been progressing since 1972 by Tokyo Gas Company in order to keep stable gas distribution. It has already completed to 80% and is scheduled at last around Tsurumi factory in which COG is produced. Although the COG occupied only 2% of company's total gas sales, it was to be converted to SNG from the viewpoint of keeping variety for raw material and distribution base.
COG-SNG plant, the first commercial scale plant in the world, consists of purifi-cation process in which oxygen, diolefin and organic sulphur compounds in the feed-stock COG are eliminated and low temperature steam reforming process in which purified COG, LPG and/or off-gas are methanised upon Ni based catalyst. The char-acteristic of this plant is in purification process developed by Hitachi Co. together with Tokyo Gas Company.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1372K) -
美浦 義明1984 年 63 巻 9 号 p. 800-810
発行日: 1984/09/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe caking property of coal, the most critical factor in the met-allurgical coke making, is reviewed while the difference between caking and coking properties is clarified and caking coal is defined. Then, the transformation process from coal to coke is explained with respect to the behavior of coal particles during heating and the plastic behavior (350 to 500°C) and the resolidification-contraction behavior (500 to 1000°C) of the slack layer. Further, a description is given to the transformation of petrograhic components of coal into the coke texture (optical ani-sotropic texture) and researches on the dynamics of carbonization.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1963K)
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