An orthogonal cutting test to study cutting phenomena depending on crystallographic orientations was conducted using aluminum single crystals having random and designated orientations. Variations of the cutting force in cutting process are classified into three patterns according to the differences in the crystal orientation against the cutting direction: (a) Cutting force is stable, (b) cutting force gradually increases with advance of cutting, and (c) cutting force shows a periodic variation. The angle of slip lines obsereved on the side surface of the machined crystal is in good agreement with that theoretically calculated from the active slip system. The plane and direction of slip to contribute to cutting deformation may be known fairly well by observing the slip lines. The mechanism of forming the finished surface of cutting reasonably explaninable from the slip system of the crystal.
A water simulation test on the molten metal flow in the low pressure die casting process was carried out to examine critical conditions for formation and mixing of oxides in the metal flow. The water flow was recorded with TV and stroboscopic cameras. Some important facts are found such as shaking or bubbling on the fluid surface depending upon pressurization rate or change in flow area. The critical condition for a calm flow is also discussed.
Al-0.8%Zr alloy rapidly solidified has an inforced saturated solid solution. The alloy was 80% cold rolled and annealed at 400°, 450°and 500°C. Spherical precipitation prior to progression of recrystallization occured during isothermal annealing at 400°and 450°C, and completion of recrystallization of the alloy was considerably retarded. The competition of preciptitation and recrystallization reactions are illustrated. Solute Zr atoms in the aluminum ma trix considerably retard recrystallization. Spherical particles of a metastable phase uniformly dispersed also further retard recovery and recrystallization of the alloy.
This work has been performed to clarify the origin of an effect of manganese and chromium additions on SCC susceptibility of Al-Mg alloys. Both elements added in the alloys have a remarkable effect for improving SCC in a maximum aging state, but have a little effect in over-aging and especially under-aging states. This fact is attributed to lowering the development of susceptibility resulted from depression of grain boundary precipitation.
A simplified thermal analysis method for dies developed by the authors was applied to production dies. The positions of cooling channels in a die were determined in this method. The die with such channels was made for production of automotive parts. The temperature profiles on the cavity surfaces agreed with those calculated with this method. Casting defects such as shrinkage were reduced with this die.