巻号一覧
31 巻, 8 号
選択された号の論文の18件中1～18を表示しています
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向井 楠宏, 坂尾 弘, 佐野 幸吉1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 923-928
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーFor the purpose of making clear the behaviour of Al2O3 and SiO2 particles in liquid steel in terms of the wettability, we determined the surface tension of liquid pure iron and Fe-C alloys and the contact angles of Al2O3 and SiO2 formed with liquid pure iron and Fe-C alloys at 1240°, 1435° and 1560°C by the sessile drop method.
The main results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) Measurements at 1240°C with the use of Fe-C alloy containing about 3.90% carbon show that the contact angle increases rapidly with increasing surface roughness of the SiO2 substrate and decreases to a constant value in the first few minutes after melt down of Fe-C alloy, while in the case of the Al2O3 substrate, it decreases more slowly. They also show that the SiO2 substrate is considered to be slightly more wetted than Al2O3 substrate. (2) Measurements at 1435°C show that the wettability of Al2O3 and SiO2 by liquid Fe-C alloys is considered not to vary very much in the range of about 1.7∼3.3% carbon content. (3) From the results obtained it may be concluded that both Al2O3 and SiO2 particles tend to aggregate in liquid pure iron and Fe-C alloys and that the wetting of Al2O3 and SiO2 by liquid Fe-C alloys is induced by the chemical interaction at the boundary of separation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1331K) -
向井 楠宏, 坂尾 弘, 佐野 幸吉1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 928-933
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn order to find the optimum composition range of MnO-SiO2-Al2O3 slags which has the most desirable physicochemical properties for their separation and removal from the molten steel as deoxidizing products, we determined the surface tension and the density of the slags in this system by the sessile drop method at 1570°C and also observed the melting behaviour of them.
The main results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) Both the surface tension and the density of the slags in this system increase considerably with increasing MnO content. (2) The surface tension varies approximately linearly with the slag composition, while the density does not vary linearly especially with SiO2 content, which indicates that the silicate ions at the surface appear to exist in a different manner or from those in the bulk. (3) In the vicinity of mol%MnO/mol%SiO2=1 of the slags in this system, the observed density appears to have the maximum of the positive deviations from the calculated one by assuming the ideal mixture of each slag component. (4) We estimated the optimum composition range of the slag in this system for their separation and removal from the molten steel as deoxidizing products on the basis of the data concerning the melting behaviour and the density obtained in the present work, and in addition, the viscosity and the interfacial tension against molten iron of the slags in this system obtained by other workers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1075K) -
石井 満1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 934-939
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe behaviors of impact extrusion of 13Cr and 18-8 stainless steels were investigated using a high energy forming machine Dynapak. The extrusion punch pressure varied with temperature in a similar manner to the flow stress in usual uniaxial deformation. When the extrusion ratio R is smaller than 10, the extrusion punch pressure changes linearly with lnR. However, with R larger than 10, the effect of inertia force becomes an important factor. The initial punch pressure was increased by ρ(Rv)2⁄2g, while the final punch pressure was decreased by ρR2ax⁄g, with R>10, where ρ is the density of material, x is the punch stroke, a is the acceleration of punch, v is the punch velocity, and g is a gravity constant. The punch pressure decreased with extrusion stroke, due to the decrease in punch velocity. The apparent strain rate exponent determined from the dependence of punch pressure on the extrusion velocity was smaller than the values, measured by usual methods, of tension, torsion and compression which was interpreted to be due to the effect of frictional force between a billet and the container.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1754K) -
石井 満1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 940-945
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn impact extrusion the strain rate decreases continuously with increasing punch stroke. At a suitable temperature the effect of dynamic strain ageing of steel is known to appear throughout the extrusion. It has been made clear that the punch pressure versus time curve varies greatly depending on the extrusion temperature. The punch pressure decreases continuously with extrusion time below 100°C and above 600°C, whereas it increases at temperatures of 100°∼500°C. The behaviors of the punch pressure in the blue-brittleness range can be explained in terms of the velocity modified temperature proposed by MacGreger et al. and dynamic strain ageing.
The peak temperature at which the maximum hardening occurs is higher for the initial punch pressure and lower for the final punch pressure. The punch pressure curve is discontinuous with distinct serrations in the blue-brittleness range.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (627K) -
上城 太一, 石井 敞1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 946-952
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPolycrystalline copper having a (2 9 11)[\bar9\bar45] orientation formed after 93.7 pct rolling were cold rolled by 6∼91 pct perpendicular to the primary rolling direction. Investigations were made on slip rotations from a (2 9 11) [8 ‾10 7] toward a (\bar112)[1\bar11] orientation during rolling and the origin of the cube texture. A rolling texture after about 25 pct rolling can be described as a (011)[1\bar11] orientation with respect to the secondary rolling direction. With increasing rolling reduction, the (011)[1\bar11] orientation rotates toward (011)[2\bar11] orientation under the operation of slip systems bearing the maximum resolved shear stress. Under a condition in which extensive cross slip occurs, the normal to the rolling plane approaches the [\bar123] axis. A (\bar112)[1\bar11] orientation is newly formed after more than 80 pct rolling. In order to cause the (011)[1\bar11] to displace toward (\bar112)[1\bar11], it is necessary that the cross slip systems and the slip systems which lock up the rolling direction at [1\bar11] must operate extensively during rolling. At 25∼50 pct reduction, the annealing texture of α-brass type (225)[\bar7\bar34] cannot be observed, but that described as (013)[100] or (012)[100] orientation is developed from the rolling texture near (011)[\bar2\bar11] with respect to the primary rolling directions. In case that the rolling reduction is 25∼63 pct, complicated annealing textures are formed. The main component of the textures can be related to that of the rolling texture by 30°∼45° rotations around the common ⟨111⟩ axis. In consequence, it is probable that the orientation dependence of grain growth velocity is an important factor in the formation of the annealing textures.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1378K) -
上城 太一, 関根 和喜1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 952-956
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPolycrystalline copper with a (112)[1\bar10] orientation was cold-rolled up to 85 pct and the slip rotations toward the stable end position was studied.
The normal to the rolling plane rotates toward [\bar111] and the rolling direction toward [101]. After rolling of 85 pct, the rolling plane normal arrives at the vicinity of [\bar123] without passing [011] and the rolling direction approaches [2\bar11]. Then the pure metal type texture containing (\bar112)[1\bar11] as a minor component is developed. These slip rotations can be well explained as due to the operation of slip systems bearing the highest resolved shear stress and their cross slip systems. So, the minor component is considered to be described as an orientation near (\bar112)[2\bar11] rather than (\bar112)[1\bar11], since it is necessary that slip systems taking the rolling direction toward [1\bar11] must operate extensively to cause the orientation near (\bar112)[2\bar11] to displace to (\bar112)[1\bar11]. In consequence, the results obtained in the present work are not consistent with the theory of Dillamore et al. which proposed the pattern {011}⟨211⟩→{123}⟨211⟩→{112}⟨111⟩.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (374K) -
染野 檀, 長崎 久弥, 宮坂 禧輝1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 957-963
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーInternal friction in a series of Ti-H and Ti-3%Al-H alloys has been measured over of a range temperature from −190°C to room temperature, using two types of the frequency pendulum technique at frequencies of about 1.7 and 70 p/s.
Two peaks were observed at −70° and −15°C (1.7 c/s). Both peaks have an amplitude dependence on the hydrogen concentration, suggesting that they are caused by stress-induced ordering of hydrogen in titanium hydride. Observations were also given on the effect of cold work and heat treatment on internal friction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2602K) -
三浦 寛1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 964-969
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe relation between the fine spherical cementite precipitated in the proeutectoid ferrite of a plain carbon steel by the quick thermal cycling and the holding time of the thermal cycle was investigated mainly by the point counting method and the hardness test. The specimen, solid bars 6 mm in diameter, were subjected to a repetition of rapid heating and cooling in air under no load by direct electric resistance heating and jeted water cooling. The maximum temperature of the thermal cycle was 690°C and the keeping time was 0.5, 25 and 200 sec.
The result of obtainded are summarized as follows:
(1) When the keeping time of the thermal cycle was 0 sec, the fine spherical cementite (cf) was most finest and the number of cf was great. With increasing keeping time, the diameter of cf increased and the number of cf decreased.
(2) The ageing hardness of the specimens after thermal cycling was higher than the as-annealed specimens. The ageing hardness increased as the keeping time of the thermal cycle decreased.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1722K) -
三浦 寛1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 970-975
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe relation between the fine spherical cementite precipitated in the proeutectoid ferrite of a plain carbon steel by quick thermal cycling, and the maximum heating temperature and constrained stresses of the thermal cycle was investigated mainly by the point counting method. The specimens, solid bars 6 mm in diameter, were subjected to a repetition of rapid heating and cooling in air under no load and constrained condition by electric resistance heating and jeted water cooling. The maximum heating temperature of the thermal cycle was 690°∼200°C and the minimum temperature was 20°C. The results of obtained are summarized as follows:
(1) The number of fine spherical cementite was increased by increasing the maximum heating temperature.
(2) The constrained stress of the specimens during thermal cycling promoted the nucleation and growth of the fine spherical cementite.
(3) The fine spherical cementite precipitated in the proeutectoid ferrite of low carbon steel. The number of the fine spherical cementite was increased by increasing the size of ferrite.
(4) The fine spherical cementite precipitated in the ferrite of commercial grade pure iron (0.03%C). Many sub-grains appeared in the ferrite after thermal cycling.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1128K) -
武井 英雄1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 975-980
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーCommercial aluminium plates are welded by means of the lap-type cold pressure welding, and the effects of the welding load, the figure of merit, the thickness and width of the welded plate, and the diameter of punch on the breaking strength of welded joints are studied experimentally. The main results obtained are as follows:
(1) The perfectly welded joint cannot be obtained until the welding pressure exceeds a certain value, and the breaking strength of perfectly welded joints does not increase by a greater pressure than this value.
(2) To obtain a fully welded joint, the figure of merit must be smaller than 40%.
(3) The maximum breaking strength of the lap welded joint increases with increasing plate thickness, but the joint efficiency and the minimum pressure for perfect welding are nearly constant regardless of the plate thickness.
(4) There are two types in the fracturing of flat welded joints. One takes place when the plate width is not sufficient compared with the diameter of punch, and the other occurs in the case of a sufficient plate width. In the latter case, the breaking strength is constant regardless of the plate width.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1039K) -
武井 英雄, 吉永 芳豊, 渡部 信三, 笹木 寛訓1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 980-987
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーWear resistance and fatigue deformation of the ausformed 9%W-2.5%Cr tool steel (SKD 5) were studied, and the results obtained were compared with those of the same steel heat-treated conventionally. The wear test was carried out by using both the Ogoshi’s rapid wear testing machine and the modified Suzuki’s wear testing machine, and the fatigue deformation test was done by the repeating deflection testing machine manufactured for trial. The results obtained are as follows:
(1) The wear-loss vs. sliding-speed curves of the ausformed and the conventional steel, obtained by the Ogoshi’s testing machine, explain when load is kept constant, the wear loss is maximum at a certain sliding speed and then decreases gradually and reaches minimum, and again increases rapidly with increase in the sliding speed. And the sliding speed at which the wear loss is maximum moves to the lower range of speed with increase in load.
(2) According to the results obtained by the Ogoshi’s testing machine, when the contact pressure is 0.8∼2.7 kg/mm2, there is no difference for the wear loss between the ausformed steel and the conventionally heat-treated steel, but 2.3∼5.8 kg/mm2, the wear loss of the ausformed steel is less than that of the steel conventionally heat-treated.
(3) But according to the results obtained by the Suzuki’s testing machine, even when the contact pressure is 0.2∼0.3 kg/mm2, the wear loss of the ausformed steel is less than that of the conventional steel.
(4) The amount of initial deformation of the ausformed steel is less than that of the conventionally heat-treated steel. The maximum skin bending stress on the cantilever which makes the amount of permanent deflection at the free end of the 50 mm cantilever 0.05 mm is defined as Kb (kg/mm2) in this report. And Kb of the ausformed steel is larger than that of the conventional steel.
(5) The initial deformation decreases and Kb increases with increase in the degree of deformation at ausforming, respectively.
(6) By tempering the ausformed steel at 400°∼500°C, Kb is improved considerably, and the effect of improvement is evident on the steel ausformed more than 40% reduction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (939K) -
原 行明, 会田 敏男, 近藤 真一1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 987-992
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn a previous paper, the present authors proposed a method of analysis for the reduction of iron-oxide pellets with hydrogen by the mixed-control mechanism of the intraparticle diffusion and the chemical reaction which involved the adsorption terms. This method has been applied to many experimental data on pellets reduced with hydrogen or a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture at 500° or 550°C. The reduction rate with the mixed gas is not proportional to the partial pressure of hydrogen. The degree of the reduction rate decreases more than that of the pressure.
In the case of the reducing gas diluted with an inert gas, the intraparticle diffusion coefficient is estimated from the concept of equimolal counter diffusion in three components and the apparent rate constant of the chemical reaction is presumed by adopting Thiele’s model at the reacting zone. When the diffusion resistance is relatively small, the above coefficients are given by Eqs. (14) and (21).
These equations have been applied to the data of reduction using nitrogen as diluent. As shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the calculated values of the diffusion and reaction coefficients coincide fairy well with the experimental values.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1392K) -
中島 篤之助, 高島 教一郎, 伊藤 照一1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 993-998
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーFluorescent X-ray analysis method was applied to determine Sn, Fe, Ni and Cr in zirconium alloy. The proposed method is non-destructive, rapid and highly precise.
Homogeneity characterization of the zircaloy-2 metal standards, called JAERI-Z1, was carried out utilizing the above method. The measuring procedure was decided to avoid an inevitable long-term drift and a known sample was continuously measured 50 times. The measured results were successively added and the averages were calculated. These averages are known to stochastically converge. The bias was thr difference between the known value of the sample and the estimated converged value. The bias ±3σ (σ=standard deviation) at the pre-determined frequency of measurements (in this case, 5) was used as the control level of homogeneity.
Other experimental results show that the inhomogeneity of tin is present in an individual disk of JAERI-Z 1 and also in the NBS zircaloy-2 standard. Those results were caused by a very small variance in the X-ray fluorescence analysis of tin.
In contrast, it was concluded that the distributions of Fe, Ni and Cr were homogeneous, since their variances were somewhat larger. Electron-probe microanalysis showed that the inhomogeneity of distribution of tin is not due to the local concentration of tin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1625K) -
孫 鳳根, 井原 精一, 三宅 正宣, 佐野 忠雄1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 998-1001
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe Diffusion coefficients of carbon in niobium has been studied by tracer techniques using C14 over the temperature range of 930°∼1800°C. The Diffusion coefficients are described by the equation, D=D0exp(−E⁄RT) where D0 and E are 0.033 cm2/sec and 37.9 kcal/mol, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (312K) -
五弓 勇雄, 木原 諄二, 落合 征雄1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 1001-1006
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe authors developed the simulation method of hot rolling by using the “counter-blow” forging tester(7). The hot rolling condition in the factory can be realized precisely on the small specimens in the labolatory. By the method, the texture controlling factors of 2S-Aluminium, i.e., the soaking conditions, hot rolling conditions, cooling conditions after hot working etc. are studied separately. The material is cast in a book-mould at 680°C and cooled rapidly. The hot-working reduction is 60%, the cold-rolling reduction is 85% and the annealing condition is 350°C×1 hr. The main results obtained are as follows.
(1) The soaking condition has the greatest effect on the texture of the annealed 2S sheet among the texture-controlling factors. It has a considerable effect on the content of the (224) plane and the (200) plane.
(2) The content of the (224) plane is high when the specimen is soaked at 500°C and hot-worked between 400°C and 500°C. The content of the (200) plane, on the other hand, is high when the specimen is soaked at 400°C and hot-worked below 500°C.
(3) The content of the (111) or (220) plane is little affected by these texture-controlling factors.
(4) The state of the micro-precipitation observed by the electron-trans-mission microscope is affected by the soaking condition.
It is concluded that the state or presence of the micro-precipitation, the mean separation length and the size affect the process of development of the annealing texture of 2S-Aluminium.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1396K) -
五弓 勇雄, 松尾 宗次1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 1007-1009
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーObservation of the growth of recrystallized grains in a strained aluminum sheet was made by the method of X-ray section topograph in order to get the correlation between the structure of the deformed matrix and growth characteristics of recrystallized grains. The recrystallized grain showed marked growth anisotropy when it was related to the deformed crystal with the preferred growth orientation relationship, 40° rotation about the ⟨111⟩ direction, in fcc metal. The deformed matrix appeared to be in the form of lamellae parallel to the slip plane normal, differing in the orientation with a rotation about slip planes. The growth anisotropy was such that the directions of preferred growth were parallel to the slip planes, the normal of which was the rotation axis of slip lamellae and also the rotation axis which represents the orientation relationship between the deformed matrix and the recrystallized grain. The anisotropy was discussed to arise from the inhomogeneous arrangement of dislocations in the deformed matrix.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (270K) -
森山 昭, 河合 久孝, 鞭 巌1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 1010-1016
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAnalytical solutions of problems in an unsteady-state linear heat conduction which involves two phases separated by a moving-plane interface have been obtained approximately under the assumption that the physical properties of the mould and the solidified phase are identical and independent of temperature. The temperature distribution in the mould and the solidified phase is given by Eq. (12), and the freezing-front motion by Eq. (17) or (20).
If N is infinite, Eqs. (22), (18) and (21) will be derived from these three equations, respectively and can be compared with the exact solutions given by Neumann et al.(1)∼(4) under the condition of Xl=0.
As regards the temperature distribution, it can be seen in Fig. 1 that the calculated results from the approximate solution Eq. (22) are in good agreement with those from the exact solution Eq. (23) given by Neumann(1).
In case of N→∞ and Xl=0, the solidification constant ν in this work can be derived from Eq. (26), while in Neumann’s solution ν is defined by Eq. (25) and can be calculated from Eq. (24).
In Fig. 2, the values of υ are compared with each other and their accordance is satisfactory.
Under the condition where N is not infinite, ν can be defined by Eq. (28) and the values of ν calculated from Eqs. (17) and (20) are illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8. The values of ν are invariable in regard to Xl.
The solidification constant q which is defined conventionally by Eq. (27) varies with Xl and the calculated values of q are in good agreement with the observed values.
On the other hand, the calculated values of c′ in Eq. (27) are not consistent with the observed values. It is presumed that this arises from the difference between the initial distribution of temperature in the experimental mould and that described theoretically by Eq. (30).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1390K) -
田中 実, 鈴木 朝夫, 小村 淳輔1967 年 31 巻 8 号 p. 1016-1022
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe age-hardening response of martensitic structures of Fe-Ni-Co ternary alloys was studied in relation to the results of dilatation and X-ray diffraction tests.
Two hardening stages were observed in the decomposition process of metastable, supersaturated Fe-Ni-Co martensitic structures. The first showed weak hardening at about 450°C and the second showed strong hardening at 500°∼550°C. The second hardening took place in a spindle-shaped region around the composition including the line connecting 30%Ni and 10%Co to 20%Ni and 35%Co, and its hardness increment was 13∼14 in Rockwell-A scale. On the other hand, the hardness increment in the weak hardening region was measured as 2∼5 in Rockwell-A scale.
It was concluded that (1) the hardening in the lower temperature range occurred due to the ordering of modified FeCo in the matrix, and (2) the hardening in the higher temperature range occurred due to the internal strain caused by the compositional fluctuation or/and the fine dispersion of austenite with highly concentrated solute atoms.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1856K)
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