巻号一覧
26 巻, 10 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1～14を表示しています
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上田 益造, 関 文男, 細川 一夫, 梅田 義章1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 623-629
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーConsidering the adhesion mechanism of lead coating on steel by hot-dipping, we studied how the spread of molten lead on the solid steel surface is influenced by immersing the steel in the fluxes, i.e., NH4Cl, ZnCl2, SnCl2, KCl and NaCl. The spreding area of molten lead is independent from the weight of flux adhering to specimens, but was varied by the heating time and temperature of the lead. When SnCl2 was used as flux, the lead did neither adhere to the steel nor spread on its surface; when ZnCl2 was used, the lead adhered to the steel completely and the area of spread was proportional to the heating time and temperature of the lead; when NH4Cl was used as a gas in gaseous state, the lead adhered to the steel and the area of spread increased with the heating time and temperature of the lead, but there was corrosion of surface of the lead and steel. When 0.5∼1.0 wt% of SnCl2 was added to ZnCl2, the spreading area of lead was infinitely, large; when 13 wt%NH4Cl was added, a maximum point of spread area was detected; when NaCl or KCl was added, the area of spread was almost proportional to the percentage of NaCl or KCl and the heating temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1110K) -
目黒 博1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 629-634
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn the present work, the graphitic high Si-Mn steel (chemical compositions in most cases, 0.54%C, 1.0∼2.5%Si, 0.5∼0.9%Mn) was investigated to clarify the mechanical properties, being compared with the high-carbon graphitic forged steels (1.2∼1.6%C, 0.7∼1.3%Si). The heat-treatments studied, were normalizing, tempering after oil quench and tempering after normalizing. The results obtained were as follows: (1) In the longitudinal section (direction of forging), the fine flaky and directionally oriented graphite, which is often observed in high-carbon graphitic forged steel, was not seen in this steel. In the case of the specimen of chemical composition 0.85%C, 2.44%Si, nodular graphite appeared even by ferritic treatment. (2) Specimens tempered after oil quenching have better impact value, higher tensile strength, higher yield point and higher yield ratio than those tempered after normalizing. (3) Specimens tempered at 680°C for 5 hours after oil quenching showed almost constant values in tensile strength, yield point and hardness, not influenced by the carbon content. Reduction of area and elongation of specimens attained the maximum value at carbon content of 0.54%C. (4) Of the specimens in the range of 1.0∼2.5%Si and 0.54%C, those of 2.0%Si showed few scattering of values of reduction of area and elongation, and showed the tendencies of higher tensile strength and yield point. (5) Water cooling after tempering gave a better impact value than slow cooling. (6) The mechanical properties of graphitic high-Si-Mn steel in the present work were compared with those specified by JIS (Japan industrial standerds).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (745K) -
草道 英武, 八木 芳郎, 山本 俊二1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 635-639
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーA sound ingot of Timken 16-25-6 was produced by consumable-electrode arc-remelting in the atmosphere of 100 mmHg argon. The content of oxygen and non-metallic inclusions markedly decreased but nitrogen and almost all the other elements were not affected. The forging specimens were water-quenched from various temperatures of 700° to 1200°C. They showed the maximum hardness after treatment at 800°C and complete softening at 1100°C. In this temperature range the arc-remelted specimen showed a high hardness. As to the precipitation behavior of air-melted and arc-remelted specimens, the former showed more uniform distribution than the other in the case of 15% hot-cold work at 850°C, but no difference exisisted between them in the case of aging for 24 hr at 700°C after solution treatment at 1150°C. The arc-remelted one had larger tensile strength and yield strength after both treatments mentioned above, and after hot-cold working it had a perceptibly larger elongation and reduction of area. The arc-remelted specimen had relatively large elongation and reduction of area in the tensile tests at 650°C. The rupture time of arc-remelted one after hot-cold working increased to 2 or 3 times of that of air-melted one in the creep rupture tests of the stress of 35 kg/mm2, 27 kg/mm2 and 23 kg/mm2 at 650°C. The two specimens after aging showed no difference in this connection.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1027K) -
成田 貴一, 高橋 栄治1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 639-643
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe thin foil technique for examining metals by transmission electron-microscopy has been used to study precipitation of carbides in the grain boundary and the matrix of 304 type and 316 type stainless steels. Based on the observation, the behaviour of molybdenum in austenitic stainless steel is considered and the differences of grain boundary corrosion and of creep properties between both stainless steels are discussed. Molybdenum suppresses the diffusion of chromium in austenitic stainless steel. Molybdenum suppresses, therefore, the grain boundary precipitation of chromium carbides, and the grain boundary corrosion resistance increases by addition of molybdenum to austenitic stainless steel. Futhermore, as a result of suppression of the vacancy diffusion by molybdenum, the climbing motion of dislocation is interrupted and the deformation rate of materials is reduced. Improvement of creep properties results, therefore, from addition of molybdenum.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1316K) -
橋本 功二, 小川 四郎, 下平 三郎1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 643-646
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーDezincification of α-brass, which is one of the most prominent cases of selective corrosion, was investigated by the electron diffraction method. To explain the process of dezincification, two hypotheses were considered, one of which could very likely explain our experimental results. In the early stage of dezincification, sharp diffraction rings from copper began to appear together with those from the initial specimens of α-brass. With progress of dezincification, the intensities of the copper diffraction rings increased gradually and those of the α-brass decreased. The dezincified α-brass layer composed of pure copper had a textural property similar to that of the initial specimen, but not strictly the same. It is concluded that the process of dezincification is the result of dissolution of α-brass into the corrosive solutions followed by re-deposition of copper on the specimen surfaces.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1112K) -
日下 邦男, 鶴見 州宏, 大沢 恂1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 647-651
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーTo investigate the effect of aluminum on the properties of high carbon steels containing 1% carbon and 1.4% chromium, the authors measured the critical point, the hardenability, the quenched and tempered hardness, the retained austenite, the hot hardness, the dilatation and the electron-microscopic structures. The results obtained were as follows: (1) The critical point is raised with the aluminium and the silicon content. A full hardness of 65 Rockwell C is obtained by oil-quenching from 840°C for 1% aluminium steel and 870°C for 1% aluminium-1% silicon steel. (2) The rate of softening with tempering temperature decreases in the steels between 200° and 350°C, and the magnitude of this decrease in softening rate is related to the aluminium content. In fact the rate of softening becomes nil at about 300°C in the steels which contain 1% or more aluminium and silicon, and these steels have the hardness of Rockweel C 60 after tempering at 350°C. (3) From the results of dilatometer test, it is found that the temperature at which the third stage contraction can be detected is raised with the aluminium or the silicon content. (4) It is estimated that the operating temperature of 1% carbon, 1.4% chromium steel can be raised about 50°∼100°C by the increase of aluminium content from 0.02 to 1.0%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (867K) -
田村 今男, 多賀谷 正義1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 651-656
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe cooling curve at any point in the quenched specimen depends not only on the cooling characteristics of quenchant but also on thermal constants,size and shape of the specimen. The effects of thermal constants, size and shape of steel and measuring position in it on the cooling curve were examined quantitatively. Then, the curve which showed only the cooling characteristics of quenchant and was not affected by the other factors was derived for several quenchants respectively from the results of experiments in this work and in the 8th report by the authors. Such a curve was called as “Mother Cooling Curve” of a quenchant. The mother cooling curve was obtained by converting the measured T-t curve into T-t/(sρDn) curve, where T was the temperature at the centre of specimen quenched, t was the time after quenching, s and ρ were the specific heat and the density of specimen, respectively, and n was the size factor. The average value of n was 1.35 (1.34 for silver and 1.37 for steel). The conception of the mother cooling curve may be the most reasonable one to express the relationship among hardening factors such as hardenability and size of specimen and cooling ability of quenchant for hardening steel. The mother cooling curve indicates the cooling ability of quenchant and the continuous cooling transformation diagram indicates the hardenability of the steel. The hardening behavior of steel parts, therefore, may be found by comparing the cooling curve, which can be derived from the mother cooling curve and the size factor, with the continuous cooling transformation diagram of the steel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (847K) -
佐藤 史郎, 田中 英司1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 656-661
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAn experimental investigation was made on the phenomenon of embrittlement during annealing encountered in the manufacturing process of aluminium-brass tubes. The tubes were hot-extruded, cold-drawn and then annealed at 400°C or 600°C by slow heating. The annealed tubes were very brittle. Metallurgical investigation on this tube revealed that a high level of internal stress prevailed in drawn tubes and the embrittlement was due to the formation of voids at original grain boundaries. Iso-thermal annealing test was made on the drawn tubes by very rapid heating in oil or salt bath at various temperature with variation of annealing time and the degree of embrittlement was measured. As the results of this test, it is inferred that the condition to cause embrittlement consists of the following three factors, (a) the materials with high internal stress (b) annealing in temperature range from 250°C to 400°C (c) keeping at the embrittling temperature range for more than a certain period. These three factors must be all satisfied to cause embrittlement. The experimental results have also shown that these characteristics are closely associated with that of intercrystalline brittle rupturing observed during creep or tensile test at elevated temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1002K) -
織田 貞四郎, 片山 勇造, 小川 定光, 満浦 不三男1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 661-664
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of cold-working, grain size and heat-treatment on the creep rupture properties of AISI 321 stainless steel has been investigated. 650°C creep rupture tests up to about 3,000 hrs have been carried out with the forged materials under 9 different conditions. The results were as follows: (1) The creep rupture strength of 40% cold-worked material is large at the beginning, but it decreases considerably with time and became smaller than that of annealed material. With 20% cold-worked material, a large creep rupture strength is maintained for a long time, but the elongation at rupture is small. (2) The grain size has only a slight bearing upon the creep rupture strength. (3) The creep rupture strength is affected greatly by the heat-treatment after working. The creep rupture strength is small when the material is subjected to low-temperature heat-treatment, and large when subjected to high-temperature heat-treatment. The rupture elongation is decreased by higher-temperature solution-treatment. But, even though the material has been solution-treated at 1,200°C, it has the rather high elongation of 15%. (4) If the solution-treatment temperature before cold working is high, the decrease in the creep rupture strength due to cold-working is much retarded.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (421K) -
織田 貞四郎, 片山 勇造, 上原 勝景, 小川 定光1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 664-668
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe structure changes of AISI 321 stainless steel during creep rupture testing at 650°C have been investigated with and electron microscope to know the effect of the heat-treatment and cold-working upon the creep rupture properties. The conclusions were as follows: (1) The changes of various carbides and other phases during creep rupture testing, especially those of TiC precipitated in the matrix, were examined. Titanium carbide precipitated in the matrix in fine granular form at an early stage and in needle-like form after a long period. (2) When the solution-treatment temperature is high and the solubility of carbide forming elements increases, the nucleation and the coarsening is considered to have much effect upon the increase in the creep-resistance precipitates at a later stage. As a result, the long-time creep rupture strength becomes large. (3) The recrystallization in a cold-worked material during creep rupture testing accelerates the coarsening of carbides and other phases. Consequently, the creep rupture strength becomes small and the rupture elongation increases. (4) If the solution-treatment before cold-working is performed at a high temperature, the lowering of the creep rupture strength is delayed, because the needle-like titanium carbide grains precipitating in the matrix and the slip bands inhibit the recrystallization of the material. (5) Also, if the degree of working is small, the lowering of the rupture strength is retarded, because the recrystallization is inhibited.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (829K) -
織田 貞四郎, 片山 勇造, 上原 勝景, 小川 定光1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 669-673
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe creep rupture properties of AISI 347 stainless steel,and the structural changes during creep rupture testing at 650°C have been investigated with forged material. The following are the conclusions were as follows: (1) The fine granular NbC precipitates at an early stage, and the thread-like NbC precipitates in the matrix after longer hours. (2) The grain size has only a slight bearing upon the creep rupture strength. (3) With low-temperature solution treatment, the creep rupture strength decreases and the rupture elongation increases; and with high-temperature solution treatment, the creep rupture strength increases and the rupture elongation decreases. However, the increase of creep rupture strength with the rise of heat-treating temperature is rather slight in the range higher than 1100°C than in the lower range. (4) As the precipitation hardening due to NbC is greater and continues longer than that due to TiC, the creep rupture strength of AISI 347 is larger than that of AISI 321 and the rupture elongation is smaller. (5) The long-time creep rupture strength of the cold-worked specimens decreases due to recrystallization during creep rupture testing. In the case of AISI 347 stainless steel, however, since the precipitation of the fine granular NbC remains in the original crystals for a long time, the growth of the recrystallized grain is slow, and the decrease in the long time rupture strength is smaller than in AISI 321 stainless steel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (814K) -
多賀谷 正義, 田村 今男1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 673-678
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーA method for producing steel-dies by cold-hubbing has been recently developed. In this method, some important problems remain unsolved on lubricants and tools, because steels have a high resistance to forming. In this report, the results of investigation on the effects of coatings and lubricants are described and also the results on the hubbing depths are compared and discussed for several steels, using a hardened W-Cr tool steel and a sintered carbide alloy as the hub materials. The lubricating properties were shown by the frictional force per unit contact area in the steady state of hubbing operation. Manganese phosphate was the most excellent as coating on the work steel. Molybdenum disulphide, stearate of divalent metals and wax such as stearil-alcohol were effective as the lubricants by co-operating with suitable coatings. The resistance to forming in plain carbon steels increased linearly with the carbon content, but in alloy steels it was higher than in plain carbon steels of the same carbon content. The commercially pure iron made by L.D. converter method had very low resistance to forming, and this material is to be noticed as the excellent cold-forming material. Even the high-resistance materials to forming, such as tool steels in annealed state, could be hubbed more than 40 mm in depth in one stroke. In such a case, however, the hub materials that can endure the pressure not less than 450 kg/mm2 must be used.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (799K) -
青木 宏一, 関野 昌蔵, 藤島 敏行1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 678-684
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーFour deep drawing sheets containing different quantitie of sol. Al were heat-treated in laboratory in similar condition to that of hot-rolling strip-mill, and N, C precpitations were examined by internal friction and chemical analysis. The results were as follows: (1) The finishing temperature had little effect on precipitation. (2) The higher the sol. Al content and coiling temperature, the larger were the precipitations of N and C. (3) N and C dissolved interstitially less than expected from chemical analysis. (4) N precipitation promotes that of C. With these results, the mechanism of formation of elongated grains was discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (780K) -
阿部 秀夫, 松尾 宗次, 伊藤 邦夫1962 年 26 巻 10 号 p. 684-687
発行日: 1962年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーSingle crystal sheets of a 3%Si-Fe alloy were cold-rolled in approximately (100)[001] orientation to 50 and 70% reductions in thickness. The orientation change during rolling and the relationship between the deformation texture and the annealing texture were studied. The behavior of crystal during rolling depends on the degree of slight asymmetry in the initial orientation. A clockwise rotation around the [110] axis occurs in the 50% rolled crystal, while both counterclockwise and clockwise rotations around the sheet normal are observed in the 70% rolled crystal. The primary recrystallization texture of the 50% rolled crystal consists of one preferred orientation, which can be derived from the deformation texture by a counterclockwise rotation of approximately 25° around the [110] axis. Four components of the primary recrystallization texture of the 70% rolled crystal can be related to two components of the deformation texture by rotations of 25° around the [110] and [1\={1}0] axes. In agreement with Hsun Hu’s proposition the results can be interpreted on the basis of the oriented growth theory, in wich, however, the growth velocity of a recrystallized grain is supposed to be determined by the directional arrangement of imperfections in the deformed matrix. A selective growth of grains oriented near (100)[001] occurs by the secondary recrystallization on annealing the 70% rolled crystal above 850°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (497K)
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