巻号一覧
後続誌
70 巻, 10 号
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早瀬 鑛一1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 941
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (217K) -
国内炭政策を中心として押田 努1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 942-948
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリー1. The Coal Mining Council submitted its report “The Future Coal Policy” to the Minister of International Trade and Industry in June.
2. The summary of the report is as follows.
(1) It is necessary for the coal mining industry to regard the 1990s as the final stage of its structural adjustment for the future, and to make endeavors to diversify and de-velop new business area, as well as to gradually reduce domestic coal production. to a point, at which the cost for and the role of domestic coal industry are balanced.
(2) It is necessary for the government to study concrete measures in order to assist coal enterprises in diversifying and developing new business area.
(3) It is necessary to take regional development measures and employment measures cor-responding to the structural adjustment.
(4) It is necessary to assure a stable supply of overseas coal, to develop clean coal tech-nology, and to cooperate internationally, in order to solve emerging problems, such as increasing demand of coal and global warming.
3. MITI deliberated the concrete policy based on the report, and presented the budget re-quest at the end of August.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (875K) -
根井 寿規1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 949-954
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーIn view of the world's long-term prospects regarding the supply and demand of energy, coal is a very precious resource from the standpoint of obtaining energy, although there are problems with coal utilization, such as the problem of carbon dioxide emission. Being the largest importer of coal in the world, and possessing excellent coal-related technology, Japan must respond positively to the following subjects.
a) Stable supply and demand of coal internationally, and the stable supply of coal to Japan, in order to meet future increased demand for coal.
b) Utilization of coal through the application of new technology, in the global environ-mental problems and other problems.
c) International cooperation in the development and utilization of coal, as well as in finding solution to the environmental problems related to coal.
For those purpose, initially we will take two main action in next year. One is estab-lishing the clean coal technology center in the New Energy and Industry Technology De-velopment Organization; the other is studying feasibility to built a suitable demonstration system of coal utilization technology in China.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (787K) -
小野 弘, 境野 守1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 955-962
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーRecently, demand for electrical power is maintaining a high growth rate supported by expanding economic and social activities. It is expected that the demand will continue to increase steadily in the future. To ensure a stable supply of electrical pow-er, it is necessary to promote the generation of power using coal, which is highly economic-al, can be very stably supplied in view of its ample reserves, and is a kernel energy alternative to oil. It will also be important to implement sufficient environmental preserva-tion measures in order to deal with global environmental issues, significantly improve the efficiency of power generation, and reduce emissions of carbon dioxide per unit of gener-ated energy. In this regard, MITI is promoting various activities to realize the early imple-mentation of high efficiency power generation technology by accelerating and promoting its development.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (791K) -
島田 和明1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 963-969
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPresent status on the direct liquefaction of coal promoted under the Sunshine Project in Japan was reviewed. This project consists of the development of two li-quefaction technologies for brown and bituminous coals. Two stage liquefaction plant for brown coal of 50t/d capacity is primarily designed especially for brown coal in Victoria, Australia and succeeded in the longterm continuous operation for more than 1, 000 hours with oil yield of higher than 50 wt%. Typical advantageous results on the milder condition of firststage reaction and high efficiency deashing unit were obtained. The plant's operation was finished in 1990. Following-up research is conduction to clarify the problems and to summerize the project report.
On the other hand, the NEDOL process is a process for liquefying subbituminous to low-rank bituminous coals which are found in many areas of the world. The oil yjeld of higher than 50 wt% obtained from 1 t/d plant operation makes this process a superior one in terms of economic performance. The construction of new plant of 150 t/d capacity will start from November, 1991.
Future aspect and circumstances related to coal liquefaction, economics, global environ-ment, balance with the other alternate energy sources, are also discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (846K) -
カナダ炭のソルボリシス安達 芳雄, 廣末 英晴1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 970-977
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーSolvolysis liquefaction of twelve Canadian coals using hydorogenated anthracene oil has been carried out using 50ml tubing bomb reactor. The coal conversion and the amounts of gaseous products were discussed with H/C atomic ratio and the chemic-al structure of coal determined by 13C solid-state NMR. The toluene soluble matters obtained by solvolysis coal liquefaction were analyzed by 1H-NMR. The results obtained are summarized as follows.
1) Yields of pyridine insoluble matters were less than 40 percent in cases of some sub-bituminous coals and less than 30 percent in cases of bituminous coals. The formation of preasphaltene was promoted on the coal with the high H/C atomic ratio.
2) The cross-links in coals seemed to disturb the formation of preasphaltene from the analyses of 13C-NMR of coals.
3) Yields of toluene insoluble matters ranged from about 60 to 70 percent in cases of sub-bituminous and bituminous coals and did not have a certain regularity such as a rela-tionship with H/C atomic ratio among these coals.
4) The analyses of 13C-NMR also showed that methane and CO and CO2 were produced by the decomposition of alkyl chains and by the decarboxylation of carbonyl groups in coals, respectively, at the solvolysis reaction.
5) Bituminous coals solved in liquefaction solvent as a toluene soluble matter much more than sub-bituminous coals and lignites.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (872K) -
モデル物質の水素化分解反応に対する各種触媒の接触作用の比較 (テトラリンの効果)横川 親雄, 櫻井 敦, 池永 直樹, 小田 廣和1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 978-984
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーSix kinds of model compounds were subjected to catalytic hyd-rogenolysis in tetralin as a hydrogen-donor solvent at 653K. Ten kinds of catalysts were employed and the additive effect of tetralin on the reaction profiles was discussed. Three kinds of model compounds that scarcely reacted at 653K were subjected to hydrogenolysis at 693K, and the temperature effect was discussed. The additive effect of tetralin was clas-sified into four categories as follows: (1) tetralin increases the overall conversion, (2) tetra-lin decreases the overall conversion, (3) the overall conversion is not varried obviously but the composition of products is changed by an addition of tetralin, (4) neither the overall conversion nor the compositionof products is varied by an addition of tetralin. Thus, the effect of tetralin added was specific for the individual reaction system. The increase in reaction temperature accelerates the reactions which were retarded on addition of tetralin, but it seemed that the conversions were still lower than those for the reactions at 653 K without addition of tetralin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (866K) -
液化特性に及ぼす炭種, 反応温度の影響佐藤 志美雄, 村形 忠弘, 千葉 哲義, 鈴木 徹1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 985-993
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーCo-liquefaction of coal with lignin was studied using several kinds of coals. The co-liquefaction behavior were greatly dependent upon the coal used and reaction temperature. In case of Yallourn coal, the co-liquefaction yielded much oil and asphaltene than expected from separate liquefaction properties of coal and lignin, being found to be accelerated with lignin addition. In cases of Miike and Horonai coals, however, lignin addi-tion did not show favarable effects on the co-liquefaction. Both favarable and non-favarable effects were observed very clearly at around 350°C. These results indicated that lignin had abilities both of accelerating and of retarding the co-liquefaction, and it was dependent upon co-liquefaction conditions which ability emerged. A co-liquefaction mechanism was speculated from the results of liquefaction experiments of the coals in the presence of a model compound of lignin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (998K) -
真下 清, 菅野 元行, 藤森 聖明, 和井内 徹1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 994-1002
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe additive effect of phenol on the denitrogenation of the chloroform soluble-benzene soluble (CSBS-1) and the chloroform soluble-benzene insoluble (CSBI-1) in the 1st liquid derived from Akabira coal was investigated by the hydrogenolysis reactions using sulfided Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst. Further, the heavy oil in the liquid from Miike coal was separated into acidic, neutral and basic fractions by ion-exchange chromatography, and the additive effect of phenol on their respective hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and hyd-rodeoxygenation (HDN) was also studied.
The denitrogenation in the 2nd liquids produced by adding 2.5 and 10% of phenol to CSBS-1 at 420°C increased and decreased than that in the non-addition, respectively. Phe-nol addition was not effective in the HDN of CSBI-1 of preasphaltene.
Phenol addition to the heavy acidic or basic oil was not effective in the HDN and HDO of the basic oil, but of the acidic oil. This is because both phenol and acidic oil raise the acidity of the catalyst, and the basic oil adsorbs on the acidic site of the catalyst more pre-ferentially and strongly than phenol.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1074K) -
稲葉 敦, 山本 佳孝, 三木 啓司, 佐藤 芳樹, 斉藤 郁夫1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 1003-1007
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーTo evaluate a co-processing process over Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst in the ebullated-bed catalitic reactor such as H-COAL process, Taiheiyo-coal with tar sand bitu-men was liquefied in the presence of a high concentration of catalyst in an autoclave. Ex-perimental results showed that oil yields based on maf-feed and hydrogen consumption per unit oil yield of the co-processing were heigher than those of bitumen alone. The co-processing process seemed to be more economical than the hydrotreatment of tar sand bitu-men under the present conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (493K) -
生体エネルギー反応とバイオリアクター宮脇 長人1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 1008-1014
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (997K) -
安沢 典男1991 年 70 巻 10 号 p. 1017
発行日: 1991/10/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (341K)
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