An investigation is analytically and experimentally made onthe inclination factors for estimating the ultimate bearing capacity of shallow strip footings under central load inclined in the direction of footing length. The corresponding analytical inclination factors are found to be generally larger than the previous factors for a load inclined in the direction of the footing width.The analytical values of the present inclination factors are well supported bythe test results of some model footings on clay and sand.

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On-farm development requires a comprehensive and coher ent approach, since it consists of several laborious works. This paper deals with an attempt to develop a procedure for smooth execution of development projects.
Study of conventional projects showed the following bottlenecks.
(1) Preparation of a contour map to be carried out in parallel with the construction of the farm.
(2) Execution of earth works without sufficient pedologic information.
(3) Precise and rapid estimation of earth moving volume.
(4) Determining an appropriate procedure for construction and supervision.
For surmounting the above difficulties, this paper proposes:
(1) Adopting a grid survey map without drawing the contours.(2) Specifying the disposal of the soils.
(3) Developing a “ponderable balancing method” for estimating the earth work.
(4) Establishing criteria for quality control.
(5) Strengthening the power of the supervisor to control the progress of theproject.
The proposed procedure was standardized so that it can be applied to real construction projects.

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A nonlinear discrete structural design optimization code composed of Integer Gradient Direction (IGD) which later obtained support from the Subsequential Search Interval (SSI) and Modified Rosenbrocks Orthogonalization Procedure (MROP) is generated. To reveal the effectiveness of the generated code, a practical design problem, greenhouse design optimiza tion, is considered. Three different standard sections, standard H-section (JIS G 3353-1978), standard [-section (JIS G 3350-1977) and standard Angle section (JIS G 3192-1977), are used in the design in order to find the most suitable section or section combination for the greenhouse. It is found that individual H-section and [-section or a combination of the two the most optimal section/sections, whereas Angle section is the worst as a main framework. Optimum designs for greenhouses are found to be equally effective as to small buildings and some other small constructions.

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Water management in an irrigation scheme with a long conveyance system is very difficult due to the prolonged flow-traveling time. Therefore, it is imperative that a simple method for. the estimation of the flow - traveling time be developed, and hence the method of non-dimensional curve proposed by Iwasaki was applied. However, it was observed in this study that the flow-traveling conditions were slightly different from those of the proposed curve when the canal length exceeded 10km. In this paper, the flow-traveling conditions in a natural river (67km) functioning as a head race are discussed based on on-site and numerical experiments.

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Land utilization for livestock can be divided into there types: 1: Exclusive use for grassland, 2: Land for livestock combined with crop farming, 3: Land for livestock combined with forestry. Type 1 is the most important for Japanese animal husbandry in the future. These grasslands should be developed over all the mountainous areas close to villages. The author proposes a basic policy for grassland development in these areas.

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