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65 巻, 1 号
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芦田 誠二1986 年 65 巻 1 号 p. 1
発行日: 1986/01/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
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豪州, ニュージーランド社団法人燃料協会1986 年 65 巻 1 号 p. 2-17
発行日: 1986/01/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
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液化油軽油留分の着色山本 順寛, 二木 鋭雄, 神谷 佳男, 中村 悦郎, 請川 孝治1986 年 65 巻 1 号 p. 19-25
発行日: 1986/01/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe coloration of the gas oil fraction of coal-derived liquid has been studied. The gas oil fraction of coal liquid was readily colored at ambient temperature under air. Oxygen had crucial effect and little coloration was observed in the absence of oxygen. The visible light showed marked accelerating effect on coloration. Commercial photostabilizers did not suppress coloration efficiently. The coloration was accelerated in the autoxidation systems. The coal liquid contained much active hydrogens toward oxygen and nitrogen radicals. These hydrogens played an important role in the coloration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (882K) -
液化溶媒リサイクルの検討安達 芳雄, 坂木 剛, 犬養 吉成, 中田 正夫, 有田 静児, 垣山 仁夫1986 年 65 巻 1 号 p. 26-33
発行日: 1986/01/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe phase II process of the solvolysis coal liquefaction consists of two stage. At the first stage, coal is liquefied with hydrogen-donor solvent at high temperature (460°C) for a short contact time (15min). At the second stage, the primary coal liquid is hydrogenated with Ni-Mo catalyst and the part of the secondary coal liquid is recycled as a solvent in the first stage.
In this experiment, five times of recycling the solvent were made in a batch system. The following results were obtainded;
1) The liquefaction yield of coal using any recycle solvent was maintained around 80%.
2) The ratio of fluoranthene and phenanthrene in the primary coal liquids decreased rapidly with recycle but the ratio of pyrene in the fifth primary coal liquid remained half as much as in the original anthracene oil.
3) The heavy material like SRC was accumulated in the primary and secondary coal liquids.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (980K) -
中田 善徳, 鈴木 正昭, 奥谷 猛1986 年 65 巻 1 号 p. 34-43
発行日: 1986/01/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe catalytic activity and mechanism of Mo plate catalysts for coal liquefaction were investigated using a 115ml autoclave. Mo plate catalysts were Mo metal plate, SUS-304 plate coated Mo by apparatus of ion plating (Mo ion plating plate) and the pre-sulfided plates of both metal and ion plating. The observation of surfaces of these plates before and after coal liquefaction, the behavior of accumulation of mineral in coal on the plates and the behavior of corrosion were carried out by scanning electron microscopy and scanning Auger microscopy.
In the range of high reaction temperature (over 450°C), the order of the catalytic activity based on conversion and oil yield was Co-Mo S> red mud+S≅presulfided Mo ion plating plate+S>pre-sulfided Mo metal plate+S> Mo ion plating plate+S ≅ pre-sulfided Mo ion plating plate> Mo ion plating plate ≅ pre-sulfided Mo metal plate ≅ no catalyst. It was thought that the catalytic activity of Mo ion plating plate was higher than that of Mo metal plate because the surface of the former plate had more defects than that of the latter plate. The mechanism of catalytic action of Mo plate was interpreted on the basis of hole carrier density.
Although Mo ion plating plate showed higher catalytic activity than Mo metal plate, the both plates had the same effect to prevent accumulation of mineral in coal on its surface and corrosion by hydrogen sulfide.
From these results, it was found that Mo was a excellent material for coal Liquefaction reactor.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (10793K) -
石崎 紘三, 松山 英俊, 吉田 忠, 前河 涌典1986 年 65 巻 1 号 p. 44-52
発行日: 1986/01/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーProduct waters from the direct liquefaction of five coals of different ranks were analyzed and 65 to 95% of organic compounds based on total organic carbon (TOC) were identified. The product waters had high values of chemical oxygen demand (CODcr: 53, 000-132, 000mg/l). They contained high concentrations of ammonia (NH3-N: 3, 400-22, 500mg/l) and phenol (5, 700-23, 900mg/l), and also contained a wide variety of organic compounds such as cresols, xylenols, pyridine, pyrrole, aniline, toluidines, acetonitrile, cyclohexanol, volatile fatty acids, alcohols and ketones. The composition of organic constituents correlated at least partly with the ranks of coals. In addition to the analysis, a laboratory study was performed to determine biological treatability of the product waters. The study showed that a dilution of at least 10 to 20 times was necessary, depending on the waters, to attain the efficient removals of CODcr and most of the organic constituents with batch treatment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1202K) -
生田目 俊秀, 大塚 康夫, 宝田 恭之, 富田 彰1986 年 65 巻 1 号 p. 53-58
発行日: 1986/01/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous study it was found that the nickel catalyst impregnated on brown coals shows excellent activity in the gasification reaction. In this study more cheap catalyst, Ca (OH) 2, was used as starting material. The chemical state during the steam gasification was determined and the reactivity was determined in the temperature range from 600 to 800°C. Ion-exchanged Ca was transformed to finely dispersed CaCO3 upon pyrolysis and the extensive crystal growth of CaCO3 was observed during the course of steam gasification. Near the end of gasification CaCO3 was converted to CaO owing to the decrease of CO2 content in the atmosphere. About 2 wt% of Ca content was enough to enhance the reactivity of coal by a factor of 10 at 650°C. In order to obtain the same reaction rate, 750°C is necessary without catalyst. This catalytic effect was more significant when compared with the data for the Ca-catalyzed gasification of American low-rank coals.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (822K) -
斉藤 陽, 岩田 英夫1986 年 65 巻 1 号 p. 59-65
発行日: 1986/01/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーSemi-micro gasification method was developed for the determination of nitrogen in coal and coke.
The recommended procedure is as follows.
The mixture of sample and soda lime in porcelain boat is covered with aluminium oxide and silica wool. Then, the boat is inserted to preheat-zone of silica tube and the sample is pyrolized by flash heating from 200 to 800°C under stream of steam and helium gas, and then the boat is inserted to heated zone of 1000°C for completion of pyrolysis. The gas generated is introduced to steam distillation flask containing the caustic soda solution and the steam-distilled ammonia is recovered by boric solution.
Finally, the ammonia in the distillate is titrated with 0.01 N sulufuric acid solution.
By the above two stage heating system, the volatile matter could be decomposed completely and the scattering of alkali, which causes a rapid breakage of silica tube, could be prevented.
The precision of analytical value was good and the coefficient of variation was 2%.
The time required for each analysis by this dual heating system is 15 minutes抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1041K) -
山本 忠人, 松本 巌1986 年 65 巻 1 号 p. 66-71
発行日: 1986/01/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーFollowing are results obtained from an experimental investigation on precision of testing method for cetane numbers by the standard ASTM-CFR prechamber engines.
For a repeatability of 0.5 in cetane method, the ignition delay meter reading of 13.0° by the final adjustment of cylinder length (compression ratio) should be constant over 2 to 3 minutes and the average interval between variable expansion plug overhauls be within 7 to 8 h. The intake air temperature of 66 to 100°C have been found to be suitable for cetane method抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (790K) -
杉山 友男, 中 昭廣1986 年 65 巻 1 号 p. 72-76
発行日: 1986/01/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThis paper reports an examination to find how to determine a nonionic surface active agent existing in a COM and adsorptive property of this agent.
Consequently, the authors established a technique to measure the amount of additive in C heavy oil by means of paper chromatography.
Multi-branched high molecular nonionic surface active agents, as an excellent stabilizer for COM, proved to possess a high adsorptivity to coal. That is, the saturated adsorption of them on pulverized coal particles, conventional size for combustion of about 80% passing 200 mesh was of 0.44 to 0.46g/100g coal. On the other hand, the conventional nonionic surface active agents having a poor stabilizing effect showed a low saturated adsorption.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (458K)
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