This study analyzed the development process of horticultural well-being activities, based on the case study of “Funakata Farm” at Noda City in Chiba Prefecture. The issues and possibilities of horticultural well-being activities were clarified with the participation of various actors. Through the process of activities, the workshop helped to effectively grasp the issues, such as shortage of hands and lack of funds, and to design future vision. Furthermore, specialized knowledge on horticulture and welfare is required in order to extend these activities to persons with disabilities and elderly persons. This would be possible by cooperation with welfare facilities and research institutes.

In this study, we investigated the relation between a distribution of landscape resources and the residents’ recognition in the old castle town in Sanda City, Hyogo. We divided a study area with 3 areas; old residential area, merchant’s houses area and teramachi area by the land use of the early modern times and current. And we picked up 295 landscape resources by the field survey. At the result, there was difference in the distribution of green spaces and historical buildings between 3 areas. At the results of the questionnaire survey to residents while they strolling through the town and taking a workshop for the landscape of the study area, there were 124 recognition points. And 46% of recognition points didn’t correspond to landscape resources. In addition, there were difference in the recognition types between 6 spots where recognition points were concentrated, such as the nostalgic type appeared in the park and water-way and the symbolic types appeared in the street with historic buildings. These results suggested that the importance of considering the landscape planning for 6 model spots of 3 areas in the old castle town.

This paper was conducted to evaluate the residents’ conservation awareness of a terrace slope forest by using amount of Willingness To Pay （WTP）. This green space is an important landmark for this area, but it has a development possibility to become solar panels. The assessment of these green spaces are insufficient in previous research. Influences of different residential communities, and visibility and accessibility of green spaces are mainly discussed in the previous research. We used the Generalized Linear Models by results of WTP of the Contingent Valuation Method and each residents attribute variables (e.g. different residential communities and land ownership, and visibility of green space). It clarified that the interest for forest utilization and conservation, and accessibility and visibility from their home strongly influences to increase WTP compared with differences of residential communities and land ownership of this green space. It also clarified that the terrace slope forests are important not only for owners and users of this forest but also residents who can use and see the forest.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the method to know key issues which green infrastructure can help to improve and targeting score for the priorities by small areas of the city in Liverpool Green Infrastructure Strategy. As a result, the planning process is divided into three steps as follows. Step 1 identifies the strategic priorities for the city. In this step, the priorities are decided based on the evidences and several meetings with stakeholders from across the city. Step 2 focuses data gathering and data mapping. In this step, existing green infrastructure types and functions are identified and the needs of green infrastructure are evaluated. Step 3 identifies actions and issues at the level of small areas of the city. This step develops possible actions based on green infrastructure solution for the priorities. And number of issues is specified across Middle Layer Super Output Areas of national statistics through using existing other statistics data and all kinds of survey data. Furthermore, the targeting scores by neighborhood management area, ward, and other strategic area are calculated quantitatively. This study examined the method of green infrastructure planning for small areas and discussed preliminarily the significance and problems of this method.

Kohoku new town, constructed in suburbs of Yokohama-city in high economic growth period, built Green Matrix System (GMS), systematizing open space, public accommodation site and traffic. GMS, providing still good house environment today and being inherent with the characteristic of ex-natural environments, however, could not completely structure local natural environments as aimed at the beginning of the planning. In this study, we grasped relationship between GMS and the former natural environment, comparing the present facilities and land use in southern part of Kohoku NT with original landform. We clarified the water system and the characteristic of farmlands, which GMS could not involve with its structure. The result become basis for the future area reorganization that assumed NT a nucleus.

The new town, built to respond for housing demand in high economic growth period, had been developed in hilly suburbs area. Development plans of such new towns seem to be related natural environments closely, especially to former, original landform. Kozoji New Town, located in northeast part of Nagoya metropolitan area, was one of such new towns in the hilly area. In this study, we focused on water supply and drainage system of Kozoji New Town, to examine the effect of original landform to the development plan and urban infrastructure of the NT. The drainage system and districts follow the former valleys and ridges, while the water supply system and districts distribute water in accordance with altitudes. We also identified modification of these systems, influenced by constructing highrise buildings on ridges. We concluded that characteristics of the infrastructure of Kozoji New Town are still related to former natural environment.

A method for computing photosynthesis rate of a tree using realistic plant models, AMAP, is discussed in this paper. Photosynthetic rate calculation is an important factor to estimate the growth rate of plants and landscape dynamics in green spaces. However, photosynthesis of plants is difficult to compute because of plants' complex three-dimensional structures composed of leaves, branches and trunks. Complicated structure makes it hard to quantify irradiation intensity caught by each leaf, which is a major factor to define photosynthetic rate. On another front, simulation models which recreate a plant structure inside computer make progress. This enables simulating light acquisition of leaves by ray-tracing methods. Accordingly we compute photosynthesis rate in a sunny summer day using AMAP plant models. The results show that photon weight for ray-tracing greatly influence the amount of photosynthesis rate, and should be set carefully according to target scale. And these calculations suggest that an impact of light shading by branches is slightly large. This method can be applied to a simulation of plants dynamics, for example. And such a simulation will be expected to offer new insights of the landscape managements.

The object of our study is to clarify the effects and the environmental conditions of an ecological path in order to help semi-terrestrial crabs migrate from the forest to the shore on the reclaimed shore in Southern Osaka, through investigating the actual conditions that crabs migrate from the forest to the shore. As a result, it became clear that crabs used the ecological path to migrate from the forest to the sea, but the number of crabs found in the ecological path was a few. It also became clear that the number of crabs found in the places near stone masonries having deep space increased when we sprinkled water over the ecological path for a few days. Additionally we showed the possibility that the ecological path provide new habitats for crabs.

It is important to form the ecological network that is linked preserved forest areas by ecological corridor to retain the biodiversity in urban area. We focused on small rivers running in city as one of the ecological corridor. To spread the ecological network over minutely, it is important to clear that role of the small river for network and maintenance it favorably. In this study, we selected the Lake Biwa canal running in urban area of Kyoto city and forest areas and residential areas near the canal. We investigated birds that are species indicate environment and trees along the canal. As a result, it was cleared that the Lake Biwa canal has a more positive influence on the biodiversity than residential areas. The positive influence is caused by the number of trees along the canal, and it was cleared that birds like forest and urban areas tend to come and go between forest and the canal more actively by increasing the number of arbor than by increasing species of trees.

Orthopterans and their songs are deeply rooted in Japanese culture. In the present study, we investigated the distribution of Euconocephalus varius in suburban areas to analyze the factors influencing their distribution. The study sites were located in Fujisawa and Chigasaki Cities, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. On a large scale, we counted E. varius by their calling songs at census points 200 m apart, and, on a small scale, recorded the vegetation types, height, and areas where they were distributed. Furthermore, we collected vegetation maps created by government surveys. The relationship between the frequency of E. varius and vegetation coverage around the census points was analyzed. An analysis of the large-scale areas revealed that vegetation types have a significant positive influence on E. varius distribution, such as paddy field areas around the 100 m buffer (p<0.001). In the small-scale analysis, tall grasslands, bushes and hedges were important habitats, and these small patches enabled E. varius to survive in urbanized areas. The present study shows that E. varius can adapt to highly urbanized areas. Therefore, they could be considered one of target species regarding green space conservation in urban areas.

This paper aims to identify how the landscape of Arashiyama in Kyoto was appreciated in the first half of the 20th century. We focused on the riverside scenery around Oi River. Our research was based on 288 postcards with photographs, which were published between 1900 and 1945. First, we measured the distance and direction between each viewpoint and the farthest point. Based on distances and directions of all postcards, we described scenery types and showed their distribution in the area. Second, we focused on the appearance of water surfaces and analyzed combinations of them. Third, we investigated waterfront lines and scenery elements. Our results were: 1) 6 types of scenery were found. Some of them featured particular viewpoints such as views from Nakanoshima; 2) The description of water surfaces showed variety especially around river structures such as the Togetsu Bridge and the IchinoIseki weir; 3) Over 80% of waterfront lines were interrupted: in many cases, they contained elements such as boats, fishermen, and trees. We concluded that Oi River was appreciated both from distant and close views, and that the location was described in multiple ways. It can be said that the landscape of Arashiyama was appreciated based on a comprehensive perspective of both the land and water zones.