巻号一覧
23 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1～16を表示しています
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村上 陽太郎, 外村 高志1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 685-688
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of iron, phosphorus, titanium and zirconium as the added elements on the grain growth in high purity brass have been reported in our previous papers. In the present paper, the effects of a small amount of manganese, magnesium and chromium were investigated after annealing for 1 hour at various temperatures or rapid short time heating at higher temperatures above 700°C. In the case of the ordinary annealing, manganese and magnesium are not much effective for grain-size control of brass when present in quantities less than 0.5%, but at higher annealing temperatures they have a restrictive effect on the grain growth. On the other hand, a small amount of chromium is very effective in retarding the grain growth at ordinary annealing when present 0.009% or more, but at higher annealing temperatures, the restrictive effect of chromium was found to be reduced.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (726K) -
矢島 悦次郎, 古沢 浩一1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 689-691
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーHigh elastic limit and high fatigue strength are necessary for valve springs, but small settling is also necessary. We have made an observation on this phenomena and an investigation on the effect of bluing conditions. The results obtained were as follows. (1) The settling curves (settling value—testing time curves) are the same as the primary and secondary creep curves. (2) In the case of a large compression, the settling value is largely affected by the bluing temperature. (3) The minimum of settling value is obtained by bluing at 300°C when the testing time is one hour. (4) Under the bluing temperature below 200°C, the longer the bluing time the smaller is the settling. If the bluing temperature is over 350∼400°C, the settling value reaches the maximum and gradually grows smaller. (5) By microscopic examination, structual changes were observed over 350°C. (6) These results are the same as the strain-aging of low carbon steel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (372K) -
室 博1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 691-695
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーHardened steel exhibits slow but remarkable flow during tempering under sustained stress, which causes no such plasticity in annealed state. To certify the plastic flow of tempered steel below tempering temperature in relation to the dimensional accuracy of ball bearings the twisting creep below 300°C was studied using variously heat-treated specimens of SUJ-2. On the heating of quenched specimens at 2°C/min under shear stress of 1.8∼15 kg/mm2, the total strain increment below the designated temperature (named cumulative flow) increases linearly with stress and is zero only at zero stress. The cumulative flow may relate to the quantity and initial carbon concentration of martensite. The cumulative flow of tempered specimens has a transition temperature, determined by the temperature and the holding time of tempering, below which it diminishes nearly independently of the carbon concentration of primary martensite. Above the transition temperature, the cumulative flow increases abruptly and reaches that of quenched specimens in the same temperature range. The creep rate, in the usual sense, of quenched and tempered specimens is inversely proportional to time. The removal of applied stress causes reverse flow and its rate obeys the same time law as the creep rate. The plastic flow of tempered ball-bearing steel at usual service temperature remains so small as compared with the elastic deformation, that it seems to have no influence upon the running accuracy of ball bearing.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (763K) -
青木 宏一, 関野 昌蔵, 藤島 敏行1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 696-698
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAn apparatus was constructed for the measurements of the internal friction of square bar specimens vibrating transversely in the frequency range of 16∼20,000 c/s. The interstitial C and N contents as low as 10−6 wt% in commercial low carbon steels can be successfully measured. It was found that as-rolled pure iron and annealed Al-killed deep-drawing steel contained 2.5×10−4 wt% and 1.6×10−5 wt% of C, respectively. The strain-amplitude dependence was also measured of the internal friction of both the specimens submitted to 4∼20% tensile strains, and thereafter aged for 1500 hrs at room temperature. In pure iron the non-strained specimen was almost amplitude-independent, but of Al-killed steel the non-strained specimen was strongly amplitude-dependent. The difference between these two kinds of material may be explained by their thermal histories.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (412K) -
広川 吉之助1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 698-701
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAlizarine blue formed a colored complex with zinc at pH 5.6, and was extracted from aqueous phase by mixture of cyclo-hexanone and ethyl acetate. This complex had a maximum absorption at 635 mμ and its molecular absorption coefficient was 2.79×104. After the interference of several cations and anions were investigated micro-quantities of zinc in tin and lead metal were successfully determined by this method.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (489K) -
広川 吉之助1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 701-704
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーA new spectrophotometric determination of tin was investigated. Stannic ion formed a colored complex with alizarine blue in 1 N-HCl solution and was extracted by the mixed solution of cyclohexanone and ethyl acetate. This complex had a maximum absorption at the wave length of 580 mμ, and its molecular absorption coefficient was 9.5×103. This reaction was also applied to the determination of tin in steel after its separation with hydrogen sulfide. Similarly in the case of nonferrous alloys, 0.001 to 0.1% of tin was analyzed after being separated by co-precipitation with manganese dioxide.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (476K) -
宮田 進, 牧野 昇1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 704-708
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe Fe-Al-C permanent-magnet alloy —the MT Magnet steel— is well adapted to a country like Japan limited in natural resources. As this alloy owns coercive force of more than 200 Oe, it can be applied to such equipments as watt-hour meter, hysteresis or small DC motors in place of Co or Cr magnet steel. The results of fundamental researches on MT magnet were already reported in the author’s previous papers. Accordingly, this report covers a part of later experiments conducted in the course of industrialization. In melting procedure, it is necessary to take care of segregation and oxidation of the alloying Al. In view of yielding rate of magnetic properties and heat treatment, it was discovered that the most appropriate composition of MT magnet was within the region of 8.15±0.25%Al and 1.99±0.03%C. Addition of Si is harmful for magnetic properties and Si must be kept below 0.20%. Casting has been made in green sand. The design of the pattern, the “as-cast” tolerance and the defects in casting were reexamined in the light of daily practices.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (746K) -
太田 一男1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 708-712
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe fundamental conditions for polarographic determination of bismuth in 1 N sulfuric acid+0.1 N hydrochldric acid solution have been investigated and applied to the analysis of cast-iron. Bismuth shows well-developed polarographic wave having about−0.11 V vs. S.C.E. of half-wave potential. This supporting electrolyte is more preferable rather than 1 N sulfuric acid alone or 1 N hydrochloric acid. Other elements except antimony in cast-iron do not interfere. Antimony is removed by volatilization with hydrobromic acid in sulfuric acid medium. Preliminary separation of bismuth in the sample is carried out at 0.3∼0.4 N acidity of nitric acid by coprecipitating with hydrous manganese dioxide, and the accompanying ferric iron is circumvented by reducing to ferrous state with hydrazine hydrochloride. The proposed method is suitable for 0.001∼0.10% of bismuth in cast-iron.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (653K) -
堀田 秀次1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 712-716
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn this report, the auther carried out heat-treatments of Ni-Cr-Mo and Cr-Mo structural steels, examined the Rockwell C-scale hardness, the tensile strength studied them micrographically, subjected them to austenite grain-size test at room temperature and hardness and tensile strength at high temperature, and compared and discussed the effects of heat-treatment on their properties. The result obtained was as follows: On the whole, Cr-Mo steel austempered at 350°C×30 min showed good test results at room and high temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1262K) -
市山 正, 川崎 正之, 工藤 功, 脇 脩1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 717-721
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe internal friction in a quench-hardened plain carbon steel containing 0.12% of carbon and a cold-worked iron containing 0.019% of carbon was measured by means of a torsion pendulum with a frequency of vibration of about 1.7 cycles per second. Three anelastic effects were observed in each material. The anelastic effects observed in the quench-hardened steel correspond to those observed in the cold-worked iron respectively. These are observed as distinct relaxation peaks at about 40°C and 230°C and a continuous increase in internal friction with a rise of measuring temperature from about 280°C. The 40°C-peak is attributed to the stress-induced ordering of interstitial solute atoms and disappears as a result of the aggregation of interstitial solute atoms around dislocations after tempering at a low temperature. The presence of a so-called Snoek peak in the as-quenched steel is due to an unavoidable tempering during quenching. The temperature, the activation energy and the width at half-maximum height for the 230°C-peak in the quench-hardened steel are the same as those in the cold-worked iron. The 230°C-peak is considered to be due to the stress-induced movement of dislocations subjected to a viscous drag by Cottrell atmospheres. The continuous increase in internal friction with the rise of measuring temperature at the higher temperature range seem to be caused by the coupled relaxations of an irregular network of sub-grain interfaces. The structure of martensitic matrix in quench-hardened low carbon steel is similar to that of a cold-worked iron.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (855K) -
岡本 剛, 佐藤 教男1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 721-725
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThree kinds of oxides which are supposed to be NiO, Ni3O4 and Ni2O3, were found on the surface of nickel anode in alkaline solution by means of an electrochemical technique. It was estimated in 1 n KOH solution that the reversible potentials of transformation of NiO into Ni3O4 and of Ni3O4 into Ni2O3 were −0.35 V and +0.55 V, respectively. The potential of +0.55 V is fairly close to the value of +0.48 V reported by previous workers as the formation potential of Ni2O3. The potential of −0.35 V, however, is considerably different from +0.07 V reported by Glemser-Einerhand as the transition potential between NiO and Ni3O4. From the results of the experiment on the effect of dissolved oxygen in solution, it became clear that the potential of +0.07 V was not the equilibrium potential but the mixed potential of the dissolution reaction of nickel oxide and the reduction of oxygen. The free energies of the formation of Ni3O4 and Ni2O3 calculated from the equilibrium potentials were −189.7±∼1 and −124.2±∼1 kcal, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (728K) -
岡本 剛, 佐藤 教男1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 725-728
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe corrosion rate of nickel was measured in aerated sulfate solutions of various pH. An abrupt change of corrosion rate was found at aboult pH 5. In acidic region, the corrosion rate was nearly equal to the diffusion rate of dissolved oxygen and the spontaneous potential was less noble than the Flade potential. In alkaline solution, on the other hand, the corrosion rate was undetectablly small and the spontaneous potential was in the passive region. The polarization curve of nickel in acidic solution (pH=3.77) showed that the maximum dissolution current of iMmax in the active state, which can be measured in the solution saturated with pure nitrogen gas, was larger than the reduction current of dissolved oxygen iO. While, in neutral solution (pH=7.53), iMmax was smaller than iO. The critical state of iMmax=iO was found to be at about pH=5. It could be explained from the electrochemical standpoint that nickel is passivated by the reduction current of dissolved oxygen (O2+2H++4e→2OH−) only when |iMmax|<|iO|.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (579K) -
長島 晋一, 西山 善次1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 728-731
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーFine particles of carbon steel containing 0.9 and 1.4% carbon were made by electro-spark machining, in which a simple R-C resonance circuit was used, the voltage being 100 volts, R 100 Ω and C 2 or 16 μF. The insulating liquid was transformer oil or ethanol. The size and structures of the produced particles were examined by means of electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction with the following results: The size was about 0.01 μ in diameter, which was independent of the condition of machining and of the carbon content. In the Debye-Scherrer photographs, a stronger but somewhat diffused pattern of austenite was seen while that of martensite was weaker compared with the case of bulk steels. This fact indicates a suppression of martensite transformation, which is interpreted to be due to the following two effects: The surface effect coming from the small particle size of about 0.01 μ, and the effect of the cooling with an extremely rapid cooling rate probably from a very high temperature as approximating boiling point of steel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (417K) -
三井 惟靖1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 731-735
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn order to study the magnetic annealing effect in the 2%Fe-Cu alloy,the changes of induced ferromagnetic anisotropy and micro-Vickers hardness were observed during the precipitation process. In the specimens quenched from 900°C and then aged at 700°C and 600°C in a magnetic field, the anisotropy constant Ku was obtained from the induced anisotropy energy which was found to be expressed experimentally as E=−Kucos2Θ, where Θ is the angle between the direction of magnetic field of ca. 5000 Oe applied during aging and that of the measuring field of ca. 10 KOe. The maximum value of anisotropy constant in these specimens was 4×103 ergs/cc. The influence on the anisotropy constant of the transformation of the α-precipitates to the ferromagnetic γ-precipitates and of repeated quenching in accumulating aging time was observed. The magnetic annealing affects the initial precipitation stage rather than the over-growth stage. The origin of this effect seems to be explained qualitatively not by magnetoelastic anisotropy nor by directional order, but rather by shape-anisotropy of the α-precipitates.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (818K) -
萩原 巌, 金沢 正午, 熊田 有宏1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 735-739
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe amount of retained austenite (γR) in high-carbon alloy steels (0.99%C-2.86%Cr and 1.00%C-4.99%Ni) under application of stresses (tension, compression and bending) while the steels are cooling has been studied as a function of the kind of stress and the temperature of loading. The principal results may be summarized as follows. (1) When the steels are transformed under application of stress, the amount of γR was increased by tensile stress and decreased by compressive stress. These findings are quite contrary to the expectation of the accepted opinion that the martensite transformation is promoted by shear stress and normal tensile stress but is inhibited by normal compressive stress. (2) It was observed that the steels which were loaded at the range only above Ms temperature indicated the same effect as in (1) above i.e. γR was increased by tension and decreased by compression. This is contradictory to the opinion that work hardening causes mechanical stabilization of austenite, for if we follow this opinion γR must be increased by compressive stress, as much as by tensile stress. (3) At the range below Tc temperature at which the effect of stress begins, the amount of γR was decided by the width of the temperature range in which the load was applied, i.e. a temporary application of stress or deformation has little effect on γR. Therefore it seems that the grade of stabilization of austenite in the present work is little affected by deformation but mainly by the stress itself during cooling. (4) Tc temperature of compressive stress was higher about 50∼100°C more than Tc of tensile stress. In medium carbon alloy steel (0.58%C-4.02%Ni), the amount of γR was not changed by the tensile stress but decreased clearly by the compressive stress.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (805K) -
中山 忠行1959 年 23 巻 12 号 p. 739-742
発行日: 1959年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe present author examined oxide films formed in air at high temperatures (700° and 1000°C) on the surface layers of shot-peened Fe-Al alloys (8.86∼22.50%Al), by using the electron-transmission-diffraction method. In the course of these observations, the effects of the remaining stress induced in the surface of alloys on the high temperature oxide films were studied. Furnace-cooled 16.44% and 19.80%Al alloys oxidized in air at 700°C were covered mainly with α-Fe2O3 while well grown γ-Al2O3 crystals were detected in the surface oxide films at the same temperature oxidation of shot-peened specimens. The oxide films formed on furnace-cooled 19.80% and 22.50%Al alloys at 1000° were chiefly α-Al2O3 crystals, while the oxide films produced on the shot-peened alloys at the same temperature gave only the preferred oriented patterns of γ-Al2O3 crystals. It was thus clarified that the shot-peened alloys, at any rate, represent the same oxidation phenomena(1)(2)(3) as the alloys quenched in water.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (599K)
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