In this study, a questionnaire survey in Kyoto City revealed the awareness and tolerance of local residents as the value consciousness of Spodiopsar cineraceus colonies formed on street trees. As a result, many people realized that they could not tolerate the colony. As a point they can't stand, they were concerned about hygiene caused by excrement. Colony perception was also thought to be influenced by the presence or absence of actual harm. On the other hand, it was thought that few people would like to take measures to eliminate the colony. Those who admitted to being able to put up with the colonies and those who didn't want to be driven away by countermeasures thought that the pruning of street trees should not be rigorous. Therefore, it was thought that existing measures and pruning of street trees were not necessarily the consensus of local residents. This is supported by the fact that many people called for coexistence with starlings. Then, from the covariance structure analysis, it was shown that the resistance of the colony is increased by increasing the value consciousness of animals and plants and the value consciousness of street trees. Therefore, in order to create a city with a view to coexisting with Spodiopsar cineraceus, it is necessary to foster a value consciousness for animals and plants and a sense of value for street trees.

‘Utamakura’ are well-known sights in ancient Japanese literature, and are typical of Japanese traditional landscapes. In early modern times, people rarely knew their exact location. Tatsuta is a famous ‘Utamakura’ in Nara prefecture where many people link it with the image of beautiful ‘Momiji,’ maples with red leaves. This paper aims to consider how the landscape of ‘Tatsuta’ was comprehended through analyzing the descriptions of the travelogues in early modern times. Travelers evaluated the landscapes based on the image of the literature, but they often indicated that real landscapes were different from the images in the literatures. In early modern times, there were still traditions and natural features concerned with literature in Tatsuta, which were thought to be made by villagers based on the literatures, and they affected how travelers comprehended landscapes. For example, it was not until villagers planted maples, that travelers began to enjoy real maples on the Tatsuta River. Travelers comprehended the landscape of Tatsuta through overlapping the knowledge of ancient literatures, which have been transmitted in different ways in early modern times, with the real world. This paper is significant in that it leads a better understanding of the traditional Japanese view of landscape and the process of its formation.

Jomon Prehistoric Sites in Northern Japan will be inscribed on the World Heritage List at the 44th session of the World Heritage Committee in 2021. The value of each of the component sites is transmitted to visitors through various efforts such as exhibitions and hands-on learning. This study clarified the current situation and the issues to determine whether the efforts made at each site contribute to transmitting the value of the sites as a World Heritage site to visitors. This study analyzed and evaluated whether the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) of the sites is transmitted through the three approaches: the explanatory panels at the outdoor interpretation facilities, the explanatory panels at the guidance facilities, and the hands-on learning at the interactive learning facilities. As a result, it was found that the degree of transmission of the OUV of the sites was uneven depending on the aspect. To effectively transmit the value of the sites, it would be desirable to eliminate this bias and to consider measures so that the information conveyed by explanatory boards and panels and the actions conveyed by hands-on learning are integrated with the archaeological remains.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the features of land use change in the agricultural and residential mixed area after the World War II. The land use change in the Shishibone area in Edogawa Ward, Tokyo, is analyzed by using aerial photographs and residential maps. As a result of the research, the following findings were acquired. First, farmland was most lost between 1960 and 1975, when much farmland was converted to residential or vacant land (parking lots and storage yards). Secondly, in the areas where there were no residential areas as of 1948, many vacant land lots (parking lots and storage yards) appeared after farmland disappeared. In areas where residential areas had already been formed as of 1948, farmland of various area scales has been preserved until today, while housing land has been gradually developed from blocks adjacent to existing housing land. Third, in the area where strong restriction on building coverage to regulate farmland conversion were lifted in 1959, farmland was maintained as a result, contrary to the original planning intent. On the other hand, in the area where the restriction was continued until 1969, a lot of farmland was converted so far.

COVID-19 has led to demands for a different lifestyle. Parks are required to respond to complex needs, such as promoting their use while preventing infection. This constitutes an opportunity for citizens to rediscover the appeal of the park, which is accessible to everyone. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively understand the role and significance of urban parks in Japan and apply this understanding to improvement and management based on the changes in usage and user comments for urban parks. Specifically, we investigated both the objective viewpoint, such as the current state and actual usage of urban parks, and the subjective viewpoint, such as the comments and opinions of park users using the text data of newspapers from January 2020 to March 2021. In addition to changes in the number of people infected, the survey found positive feelings about living in a park as people are forced to refrain from living, although negative opinions were found about the park. Accordingly, we can understand the process by which people again realize the need for the urban parks itself.

Inland lakes located around Lake Biwa in Shiga, have important wetland ecosystems with rich biodiversity. However, they have been facing problems in recent years, such as the loss of functioning due to degradation and a weakening relationship between people. To promote inland lake conservation, a cooperation of local stakeholders based on a common understanding of different values and perceptions is needed. This study investigated stakeholder engagement and local perception towards Omimaiko naiko, an inland lake located in Otsu City by conducting interviews and questionnaire surveys. It was found that more than half of the respondents showed a high willingness to participate in local activities related to the inland lake. Newcomers, who are highly motivated to participate in local activities and have little involvement with existing community organizations, will play an important role in considering future civic activities. Regarding local perceptions, among all demographics the inland lake was highly rated in terms of its landscape value. On the other hand, the perceptions of "ecosystem," "culture and education," and "economy and industry" differed by demographics. It is important to grasp the attributes and value perceptions of residents from multiple perspectives, and to promote the awareness of issues and consideration of future scenarios.

The purpose of this study was to compare the situation and to capture the characteristics of the use and long-term introduction of indoor greening, rooftop greening mainly for rehabilitation, and rooftop greening mainly for viewing, in 11 case studies of seven hospitals. The results showed that indoor greening is characterized by the installation of hospital-owned potted plants in areas other than consultation rooms, treatment rooms, and patient rooms, and that all hospitals have introduced plants whose condition is checked by hospital staff. Rooftop greening had in common the fact that many kinds of plants were planted and the condition of the plants was checked by hospital staff. However, the following differences were also observed. That is, in the case of rooftop greening mainly for rehabilitation, it tended to be managed by contractors and hospital staff. On the other hand, it tended to be managed by contractors in rooftop greening mainly for viewing. In addition to that, differences in the perception of the introduction of rooftop greening were also indicated between for rehabilitation and for viewing.

Using Kashiwa City in Chiba Prefecture as a case of a suburban residential community in the Tokyo Metropolitan Region, the present study identified the trends of garden trees in detached houses with a focus on the development decade. We conducted a field survey and a stereoscopic aerial photo analysis to determine tree species, height, and canopy area in the selected districts by different development decades. The result can be summarized as follows; 1) The highest values were confirmed in both canopy area and number of species in the 1980s-developed district, while the values became lower in the 90s and 2000s. 2) Rebuilding of houses may influence the lower values in canopy area and number of species in the 1970s. 3) Few differences were found in tree height in the selected districts. 4) While Japanese-style gardens consisting of native species were preferred in the 70s and 80s, Western-style gardens became mainstream in the 90s. In the 2000s, more introduced species were found, and specific popular species were preferred.