The rocking chair type lithium secondary battery using an LiCl saturated AlCl
3–1–ethyl–3–methylimidazolium chloride (EMIC) melt as a nonflammable electrolyte operated at room temperatures has been developed. LiCl was soluble in the acidic melts (50 mol%<AlCl
3). In this study, Li metal was added to the melt in order to reduce Al
2Cl
7− remained in the melt to Al and AlCl
4−. As a result, the potential window of the melt became about 4.4 V between the reduction potential of EMI
+ and the oxidation potential of AlCl
4−. Lithium was only deposited on an Al electrode from this melt. Cyclic voltammograms for an Al electrode in the melt showed reversible depositing and resolving behavior for lithium. From X-ray diffraction analysis, it was confirmed that Li–Al alloy was formed on the Al substrate at room temperature. Chronopotentiograms for an Li
xAl electrode in the melt showed
ca. 280 Ah/kg of discharge capacity at the potential plateau range about −1.5 V vs. Al.
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