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Volume 13 (1963)
- Issue 6 Pages 379-
- Issue 5 Pages 305-
- Issue 4 Pages 225-
- Issue 3 Pages 141-
- Issue 2 Pages 67-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 13, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Goro ITO1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 305-306
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (388K) -
Blistering caused by water vapour in the heating atmosphereNamio KAWASHIMA, Hajime YAMADA, Yutaka SATO1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 307-314
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous report, the blistering of aluminium sheet which takes place due to the gas contained in the molten metal was discussed. But, besides such sort of blister, it has been found out that there is a blistering caused by the hydrogen gas absorbed into solid aluminium through the reaction between the metal and vapoured water vapour in the heating atmosphere.
The blister of this sort is much smaller in size but grows more density compared with the ordinary one.
This is to report on the study about this sort of blister and the findings are summed up as follows:
(1) When the heating atmosphere contains more water vapour, the blistering is more remarkable.
(2) Most of the blisters grow at the grain boundary of recrystallization.
(3) The thinner the sheet is, the more remarkably the blister grows. Particularly, when the thickness of sheet goes down to about 0.1mm or less, the growth of the blister increases intensively. It is also connected with the purity of metal. The higher the purity is, the more the growth of blister is.
(4) When the moisture is much contained in the heating atmosphere, the blister grows at the temperature of 350°C or higher.
(5) If the heating speed is high, no blistering can be seen.
(6) The crystalline oxide film formed on the surface of metal seems to prevent the blistering.
(7) The blistering could be avoided by decresing the moisture in the heating atmosphere.View full abstractDownload PDF (1492K) -
Takashi IKENO, Kizo SHIBATA1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 315-324
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo produce the sheet which flows uniformly in all direction in deep drowing process, the effect of the manufacturing conditions of 2S sheets upon the anisotropy, i.e. earing phenomena on deep drawn cup was investigated.
The results obtained are summarized as follows;
(1) Ratio of Fe/Si gives the effect on the anisotropy as revealed by the height of ears in drawing cups. The more the Fe content the greater 45°-ears is in the sheets, and with the decrease in the ratio of Fe/Si the anisotropy becomes small.
(2) A feather structure of slab ingot also emphasizes 45°-ears
(3) The higher temperature and longer time in preheating of slab ingots, make the 40°-ears remarkable.
(4) When 2S sheet is given the intermediate annealing, C-90°-ears are appear. It is usually necessary for producing a earless sheet that 80-90% cold reduction is given before final annealing.
(5) The ears of 2S sheet straight rolled without intermediate annealing, could not be controlled easily by the final annealing only, therefore, it is necessary to maintain carefull control of ratio of Fe/Si, hot-rolling conditions, cold reduction or coll rolling schedules and others.View full abstractDownload PDF (1794K) -
On the 10 per cent hydronaliumTakuichi MORINAGA, Tsuneo TAKAHASHI1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 325-335
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is well recognized that 10% Hydronalium alloy reveals the highest mechanical properties among the sand casting aluminium alloys after appropriate solution heat treatment. But sound castings and higher mechanical properties are expected only by best foundry practices and adquate heat treatments.
In the first place, in order to clarify the effect of maximum heating temperature and casting temperature on the final mechanical properties, the molten metal was cast at various tempreatures in heating cycle to maximum tempereature as well as in cooling. The mechanical properties scarcely vary owing to the maximum melting temperature.
To obtain the best properties of 10 per cent Hydronalium, temperature of solution heat treatment becomes essential, which bring β phase (Al3Mg2 or Al8Mg5), Mg2Si and Al3Fe compounds into single α solid solution. So it becomes necessary for us to definite the crystal structure of β phase itself to investigate the process of heat treatment.
After surveying X-ray diffraction patterns of polycrystalline β phase, the authors confirmed that the β phase was f.c.c. lattice with very large lattice parameter, and it was also revealed that the atomic arrangement of the phase fluctuates by trace impurities.
As homogenization during solution heat treatment is considered to be affected by the temperature and time of holding, dilatometric test, X-ray analysis and optical microscopic observation have been carried out in order to confirm above effects (during solution heat treatments).
In the course of solution treatment, contraction of the specimen was observed, which seems to explain the disintegration of β phase into α solid solution. The higher the temperature, the more rapid the shrinkage proceed, however, volume change is not complated until after 30 hours. Moreover, we have performed supplemental experiments to investigate the effect of magnesium content, time of holding and cooling media (air, boiling water) on the mechanical properties, and on corrosion resistance.
The addition of a large quantity of magnesium improves tensile strength though elongation decreases greatly, when magnesium content exceed 12 per cent, the mechanical properties found to be rather unstable. Quenching in boiling water developed better results than air cooling.View full abstractDownload PDF (2913K) -
Effect of the small addition of manganese, chromium, nickel, zinc, tin, antimony, lead and cobalt on the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of Al-Mg-Si ternary alloyShiro TERAI, Yoshio BABA1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 336-350
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis is to report on the study of the effect of the small addition of manganese, chromium, nickel, zinc, tin, antimony, lead and cobalt on the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of Al-(Mg+Si_??_1.1%) ternary alloy with different Mg/Si weight ratis.
The findings are as follows:
(1) The addition of manganese and chromium gives the largest effect on the decrease of electrical conductivity of the extruded products of Al-Mg-Si alloy, especially chromium, of all the elements. It seems due to the difficulty of precipitating chromium from the ingot in supersaturated solid solution.
(2) In a practical view point, the properties of extruded product of Al-Mg-Si alloy added with less than 0.03% manganese or chromium barely can meet the requirement of 2EC-T6 or 6101-T6 standard, where the electrical conductivity of 55% TAGS and ultimate tensile strength of 20.3kg/mm2.
(3) Zinc besides manganese and chromium fairly increases the strength of as-extruded products of Al-Mg-Si alloy. It can not be explained by the extrusion texture "press-effect" because the structure of extruded products containing zinc shows enough recrystallization in the state of as-extruded. Therefore the closer investigation on the effect of zinc on the precipitation of Mg2 Si ("hardenability") may be required.
(4) The mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of extruded products of Al-Mg-Si alloy are not particularly influenced by the addition of nickel, tin, antimony, lead and cobalt in the present experiment.View full abstractDownload PDF (2243K) -
Effect of beryllium on oxidation of magnesium and its alloysChuyo HISATSUNE, Tsutomu HAGIHARA1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 351-361
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of beryllium addition on magnesium and magnesium-aluminium alloys were studied by measurement of weight increase accompanied by oxidation process in dry oxygen and with electron diffraction of oxide films formed. In the temperature range of 440°-650°C, so-called protective and coherent films were formed on magnesium alloys containing beryllium.
It was shown that 0.002-0.003% beryllium addition supresses effectively the progress of oxidation of magnesium-aluminium alloys.
As to some films which showed protective behaviour on oxidation of magnesium alloys, the presence of BeO in oxide films was found by electron diffraction analysis. It was presumed that the oxide film containing BeO controlles the oxidation of magnesium alloys.View full abstractDownload PDF (2014K) -
Takuichi MORINAGA, Tuneo TAKAHASHI, Yoshio KATO, Shiyoichi MIYAKAWA1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 362-367
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe experiments were carried out to determine the composition of an important phase in alloy layer which give superior effect to heat resistance of hot dip aluminized steel. The tests were made on microstructure, microhardness and X-ray analysis. The results obtained were as follows:
(1) The composition of an important phase in the intermediate layer is Fe2Al5(η). The excellent heat resistance of aluminized steel depends upon the presence of η.
(2) In the as aluminized, η phase appears clearly in coating layer, but it is not possible to deny the presence of θ phase at all. It is difficult to confirm θ phase in what happened when aluminized sample was given a 2 hour diffusion heat-treatment at 800°C.
(3) As a result of diffusion heat-treatment at 800°C, the microstructure of the coated layer appears to be a five-zone, except Fe layer. The higher the carbon content of base steel, the greater the tendency for apperance of various zones. The hardest phase in those zones is η, and its value is Hv 900-1000. When the aluminized sample is given one hour diffusion heat-treatment at 500°C, it is impossible to confirm those zones by microscope, and the hardeness value of intermediate layer is Hv 700-800. In the as aluminized, that value is Hv 550-600.View full abstractDownload PDF (1550K) -
Hajime YAMADA, Motoshi NISHISAKA, Masaaki ABE1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 368-373
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: October 30, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the purpose of the analysis of silicon and copper in high purity aluminium, the colorimetric analysis is established in JIS H 1301, but this method can not satisfy the requirement in practical works because it takes a long time to get the result.
The purpose of this investigation is to establish a technique for the quantitative analysis of silicon or copper by emision spectrochemical analysis using "pin to plane" intermittent A.C.-arc source unit.
The results obtained are as follows.
(1) Most suitable condition of excitation is-current 6Å, intermittent ratio 1/4×1/sec, and exposure time 6see.
(2) When ISi 2881.58Å/IIAl 2669.17Å and I 2506.90Å/IIAl 2669.17Å are used as analytical line pairs, 0.0005-0.060% of silicon can be analysed.
(3) When ICu 3273.96Å/IIAl 2669.17Å are used as analytical line pair 0.0004-0.004% of copper can be analysed.
(4) The variation coefficient by this method is 5-10% in case of silicon and 10-20% in the case of copper. The accuracy obtained from this method is sufficient enough for industrial application and it saves the time to one-tenth of the chemical analysis by JIS H 1301.View full abstractDownload PDF (691K)
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