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70 巻, 4 号
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松本 史朗1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 287
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
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永井 伸樹1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 288-292
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーJapanese symposium on liquid atomization and spray systems has been successfully held once a year since 1972, with the purpose of the interchange between researchers and engineers in many fields of atomization. Such activity in Japan gave the hopeful impact to other countries, made the opportunity of international exchange, and the first conference was held at Tokyo in 1978.
Papers submitted to the domestic seventeen symposiums and the four international conferences covers the wide ranges of studies on liquid atomization correspondind to the developing of industrial techniques. Liquid break-up mechanisms are fully investigated on liquid columns and films, liquid droplets, and liquid jets injected from various nozzles. Many reports on the improvement of atomizers and spray characteristics are presented every time, especially on twin-fluid atomization, and ultra-sonic atomization was concentricly reported in 1985. Atomization of coal-water slurry and flashing atomization were also appeared at the third international conference.
Real-time laser measurements of spray based on various optical principles have been brilliantly proposed since 1985. They are very useful for the clarification of liquid disintegration and spray transport phenomena, but have several ploblems to be solved concerning spatial spray dennsity, data management and explanation of spray informations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (758K) -
倉林 俊雄1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 293-298
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThe Japan National Conference on Liquid Atomization was started in 1972 under the sponsorship of the Fuel Society. This Conference recorded satisfactory result, and it led to the holding of the First International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems (ICLASS) in Tokyo in 1978. After that, three ICLASS were held. At the meeting held during ICLASS-1982, it was agreed to form four Institutes for Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems (ILASS), ILASS-Far East, Europe, Americas and South Asia, to improve regional reseach activities and to exchange informations among these ILASS.
In 1989, ILASS-Far East was reorganized into ILASS-Japan and ILASS-Korea, and the establishment of ILASS-China is in preparation now. Many of these ILASS have annual Conferences and issue Newsletters.
As a central body of ILASS, the International Council of ILASS was organized in 1988 to coordinate the activities of ILASS and to deal with international items.
Through the effort of Dr. Eisenklam the technical Journal “Atomization and Spray Technology” was published in 1985, but unfortunately discontinued three years later, mainly because of the passing away of the editor, Dr. Eisenklam. However, a new journal is ready to be published by a favor of Professor Chigier.
To recognize the author (s) of the best paper presented at a ICLASS, Tanasawa Award was founded and the first presentation was made at ICLASS-1988 in Sendai.
The contributions of the late Dr. Eisenklam to the realizations of ICLASS, ILASS, the journal and Tanasawa Award, and the support of the Fuel Society of Japan in the activities mentioned above should be greatly appreciated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2685K) -
斎藤 昭則1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 299-304
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーStudies on the techniques of measuring spray characteristics are essential for the research on liquid atomization. The spray characteristics are classified into three larger groups; atomizing mode, droplet sizes and spatial distribution of droplets. This report describes the techniques of measuring these characteristics.
First, high-speed photographing techniques are discussed for the measurement of atomizing mode. A flash lamp is usually used for the measurement, though it will be replaced in the future by a laser with the advantages of high power and short duration of emission. On the other hand, some techniques of image analysis have been developed. They offer useful information ab6ut spray characteristics based on the high-speed photographed images.
Next, the techniques of measuring droplet sizes are discussed. Although the immersion method and the sedimentation method have conventionally been used, applications of lasers are made on trial. The Laser-diffraction method and the phase-doppler methods are found to be useful. Some results obtaind by using these methods are reported.
And finally, the laser beam CT method is discussed for the measurement of particle distributions in spray.
Improvements are expected in the applications of laser and image processing to the techniques of measureing spray characteristics.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (670K) -
新井 雅隆1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 305-309
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーThis paper reviews general concepts of improvement in spray combustion with the aid of new atomization technology. Liquid sprays supplied into a combustion chamber through atomization facilitates, had to be atomized completely before they were mixed with air and ignited. Incomplete atomization of fuel resulted in an elongation of flame length and poor combustion pollutions . Then a new liquid atomization technology was needed to attain a quick and complete atomization of liquid fuels, especially low grade oils. New pneumatic atomizers to improve the drop size distribution and spatial distribution of fuel were introduced with there designing concepts.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (555K) -
中村 昌允1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 310-316
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーAtomization is a key technology for spray drying, which is widely used in many industries, such as chemical, food, ceramic, detergent industry and so on. The formation of a spray and contacting of the spray with air are the characteristic features of spray drying. Rotary atomizers and pressure nozzles are commonly used to form a spray, while pneumatic atomizers have limited applications.
The selection of an atomizer depends on the nature of the feed and the desired characteristics of the dried product.
In this paper, prediction of the discharge coefficient for pressure nozzles is discussed with reference to detergent slurry. Also recent developments of atomization technology are reviewed in the following three points.
(1) Treating of viscous liquids, which concerns saving energy and increasing the drying capacity of the spray dryer
(2) Getting a narrow distribution of dried powder, which corresponds to better quality, specifically in the ceramic industry
(3) Development of high flow rate nozzle atomizer抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (712K) -
武井 成通1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 317-321
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーIn the pharmaceutical industry, contoroled-release drug has been paid considerable attension from a view point of Drug Delivery System, DDS. The liquid atomization technique has been applied to the pharmaceutical process, by which the surface of granules or powders fine in size is able to be effectively coated. The contoroled-release drug is usually prepared by the above mentioned coating technique.
On the basis of the above mentioned pharmaceutical situation, the present review paper concerns, two coating processes which prepare the typical contoroled-release drugs, respectively. One of them is a process for preparing sustained-release theophylline; spherical theophylline granules are prepared by use of a coating apparatus of the fluidized tumbled bed type, followed by coating the surface of the granules with ethylcellulose film. The theophylline thus coated exhibits the dissolution rate in the gas-trically simulated juice lower than that of non-treated theophylline. The another is that for promoting the dissolution of Indometacin. A jetcoating system coats the surface of potato starch powder with micro crystalline indometacin which shows the rate of dissolution much higher than that of the non-treated indometacin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (995K) -
中村 昌允, 堀内 正司, 藤 秀実, 徳岡 直静, 野木 利治, 柄沢 隆夫, 佐藤 正之, 中山 満茂, 森山 昭, 斎藤 昭則, 千田 ...1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 322-337
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
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持田 勲, 富高 賢仁, 中川原 寿, 光来 要三1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 338-342
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーRoles of non-donor aromatic solvents in the pressurized preheating step of multi-stage coking were studied to increase extracted residue. Fluoranthene and pyrene were found effective to increase both tar yield and strength of formed coke when coal/solvent ratio was unity. Under hydrogen pressure pyrene was surpior to fluoranthene probably because of its shuttling ability. The tar yield and coke strength reached to 30% and 195kgf/cm2, respectively from fusible coals. The preheating temprature of 723K appears optimum to most of the coals examined in the present study.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (585K) -
太平洋炭の急速熱分解広沢 邦男, 森田 幹雄1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 343-353
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーA coal pyrolysis and combustion combined system, which aims at recovering gaseous and tarry liquid products by pyrolysis of coals as well as heat (electric power) by combustion of all chars produced, is considered to become a feasible first step to promote effective use of coal resources.
From the standpoint, a rapid pyrolysis of coals is being studied in a down-flow reactor which is heated by a high temperature sand; this is because high caloric gaseous and tarry liquid products can be effectively recovered from coals.
In the present study. Taiheiyo coal was rapidly pyrolysed to clear relation between pyrolysis conditions (pyrolysis temperature, length of heating section and temperature of heat carrier), product distribution (yield of produced gas, tar and chars) and the properties of the products.
1. Yields of chars decreased while those of gases increased, with increasing of pyrolysis temperature and length of heating section. A maximum tar yield was shifted to higher pyrolysis temperature in a shorter length of heating section, and was estimated to 30% in the pyrolysis temperature of 600-650°C in a longer length of heating section, because tars produced were secondarily pyrolysed.
2. Rapid pyrolysis of a sample coal was finished in a second order. Maximum pyrolysis rates depended on pyrolysis temperature.
3. Rapid purolysis of a sample coal was not effected with temperature of sand as a heat carrier.
4. Combustibility of chars produced was considered not so different from a sample coal because they had higher caloric values and was, not coagulated in a pyrolysis step.
5. Gaseous products were composed of H2, CH4, CO. CO2, and C2-C4 hydrocarbon gases. They had high caloric values of 5, 000-8, 500 kcal/Nm3.
6. Elemental and NMR analyses of tars produced showed that the properties changed from paraffinic to aromatic with progress of the secondary pyrolysis followed by increase of pyrolysis temperature. They had caloric values of 6, 000-7, 500kcal/kg.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1356K) -
火炎診断におけるインテリジェントセンシング技術石田 哲義, 山田 紘二郎1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 354-361
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2011/02/23
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関 義和1991 年 70 巻 4 号 p. 365
発行日: 1991/04/20
公開日: 2010/06/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (353K)
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