日本航海学会論文集

表紙

原稿種別: 表紙
1973 年 50 巻 p. Cover1-
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.Cover1

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目次

原稿種別: 表紙
1973 年 50 巻 p. Cover2-
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.Cover2

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海上交通量の観測日数と精度

井上欣三, 原潔

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 1-8
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.1

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Authors investigated the accuracy of anaverageannual daily traffic volume obtained from the observation of an arbitrary number of days as samples. The statistical an alyses were carried out for the results of the long range traffic survey more than one year at three congested straits in Japan. The accuracy (standard deviation over sample average) was approximately inversely proportional to the square root of number of days observed. The following guides for the traffic survey were obtained; (1) Considering the traffic survey cost, the observation for successive seven days might be reasonable from the above relation and the weekly trend of traffic flow. (2) In view of the monthly variation, the traffic survey in October seemed to be suitable because of the relatively steady traffic flow.

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船舶交通流における船の速度分布と通過時間分布の解析

山田一成, 田中健一

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 9-13
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.9

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This paper investigates the problem of estimating the traffic behaviors of vessels in the restricted water area. A stochastic domain around a vessel in the area, in which the navigator would maneuver his vessel with attention to movements of other vessels, is assumed, and then the vessel speed is given as linear functions of the density of the other vessels in the domain. Consequently, it can be said that the distributions of the vessel speed and the travelling-time are approximately related to the binomial distributions.

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海上交通事故の研究-III : 乗揚について

藤井弥平, 山内宏之, 水城南海男

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 15-20
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.15

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The Probability of stranding is studied with the method similar to that used for the case of collision by the authors, using an approximation for the number of strandings, n, on a hidden rock (or shoal or other obstacle): n=PρV(B+D) where ρ, V, D, B, and P are the density of ships, average speed, the width of ship and the width of rock, and the probability of mismaneuvering which leads a vessel to stranding. By using Marine Traffic Accident Library, prepared by the Japanese Association for Preventing Sea Casualties, which includes accidents with slight damage, the values of probability were calculated for water areas where the numbers of strandings in 5 years from 1966 to 1970 were at least 5 and the situations of traffic were well known. The calculation gave: Log P=-3.7±0.4, in which 2×10^<-4> (=10^<-3.7>) is quite close to that of collision.

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海上交通事故の研究-IV : 明るさおよび視程の事故率におよぼす影響

藤井弥平, 山内宏之

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 21-28
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.21

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The influence of darkness on the rate of traffic accidents was studied for several straits where the diurnal changes in the traffic volumes were well known and the numbers of accidents in five years were so large that the number of accidents in each section of four hours was more than 10. The specific rates of collisions or strandings, showed a tendency common to all areas. Since Japanese water spreads mostly from 30°N to 40°N, we may regard the time zone from 1800 to 0400 dark and 0800 to 1600 bright. The specific rate obtained at dark time was about 4 times larger than that at bright time. The influence of fog was also studied using the result of survey on the frequency distribution of visibility, which gave the frequencies of visibility less than 1km were about 1% in most of Japanese waters and those less than 200m were 0.1%. The analysis gave the result that both specific collision rate and specific stranding rate, the rate per length of fog time, are approximately inversely proportional to the visual range.

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避航システムモデルによる衝突確率の考察

原潔

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 29-38
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.29

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Author had proposed in his previous paper a model for estimating the probabilities of collision of ships at waterways applying the queuing theory to the relation between collision avoiding maneuvers and marine traffic. The improved model of collision avoiding system in the present paper was represented by two parameters named the intensity and the allowance of collision avoiding maneuvers, of which the practical meanings of ship handling were discussed. The model was applied to the ships navigating through the ten narrow channels in Japan in order to study the feasibility of the model. The probabilities of collision of ships at each channel by the model were compared with their statistical rates of collision there in last five years and their agreements were found to be good except the low values of the probabilities of collision. Based on the model, the situations of collision and the factors which had influences on collision were quantitatively investigated. It would be capable by the model for us to evaluate the effects of traffic controls and endeavors of navigators to prevent collision on the probabilities of collision.

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航路設計のための海上交通容量-I

杉崎昭生, 鞠谷宏士, 大津皓平, 今津隼馬

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 39-45
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.39

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As the marine traffic capacity is a very important facfor to design a ship channel, a method to obtain the capacity is proposed by authors from a viewpoint of ship maneuvering using computer simulation technigues. From this report, it is shown that the capacities of the 700 meters width straight channel are 32 vessels a hour for the standard vessels C (their length are 150 meter) and 70 vessels a hour for the standard vessels B (their length are 100 meter) by a computer IBM 360-195. Furthermore the results of simalations of a cross type channel (700 meter width) are shown.

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水セメント薄膜のアルカリ溶出形態について

鈴木三郎

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 47-55
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.47

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Studied the manifestation of the dissolving alkaline substances out-of wash-cement, using the method of applied chemical quantitative analysis. If we shall be able to restrain sufficiently, wash-cement exceed evidently organic solvent plastic paint in safety and cost. Searched for the gross alkaline substances contained 1.00g of cement and the variation of dissolution rate for difference of preservation hours, studied some methods of dissolving restraint of alkaline substances. Introduced an example of them-the method by artificial sea-water. The result is as follow ; 1. The gross alkaline substances contained cement convert gramm of Ca(OH)_2, so it is 44.7〜47.6 of cement. 2. Dissolution rate is 55.1〜72.0% of stiffened cement which was preserved for 24〜120 hours. 3. Dissolution restraint rate is 54.7%, as the stiffened cement preserved for 24 hours which was twice submarged in artificial sea-water compared with the stiffened cement in the same manner.

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救命艇とその揚おろし装置の保守手入の実態について

及川清

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 57-66
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.57

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It is reported that, in present condition, the works of launching lifeboats are very dangerous in rough seas, because the movable parts of these devices are not always in good condition. Investigations through questionaire were performed on maintenance of lifeboats and their launching devices from 232 vessels. By the results of this investigations, author point out that practises of maintenance on board are not suitable in method, interval and others. This paper describes some problems on maintenance of lifeboats and their launching devices.

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旋回軌跡の数式表現

久々宮久

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 67-73
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.67

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It is defined that a right-hand orthogonal system is fixed with uniform flow, and that the directions of reference axes Y and X are fixed with respect to the surface of the earth. Suppose that a turning path is given in the form of X=f (Y), it becomes merely a mathematical treatment to determine the values of turning factors such as the drift angle, the position of a pivot point, and so on. A turning path is usually obtained by drawing a smooth curve which connects the relative positions of a ship to the turning mark. The positions of a ship being observed intermittently, drawing the turning curve may be reduced to the calculation of the curve of regression of X on Y, or γ on θ, in which (γ, θ) is the polar representation for (Y, X). The author's interest is centered in determining the turning factors of a ship whose curvature of the path and speed are not uniform, but here in this paper he reports the results of his attempt to calculate regression curves for the ordinary turning trial data, and their uses. The author intended to obtain the regression coefficients C_m for Laurent series; γ_i=Σ^^∞__<m=-∞>C_mθ^m. From a practical point of view, he limited the range of m to |m|≦3; that is, (1) γ_i=Σ^^3__<m=0>C_mθ^m (2) γ_i=Σ^^0__<m=-3>C_mθ^m (3) γ_i=Σ^^3__<m=-3>C_mθ^m The most suitabie type of equation for the data is deceided upon by comparing the values of Q=Σ__i{γ_i-Σ__mC_mθ^m}^2. Thus, the equation whose Q is the smallest among the three is decided to be the one he seeks after.

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船舶避航操縦シミュレータの開発とその応用例

小瀬邦治, 小林弘明

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 75-84
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.75

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Recently the Marine Traffic has been confused rapidly, therefore its control is being required. On the control of ship's traffic, the characteristics of ship's motion must be introduced. Ship's motion is a function of the steering and moreover the steering is decided by the operator depending upon Ship's motion and the state of surroundings.In the aspect the steering motion is able to regard to compose a closed-loop feed-back system by combination of the operator and ship. The maneuvering of ship such as avoiding collision must be composed of the above feed-back system. The authors have made a maneuvering simulator for avoiding collision-The block diagram of that simulator is shown in Fig.1-and made some systematic investigations on the feed-back system. In this paper, the authors report the idea of the construction and some results of the experiment by this device.

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運動学的に見た衝突現象-I

杉崎昭生, 大津皓平

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 85-90
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.85

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It is said that collisions occur accidentally and there are many factor related to. To this fact, authors showed the situation of collision using some parameters such as aspect, speed and bearing, and the maneuvering technique preventing from collision driving ship to alter her course and/or speed considering ship's size. Moreover it is shown that the method and procedure of analysis ar eused.

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港湾水路の幅員について

飯島幸人, 本田啓之輔

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 91-103
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.91

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The design of harbour entrances must be dictated by the size and manoeuvrability of the largest vessel anticipated enter to the harbour and also the local factors, but it does not seem that the design of existing harbour attempts so closely as to be connected with above factors. This paper described how a criterion of habour channel width are expressed as a numerical formula by above factors. The total width of channel is divided into three widths whose clearance are based upon the study of Panama Canal, that is, a) width of manoeuvring lane, b) width of the bank clearance lane, and c) width of the ship clearance lane, and the total width of channel was formulated as follows; W=2[{C_1d+(C_2V_a+V_c)T+C_3B}+C_4 B]+C_5L Where d: distance to a steering object B: ship beam V_a, V_c: wind and current speed L: ship length T: manoeuvrability index The authors decided these constants C_1〜C_5, and refered a problem of the ship traffic control as an application of this formula.

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台風の波の計算周期の分布について

井上篤次郎, 和気博嗣

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 105-110
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.105

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One of the severest sea condition is occurred in a typhoon as well known. But the wave distribution of typhoon has been insufficient mainly due to the lack of observation. The authors presented the paper about the wave height distribution which obtained from the numerical computation based on the energy balance equation. The results explained the character of the waves of Typhoon. This time, the distribution pattern of wave period is presented. The wave period distribution shows a similar pattern of wave height, and the results seems very reasonable.

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本邦沿岸の船舶通航実態 : 剣崎から友ケ島付近の接岸航路付近

田辺穰, 加藤昭三, 塩田重須

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 111-119
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.111

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For the last few years, ships' traffic investigations on the narrow channels or straits are being pursued closely in Japan. And the useful informations help us to know the actual conditions of the ships' traffic in those waters. But the actual observations and studies of the ships' traffic in the coastal waters have not been conducted before in Japan. We must leave these for a future studies. In this type of the studies we need many informations and the choice of the method to collect the informations is in itself a problem. Here we introduce some of our recent studies by the photographic recording method of the radar screen. The recordings have been obtained from the voyage along the coast from Tokyo to Kobe, covering the distance of about 370 nautical miles. Further studies will be left over to the future. The summary reports are as following. 1. The photographic recording method of the radar screen will be a great help in collecting informations. 2. The average number of the ships within a radius of ten nautical miles was more than 30 in the above mentioned area. 3. The main or congested area of the coastal route and its width were somewhat observed.

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関門海峡における乗揚海難の動向

神鳥昭

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 121-128
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.121

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A large number of strandings occurred every year in the Kanmon strait. The strandings, the highest in all the types of accident in this area, occupied 41 per cent of all the accidents occurred in the recent 8 years. The majority of marine accidents in this strait was stranding or collision, and the fitting counterplan to avoid these accidents has been required. It is, therefore, the first necessity of clarifying the actual state of the accident. The data sources for this study were the casuality questionnairs inquired by the 7th Regional Maritime Safety Headquarters for the period of 1962-1969 and the reports of marine traffic survey of the Kanmon strait. The general trends of strandings in the strait were examined statistically in this paper.

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大畠瀬戸(山口県)の潮流調査について

阿土拓司, 中島祐, 佐藤徹郎

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 129-134
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.129

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To investigate a change of tidal current influenced by the bridge pillar which is now under construction over OBATAKE STRAIT, and to cnosider safety way of sea navigation under the bridge.

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交差方位法,三点両角法による測定船位の精度分布-II

平岩節

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 135-140
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.135

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As the accuracy of a ship's position fixed by the cross bearing or the horizontal sextant angle method is determined by way of functions of distances and intersecting angles, in most cases, the closer one stands near any object the better he can get a highly accurate position, and on the contrary the farther away from it the poorer the accuracy he can obtain. The extent of inadequate accuracy is subject to the relation between three objects and the observation point, therefore it is not easy to know the entire aspect of the problem. In a former paper, the author calculated the probability densities of every point, and drew accuracy contours of the ship's positions, when the distance between A and B equals the distance between A and C. In this paper, he draws accuracy contours of the ship's positions, when the ratio of the distance between A and C to the distance between A and B is 2:1 (Fig.1 and Fig.3) The process of map drawing is troublesome, but if one examines those maps and the former ones closely, he can obtain the main point of these papers.

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レーダ信号の統計的特性と処理-I

庄司和民, 清水紀雄

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 141-148
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.141

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Writers have made a trial set of on-line system measuring statistical characters of radar signals for the purpose to improve abilities of radar systems and to determine the data processing system of radar data computer. There are mentioned in this report the brief explanation of the set, and some results of measurments of auto-correlation functions, power-spectrums and density functions of sea echoes, land echoes and ship echoes.

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舶用レーダによる船体反射強度の方向性について-I

藤井英信, 前田文郎

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 149-153
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.149

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The authors have measured the echo power of the ship target, Training Ship (G/T 360tons), as a function of azimuth aspect angle at 4 miles range. The result of the measurement and the presumed Radar Cross Section are shown in Table 1, Fig.3 and Fig.4. On the results of the measurement, they point out as follows ; (1) The Radar Cross Section of the ship target is quite sensitive to aspect. The minimum cross section of the ship occurs near the head-on aspect. The cross section of the 360tons ship at the broadside aspect is roughly sixty times larger than that at the head-on aspect. (2) The echo power received from the ship target is almost never constant. The chief source of this fluctuation is that of variations in the ship cross section.

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オイルフェンスの性能(滞油能)に関する実験

橋本武

原稿種別: 本文
1973 年 50 巻 p. 155-165
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.155

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At the treatment of spilled oil on sea mechanical barriers (boom, oilfence) are feasible in mild sea weather conditions but there are many unknown factors on uses and controls of them corresponding to the various behaviors and configurations of the oil layers which are kept at the front of them. The states of the oil layers kept by the barriers are studied by using a waterway of 30cm width, 20cm height and 140cm length, in which the water stream is uniform at volantary speed below 25cm/sec. Results found by experiments are as follows ; (1) The states of the oil layers are divided roughly into three zones. (2) The relations between the states of the oil-water bordering surface of each zone and the effects of the water current upon it are explained as follows ; (a) The headwave at the front part of the oil layers are caused by the water current pushing the leading edge of the oil layers near the water surface. (b) The travelling waves at the middle zone of the oil layers are caused by the water current contacting the oil layers. (c) The standing waves near the skirt of the barriers are caused by returning water and eddy current. The behaviors of the oil layers due to the water current are very complicated according to the encounting influence of the headwave and the travelling waves, there often generates the oil droplet at the crest of a large wave. Thus the states of staying oil layers are classified into two situations as follows ; (1) A stable situation ; The frequency and the amounts of oil leakage under the skirt are very rare and little respectively. (2) An unstable situation ; The frequencyy and the amounts of oil leakage are often and large respecively. (3) Oil-keeping capacity of the barriers are estimated by the product of the oil-amount (Q) kept by the barriers and the speed (v) of the water currents.

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学会誌航海原稿執筆のしおり

原稿種別: 付録等
1973 年 50 巻 p. App1-
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.App1

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論文集原稿執筆のしおり

原稿種別: 付録等
1973 年 50 巻 p. App2-
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.App2

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奥付

原稿種別: 付録等
1973 年 50 巻 p. App3-
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.App3

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裏表紙

原稿種別: 表紙
1973 年 50 巻 p. Cover3-
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.Cover3

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CONTENTS

原稿種別: 表紙
1973 年 50 巻 p. Cover4-
発行日: 1973/12/30
公開日: 2017/01/15

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.9749/jin.50.Cover4

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