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67 巻, 6 号
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田淵 義彦1983 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 229-234
発行日: 1983/06/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーLimitation of discomfort glare from the lighting installation is one of the important requirements for the lighting environment of the office and the large area store. Shielding of the lamps mounted in the lighting fitting is required.
As for the lighting fitting with the white diffuse reflector generally used, the larger the shielding angle is, the more glare limiting effect is, but the less the efficiency of the fitting is. The shielding angle should balance the glare limiting effect and the efficiency.
To find out the suitable angle, relations between the shielding angle and the efficiency and also the glare limiting effect were studied with the measurement and the calculation of the British IES Glare Indexes. Shieldping angle “15°” is found to be suitable.
The fittings adopting the above result are developed. Relative estimation of these fittings among the glare limiting fittings is also mentioned.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5705K) -
姫井 豊治, 中西 宣一郎, 小松原 均, 上原 照男1983 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 235-240
発行日: 1983/06/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーRecently, there are step dimmer circuits for High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps of 100% and 50% light output. But, a continuous dimmer circuit of wide range is not available. The reasons are pointed out as follows;
(1) Unstable lamp operation under a lower wattage condition.
(2) Extinguishment of the HID lamp when transient operation of dimming.
(3) Lower lamp efficiency lm/W under dimming.
(4) Shorter lamp life caused by dimming.
(5) Variation of spectral distribution under a lower wattage condition.
The authors have tried to develop a new continuous dimmer circuit by means of thyristors for HID lamps, with an auxiliary step-up transformer, in order to overcome the above mentioned difficulties of (1) and (2). The dimmer circuit can generate higher voltage enough for reignition and sustain the lamp current during the thyristor-off period. We can control the light output of HID lamp from 100% to about 1 % by the dimmer circuit.
In the paper, the principle of dimmer, the configuration of circuit, the characteristics of operation and discussions are dcscribed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4893K) -
高浜 幸太郎, 側垣 博明, 納谷 嘉信1983 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 241-245
発行日: 1983/06/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーBy using object colors, several studies have been made to predict chromatic-adaptation effects for various white light sources. Predictions by these studies are summarized in terms of grid of corresponding colors under illuminant A. The grids derived by use of object colors are compared with the grids by pseudo-surface colors as reference to another grid of chromaticity coordinates of Munsell samples with respect to illuminant A. It is confirmed that the variation of grids by object colors is smaller than that by pseudo-surface colors and that former grids predict stronger tendency toward color constancy than the latter ones.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (808K) -
西村 政信, 佐土根 範次1983 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 246-252
発行日: 1983/06/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーThe diffused solar energy within solid angle of 0.586π sr from the north sky was measured in each of three spectral regions, that is, ultraviolet region (300-400 nm), visible region (400-700 nm) and infrared region (700-1, 200 nm).
We discussed the correlation between those diffused solar energies per hour and cloud amount or visibility. As a result, following conclusions are obtained.
(1) If the thickness of cloud is constant, each diffused solar energy per hour from the north sky in three spctral regions, divided by the sine of the hourly mean value of solar altitude, is approximately the linear function of cloud amount in the north sky.
(2) The monthly mean value of the diffused solar energy per hour per unit area in each of three spectral regions Qi, within solid angle of 0.586π sr from the north sky on the north inclined plane of 0.25 π rad, can be estimated by the following approximate formula that is derived from using the monthly mean value of cloud amount in the one hour d and that of solar altitude in the one hour h.
Qi=(ai+bi·d)sin h (W·h/m2·hr)
Here, ai and bi are the constants obtained by the regression line in each of three spectral regions. And, this formula can be applied in one hour of any time.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3266K) -
山口 昌一郎, 関根 征士, 小林 富士男1983 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 253-259
発行日: 1983/06/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーAn analysis has been carried out to explore the optimum spectral power distributions (SPD's) with respect to the 40-watt fluorescent lamps.
Numerical calculations have been done by digital computer and the perturbation method using the linear programming was adopted as the computer programming.
The aim of the analysis was to determine the optimum SPD which enables the total luminous flux of lamp maximum under the constraints of given chromaticity and color rendering indices (CRI's).
It was assumed that the spectral distribution of light output was composed of monochromatic lights wavelengthbandwidth of which was 10nm.
It was noticeable that four monochromatic components having 470, 530, 580 and 620 nm of wavelengths are primarily important in order to obtain higher efficacy and CRI and other two monochromatic components of 460 and 520 nm are secondarily important.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1199K) -
納谷 嘉信, 橋本 健次郎1983 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 260-265
発行日: 1983/06/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーBrightness perception of object colors is affected by the change of color-rendering property of illuminating source, even though the illuminance is kept constant. The cause of this phenomenon is thoroughly studied by a thinking and a subjective experiment, specifically relating to the Kohiraush effect studied by Sanders (ref. 12, 13, 14) and Thornton (ref. 10, 11).
The subjective experiment was done for various object colors by using three kinds of fluorescent lamps with the general color-rendering indies Ra of 64, 84, and 87.
Results are summarized as follows.
(1) The brightness equation proposed by Thornton is inadequate.
(2) The effect of color rendering properties of lighting sources on brightness of object colors is larger than that predicted by the Kahlraush effect studied by Sanders.
(3) Brightness of object color is perceived to increase for an increase of its metric chroma by changing illuminating fluorescent lamps from low to high Ra value.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1153K) -
井山 博之, 小山 敦夫, 赤塚 美津雄, 小松 春樹1983 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 266-271
発行日: 1983/06/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーAn 85 W high pressure sodium discharge lamp ballast for indoor 100 V a. c. source is described. The ballast is composed of a series choke coil with two coils and a switching circuit connected to a junction of the coils. choke coil impedance, turn-ratio between the two coils, blocking voltage of the switching circuit and cut-off current are examined for a suitable operation of the ballast. The ballast consumes 14% less energy and is 50% lighter, than conventional ballast.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3199K) -
高橋 誠, 加藤 義人1983 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 272-276
発行日: 1983/06/01
公開日: 2011/07/19
ジャーナル フリーIn high frequency (HF) operation of a fluorescent lamp (FL) with an aid of ripples caused by full wave rectifier circuit without filter capacitor, the luminous efficacy would be reduced in considerable order because of the dark angle to HF lamp current.
To improve the efficacy, it is proposed to use a switching element and smoothing condenser in the redtifier circuit.
Using this circuit, high efficacy and high power factor for the HF operation of the FL can be achieved.
This switching element is composed of a semiconductor diode, a thyrister and a trigger unit for driving the thyrister.
In the rectifier circuit, with a smoothing condenser of 15 μF, 3, 330 lm of luminous flux is obtained, which exceeds 10% in luminous efficacy compared with the ordinaly AC operation and, also, a power factor more than 85% can be achieved.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2901K)
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