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64 巻, 12 号
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佐田 敏彦1985 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 971-972
発行日: 1985/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (337K) -
クールウォータープログラム荒木 成光1985 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 973-982
発行日: 1985/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーIntegrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle Power Generation (IGCC) is one of the most promising advanced power generation systems with its superior environmental acceptability and high thermal efficiency.
Cool Water Coal Gasification Program (CWCGP) is a project in which IGCC plant incorporating an entrained flow type Texaco gasifier is being demonstrated. Besides the participants in the United States such as Texaco, Southern California Edison and EPRI, a Japanese consortium (JCWP) led by Tokyo Electric Power is participating in CWCGP.
Construction of CWCGP plant was initiated in December 1981 and was completed in April 1984. Total construction capital was 263 million dollars, approximately 10% lower than the original budget.
After the commissioning operation and 10 days acceptance test, demonstration phase of CWCGP was started in June 1984.
Since then the plant has been operated successfully and the cumulative operation and the capacity factor at the end of September 1985 reached approximately 6000 hours and 44% respectively. And the run length record during this period was 640 hours.
Encouraged by the success of CWCGP, a plan of constructing a commercial IGCC plant in 1990's was announced in the United States this spring.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2015K) -
野村 明, 山田 約瑟1985 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 983-988
発行日: 1985/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーA characterization method of coal-derived asphaltene has been studied by preparative scale reversed-phase liquid chromatography using ODS-silica gel as stationary phase and THF- methanol eluent system as mobile phase. Asphaltenes derived from Taiheiyo coal and Yallourn coal were separated stepwise into five fractions, Fl-5, using each 100 ml of 0, 10, 30, 50 and 100 v/v% of THF in methanol solution at a flow rate of 5ml/ min on the 10 i. d.×500mm column packed with ODS-silica gel (25-45μm). Each fraction was investigated in terms of elemental analysis, molecular weight determination, fa value and UV absorptivity. The molecular weight of the separated fractions increases as the fraction number increases according to the hydrophobicity of the fraction. The plot of H/C vs. fa in Fig. 1 shows that the asphaltene samples are separated according to the degree of ring condensation rather than the carbon number of side chains judging from the gradient of the slope and the distribution of H/C values. The relationship between molecular weight of the fraction and the absorptivity at 220 nm (K1) or at 260 nm (K2) is linear except for Fl of K2, as shown in Fig. 2, which provides basic data for the characterization of asphaltenes by analytical scale HPLC determination using UV monitoring system.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (840K) -
森田 幹雄, 広沢 邦男, 後藤 藤太郎1985 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 989-996
発行日: 1985/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーIt is well known that hydroaromatics, possessing hydrogen-donating ability, effectively act in extractive chemical disintegration and hydrocracking of coals. On the other hand, hydrocracked coal liquids produced by use of zinc chloride catalyst could be expected to be suitable solvents in these reactions because they were confirmed to be rich in hydroaromatics. So, in the present study, coal liquid products were prepared by hydrocracking of Akabira and Taiheiyo coals with the catalyst, and properties and powers in extractive chemical disintegration of their fractions at 230-270°C, 270-340°C and above 270°C were investigated in comparison with those of tetralin and anthracene oil: it was found that solubility of coals in these fractions was far more than that in anthracene oil and comparable to or more than that in tetralin. But as fractions above 270°C contain components to be easily carbonized, their usage should be limited to a narrow range of reaction conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1192K) -
含窒素モデル化合物の着色請川 孝治, 松村 明光, 中村 悦郎, 神谷 佳男, 二木 鋭雄, 山本 順寛1985 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 997-1002
発行日: 1985/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe coloration of several nitrogen-containing compounds has been studied in connection with the aging of coal-derived liquid. It has been observed that the nitrogen-containing compounds having active N-H bonds are readily colored and the rate of coloration and reactivity toward 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl correlate well with each other. The irradiation of amines in methanol at visible light under air caused rapid coloration, but it was not observed in the absence of oxygen. Both peroxy and alkoxy radicals enhanced the coloration, but free radical scavengers were not effective in suppressing the coloration. The gel permeation chromatograms of the irradiated amines suggested the formation of high molecular weight compounds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (718K) -
ワンドアン炭液化物のgpcおよびタイプ分析中田 正夫, 有田 静児1985 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1003-1009
発行日: 1985/12/20
公開日: 2011/02/23
ジャーナル フリーExcellent activity for coal liquefaction and low hydrogen consumption of deposited iron sulfide catalyst for coal liquefaction was reported in our privious report. Successive gpc and type analysis were conducted, to see characters of Wandoan coal's liquefied fractions (Benzene soluble fractions (BS) and benzene insoluble and pridine soluble fractions (BI-PS)) by deposited iron sulfide catalyst and three reference catalysts (iron sulfide powder, Ni-Mo/Al2O3 and ZnCl2). The molecular weight distributions turn lower in the following order, iron sulfide powder≅ deposited iron sulfide > Ni-Mo/Al2O3>ZnCl2. The polarity of BS turn weaker in the same order as the molecular weight distributions turned.
The conclusions are as follows:
1) there is few fundamental difference between liquefied Wandoan coal structure by deposited iron sulfide catalyst and that by powdowered iron sulfide catalyst.
2) low hydrogen consumption using two iron sulfide catalysts is due to the fact that liquefied Wandoan coal structure is similar to that of original Wandoan coal.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1063K) -
朴 良徳, 光来 要三, 持田 勲1985 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1010-1016
発行日: 1985/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーCarbonaceous mesophase pitches were prepared from two petroleum pitches by assuring homogeneous heating under vacuum and stirring.
The mesophase pitches were characterized in terms of their solubilities, optical anisotropy, softening temperature and the thermal stability to correlate to their structural characteristics. Among the characteristics, their contents of naphthenic groups which inherited their starting pitches appear to be a key factor controlling their properties.
Their roles in the carbonization are discussed from views of the carbonization reactivity and static properties. The carbonization behaviors of the pitch in the presence of sulfur are also discussed. Hydrogens in the pitch were identified by NMR and their reactivity against sulfur at the temperature rising.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1634K) -
丹野 庄二, 境沢 正夫, 鷹觜 利公, 三浦 隆利, 大谷 茂盛1985 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1017-1026
発行日: 1985/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the investigation on the prediction of combustion characteristics within a furnace, the combustion model has not been developed adequately because the following aspects are tangled in the spray combustion process; 1) turbulent air and spray flows, 2) atomizing characteristics, 3) heat and mass transfer and 4) combustion. This paper proposed the practical combustion model which can be satisfactory to various combustion conditions.
Previous to combustion simulation, liquid fuel sprays characteristics, whose atomizing principle is based on a pneumatic nozzle with a swirling flow, (radial distribution of air velocity, dispersion, particle diameter) are measured. A computation method of the flow field with the swirling flow is carried out by SIMPLE method where a turbulence flow model (k-ε two-equation model) is used.
A simple reaction model is included in the above turbulence equations from the points of application of the prediction whose model is made that the one-step reaction occurs between fuel vapor and oxygen with an infinite reaction rate. And NOx production rate is computed on the extended Zeldovich mechanism. The combustion characteristics are measured by these modelings using the differential method.
Kerosene spray is fired under the excess air ratio of 1.2 distributions of gas temperature and of gas composition (O2 and NOx) are measured.
The calculated gas temperature and composition within the furnace agree qualitatively with these experimental values. The simulation based on the model can be applied a variety of combustion conditions such as furnace type and kinds of fuel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1376K) -
松本 正文, 村田 勝英1985 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1027-1031
発行日: 1985/12/20
公開日: 2011/02/23
ジャーナル フリーThe preparation of coal-oil slurry for the coal liquefaction plant has been studied using a ball mill (batch). The particle size distribution and the slurry viscosity, which vary with the grinding time, were measured for these three coals of Horonai, Taiheiyo and Wandoan.
Anthracene oil and creosote oil were used as the vehicle oil to be mixed with coals.
The following results were obtained.
1) The particle size distribution of the ground coal in the coal derived oil can be expressed by Rosin-Ra mmler's equation and the coefficient “n” in that equation does not vary with the grinding time.
2) The particle size varies with the grinding time to the power of 0.7∼0.84.
3) Slurry viscosity increases linearly with the decrease in the average particle size of coal. And the greatest increase in the slurry viscosity was observed in the case of Horonai coal. It appears that the swelling of coal causes the increase in the slurry viscosity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (572K) -
千葉 耕司, 多賀谷 英幸, 佐藤 志美雄, 伊藤 和男1985 年 64 巻 12 号 p. 1032-1036
発行日: 1985/12/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーTo elucidate the mechanism of sulfur participation on coal liquefaction, Yallourn coal was liquefied at 400°C. Even in the absence of catalysts, the addition of sulfur was very effective in tetralin, and the increment of conversion to BS reached to 13%. It was confirmed that during heating up period, sulfur abstracted hydrogen from tetralin to produce hydrogen sulfide and naphthalene. Reaction intermediates such as tetralyl radical and hydrogen sulfide might act as hydrogen donor for coal. Sulfur in the liquefaction residue was three times that of original coal. It suggested the presence of reaction of sulfur with coal. Such a reaction and hydrogen abstraction reaction by sulfur from coal might be detrimental for coal liquefaction, especially without any donor. It was concluded that sulfur and sulfur-derived compounds played important roles as hydrogen donor, shuttler and consumer, and intermediate radicals might accelerate the rupture of chemical bonds in coal.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (722K)
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