巻号一覧
48 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の20件中1～20を表示しています
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井関 道夫, 小嶋 数明, 船橋 英之, 山田 節, 桐原 朝夫1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 339-347
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe electrical resistivity of TiC1−x (x=0.6-0.9) in the range from room temperature to 1273 K was measured, and a recovery stage and the activation energy of the migration of vacancies were determined after quenching from 2000 K. Specimens were prepared from buttons manufactured by plasma-jet melting.
All specimens except that of TiC0.9 revealed the order-disorder transformation above 873 K in the electrical resistivity. The variation of resistivity due to the transformation decreased with the decrease of a value of x in TiC1−x. Apparent activation energies obtained by the slope ratio method yielded values from 18 to 167 kJ/mol with increasing measuring temperature because of the variation of entropy accompanying the transformation. A rather reasonable value of 220 kJ/mol was assigned from the rate constant of the recovery at higher temperatures. From this value it is concluded that the recovery step obtained in this experiment is caused by the migration of carbon accompanied by the order-disorder change.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1244K) -
三木 雅道, 荻野 喜清1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 347-355
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe characteristics of the cellular precipitation in Cu-10-20 mass%Ni-0.5 mass%Si alloys and the effect of the addition of B and P on its precipitation on aging at 723-873 K were investigated by means of quantitative metallographic methods and X-ray analysis. Results obtained are as follows:
(1) Precipitates in the cell were of β1-(Ni·Cu)3Si phase with L12 type ordered structure.
(2) The shape of the β1 phase in the cell changed from a fine long fiber into a thick plate with progress of aging.
(3) The lattice parameters of the α and β1 phases in the cell changed gradually to their equilibrium values with progress of aging.
(4) The area fraction of the cell, X, can be represented by Johnson-Mehl’s equation; X=1−exp(−btn), and 1.1 and 1.0 were obtained as the values of n for the 10%Ni and 20%Ni alloys, respectively.
(5) The values of apparent activation energy for the intragranular and the cellular precipitations in these alloys are Qi=190 kJ/mol and Qc=190 kJ/mol for the 20%Ni alloy, and Qi=190 kJ/mol and Qc=230 kJ/mol for the 10%Ni alloy.
(6) The cellular precipitation in these alloys was considerably suppressed by the addition of B and P. The suppressing effect of P was larger than that of B. The addition of B and P little affected the age hardening in the matrix.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2629K) -
増田 順一1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 356-361
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAcoustic emission behaviors of a Cu-Ti alloy during tensile test were studied. Results obtained at various stages of age hardening, and twin deformation were discussed.
In both the cases of the square-wave modulated structure stage and a stage before this structure stage, the acoustic emission rms voltage in a tensile test takes a maximum at the yield point. Twin deformation in the high strength stage is responsible for the acoustic emission increment in the work hardened region in a tensile deformation.
The amplitude is the smallest in the acoustic pulse from the yielding in the stage before the square-wave modulated structure, next in the acoustic pulse from the yielding in this modulated structure, and the largest in the acoustic pulse from the twin deformation.
The AE behaviors are discussed as compared with both computer simulation results concerning acoustic emission for a dispersion hardened alloy and experimental AE results of Cu-Co alloy reported previously, based on the source mechanism of acoustic emission.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1246K) -
松田 則男, 松浦 圭助1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 362-370
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーMean internal stresses during deformation have been measured by Bauschinger tests at room temperature and 77 K in dispersion hardened Ni-TiO2 alloy polycrystals prepared by the internal oxidation method. The temperature dependence of flow stress has been investigated by the tensile tests carried out over the temperature range from room temperature to 973 K, and dislocation structures have been observed.
Plastic relaxation processes are operative from very small strains in the present alloy, therefore, the contribution of the mean internal stress to total work hardening is small. The amount of work hardening at 77 K can be approximated by the summation of the work hardening of Ni-matrix itself and hardening arising from the existence of dispersion particles after initiation of plastic relaxation, which consists of the mean internal stress and forest hardening.
Changes in proof stress with oxide particle spacing of internally oxidized specimens are explained relatively well by Orowan’s stress, and it turns out that the temperature dependence of proof stress is mainly due to that of the matrix. However, the component of proof stress arising from the existence of dispersion particles shows a tendency to decrease below Orowan’s stress at high temperature. It is observed that the rate of work hardening at an early stage of deformation shows the tendency to decrease more rapidly with increasing deformation temperature as the oxide particles become smaller. Therefore, it is suggested that dynamic recovery depends on the dispersion particle diameter even though the plastic relaxation processes are operative. In these specimens, the dislocations are complicatedly tangled around particles and link together to make cell-like structures.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2353K) -
泉 久司, 砂田 久吉, 林 行信, 増本 健1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 371-377
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe fatigue strength properties and the structural relaxation behaviors after fatigue deformation for amorphous Ni75Si8B17 and Co75Si10B15 alloys were examined on ribbon specimens in the smooth and the notched forms.
The results are as follows;
(1) Distinct fatigue limits are not observed on the S-N curves of Ni-Si-B and Co-Si-B amorphous alloys, and the notch sensitivity of these amorphous alloy is little.
(2) The degree of structural relaxation of the amorphous alloy depends on the fatigue damage-accumulation which is caused by the product of maximum cyclic stress and numbers.
(3) The final fracture takes place after stable crack growth for the Ni-Si-B amorphous alloy and after unstable crack growth following constant growth for the Co-Si-B alloy. The growth of crack obeys the Paris law, and the exponent m is 4 in the region of stable growth and 6 in the unstable region.
(4) The pulsating tension fatigue behaviors for the Ni-Si-B and Co-Ni-B amorphous alloys are found to obey the linear fracture mechanics in spite of extremely thin sheet.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1258K) -
瀬川 赳夫, 佐藤 鉄男, 木村 康夫1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 377-382
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーWhen a zinc base bearing alloy containing 21 at%Al with 2 at%Si addition slides against a carbon steel in the condition of boundary lubrication, a thin lustrous black film around 1 \micron in thickness is uniformly formed on the surface of the zinc alloy. This alloy with silicon increases the load carrying capacity in the condition of boundary lubrication. On the other hand, a 21 at%Al-zinc alloy without silicon can not form such a film and consequently has only a poor load carrying capacity.
In this study, the frictional surfaces of these two kinds of alloys were analyzed with EPMA and AES. The surface film of the zinc alloy with Si addition is composed of oxides containing Zn, Al, Si and Fe. The silicon content increases in the inner region of the thin film. A large quantity of carbon is found at the outermost surface of the thin film and a small quantity of sulfur throughout the film. However, the frictional surface of the zinc alloy without Si contains little carbon and no sulfur.
It is concluded that the improvement in the load carrying capacity of the zinc alloy containing silicon results mainly from the formation of the thin stable oxide film covered with a large quantity of carbon and a small quantity of sulfur in the presence of lubricating oil.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1164K) -
林 昭二, 井口 義章, 平尾 次郎1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 383-390
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe reduction of wustite pellets by hydrogen containing hydrogen sulphide of sufficiently low potential not to form iron sulphide was performed over the temperature range from 873 to 1273 K. An interesting result that very dilute sulphur has a strong accelerating effect on the reduction of wustite was found. Furthermore, the effect of sulphur in reducing gas on the reduction of wustite containing CaO which remarkably accelerated it and of that containing MgO which generally retarded it was investigated. The following results were obtained.
(1) Even a small amount of sulphur in reducing gas gives rise to the formation of porous iron on each wustite grain, although dense iron layers generally cover the entire surface of wustite grains in pure hydrogen. Thus, the reduction of wustite is accelerated remarkably.
(2) The reduction accelerating effect of sulphur in reducing gas is slightly smaller than that of CaO contained in wustite at 873 and 1073 K, but the effects of both species are in the same level with each other at 1213 and 1273 K. These experimental results indicate that sulphur in reducing gas and CaO in wustite may result in the promotion of reduction by forming the porous iron layer on each wustite grain.
(3) When the amounts of both sulphur and CaO are sufficiently low, the reduction accelerating effect of the two species is duplicated, but when the amount of either is high, the duplication is practically not observed.
(4) Sulphur has the effect to form the porous iron layer on each wustite grain containing MgO, due to which dense iron layers are formed in the reduction by pure hydrogen. In this case the reduction acceleration is marked, since the reduction rate of MgO bearing wustite is very small.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2450K) -
中村 崇, 野口 文男, 植田 安昭, 伊藤 秀行1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 391-396
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーApplication of the photoacoustic spectroscopy is considered to be one of the most usefull methods to characterize the chemical structures of slags, since visible spectra due to transition metals and the optical basicity in slags can be easily measured with this technique.
The influences of measuring conditions on the photoacoustic spectra have been investigated by using Cr6+ absorption spectrum observed in CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glasses doped with 0.2 mol%Cr2O3. It was found that the phase difference of lock-in amplifiers (\varphi) was the most important parameter in a double beam photoacoustic spectrometer used in this study. When \varphi was π/2 rad, the photo-acoustic spectra showed good agreement with the spectra obtained by the conventional transmittance method, and its intensities became maximum. The modulation frequency (ω), another parameter, had strong influence on the intensity of spectrum, which was propotional to ω−3⁄2 in transition spectra of glasses. On the other hand, the intensity of spectrum increased with increasing sample mass and with decreasing powder size of the sample. Especially when the mean diameter of sample was less than 2.0×10−3 m, the intensity of spectrum became steeply large.
The optical basicities of alkaline silicate glasses were measured by using Pb2+ as the indicator ion. These results qualitatively agreed with the theoretical optical basicities proposed by Duffy and Ingram. Na2CO3 melted at 1473 K in Al2O3 or MgO crucible showed two optical basicities, 0.68 and 1.11. It suggests that Na2CO3 partly decomposes to Na2O and CO2 at 1473 K, thus 0.68 being the optical basicity of Na2CO3 and 1.11 being that of Na2O.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (856K) -
羽木 秀樹, 大谷 南海男1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 397-404
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe shape of a cathodic polarization curve of iron in sulfuric acid solution changes when arsenic is added to the electrolyte; an S-shaped curve is obtained, and the corrosion potential of iron shifts to a nobler value. This can be explained on the basis of hydrogen evolution reaction on arsenic deposits and depolarization due to the generation of arsine gas (AsH3).
The kinetics of hydrogen penetration into iron depends on the electrochemical potential and the content of arsenic in the electrolyte. At the corrosion potential of iron, arsenic inhibits hydrogen penetration into iron. When the iron specimen is polarized to the cathodic potential at which arsenic or arsine is stable, arsenic added to the electrolyte has an effect of increasing the efficiency of hydrogen penetration into iron. This can be explained by the assumption that the presence of an arsenic layer deposited on the iron surface is energetically favorable for hydrogen penetration into iron.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1168K) -
伊藤 聰, 阿座上 竹四1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 405-413
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーActivities of bismuth and antimony in liquid copper base binary alloys have been determined in the range up to NBi=0.1 and NSb=0.3 by using the Knudsen effusion method with Electro-balance.
At first, the vapor pressure of each gaseous species such as Bi, Bi2, Sb, Sb2 and Sb4 and the total pressures were calculated for pure bismuth and antimony from the data obtained in the present work and the available equilibrium data among these gaseous species. The results shown below agreed well with the values so far reported:
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\ oindentThe standard enthalpy of vaporization for Bi, Bi2, Sb, Sb2 and Sb4 calculated by the second- and the third-law methods agreed well with published data.
The activity of bismuth in binary dilute solutions shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law, and the activity coefficient of bismuth at infinite dilution, γ0Bi, is estimated at 2.6 at 1373 K. The activity of antimony in binary dilute solutions shows considerable negative deviation from Raoult’s law, and the values of γ0Sb are estimated at 2.0×10−2 at 1373 K, 1.0×10−2 at 1273 K and 4.9×10−3 at 1173 K. Activity curves of antimony at various temperatures show a crossover point at about NSb=0.3, near the composition corresponding to the intermetallic compounds, for the Cu-Sb system.
These γ0 values suggest that the removal of Bi and Sb from liquid copper by oxidation or vaporization is not easy as compared with the case of other elements.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1205K) -
岸本 誠, 森 克巳, 川合 保治1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 413-417
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe surface tension of liquid Fe-Ti and Fe-C-Ti systems under hydrogen atmosphere has been determined by the sessile and pendent drop methods. The relative adsorption of titanium, as measured by −(dσ⁄dμTi)T,p, where σ is the surface tension and μTi the chemical potential of titanium, is 5.61×10−6 mol/m2 in the range from 0.2 to 33.3 at%Ti at 1823 K. Application of the monolayer approximation shows that the surface concentration of titanium increases linearly from 0.24 (mole fraction) at 0.2 at% to 0.5 at 33.3 at%. An evaluation of surface tension on the basis of model proposed by Laty by neglecting the gas phase could not represent the experimental results, because the surface activity of titanium was caused by the chemisorption of hydrogen.
The experimental results for Fe-C-Ti alloys suggested the formation of compound TiC on the surface.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (655K) -
高橋 旦征, 吉岡 孝之, 中村 佳右, 大河内 春乃1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 418-423
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe direct analysis of solid metal samples by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry has been investigated. The aerosol generator (AG) by a low voltage spark discharge was used for vaporization of metal samples, and the aerosole was introduced into plasma through the aerosole cyclone, in which fine metal particles were selected from larger particles or gathering ones, in order to make aerosole uniform. An optimum electrode gap of AG was 5.0 mm, taking into account of the electrode durability and the reproducibility of spectral intensities and spectral intensity ratios. As for the argon flow rate, when the flow rate of carrier gas and that of acceralating gas were in total 11×103 cm3/60 s (111/min), good analytical results were obtained, and when the ratio of the both was 2.5×103 cm3/60 s: 8.5×103 cm3/60 s, the reproducibility of spectral intensity ratios was best. The optimum observation height of plasma was 12 mm from the coil. The low alloy steels were analysed. The calibration curves (NBS 1161∼1168) for P, S, As, Mo, Co, Ni, Si, Mn, Cr, V, Nb, Cu, Ti, Zr and Al were all straight, while those obtained by the quantovac spectrometer were curved except for P, S, Co, Nb, Zr and Al. The precision and the accuracy were satisfactory for the routine analysis of alloy steels.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (884K) -
磯西 和夫, 時実 正治1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 423-429
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーDiffusion bonding of S35C and SCM 435 steel was performed at temperatures (973 K and 925 K) below A1 point under various loads in vacuum (5×10−3 Pa) . The effects of post-bonding heat treatment and application of fine grained insert-metal prepared by a thermomechanical processing of SUJ 4 steel on the joint properties were evaluated from the results of tensile tests of bonded specimens and optical microscopy of bonded interfaces.
A post-bonding heat treatment consisting of heating the bonded specimens of S35C up to just above the A3 point followed by air cooling markedly improved the joint strength by introducing the transformation aided migration of bonded interface and offered a successful bonding with low bonding strain. The application of fine grained superplastic insert-metal to the diffusion bonding of SCM 435 steel was effective to improve the joint strength. In this case, however, it was necessary to performe the post-bonding heat treatment consisting of heating at 1133 K for 1.8 ks followed by quenching and heating at 873 K for 1 .8 ks followed by air cooling, in order to produce a successful bonding with low bonding strain.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2132K) -
越後谷 淳一, 林 成行, 佐々木 香, 須藤 一1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 430-434
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーDirectionally solidification of MgO-ZrO2 eutectic yields MgO fibers in a cubic ZrO2 matrix. The composition was determined as 0.2 mol% ZrO2-MgO in the fiber and 19.7 mol% MgO-ZrO2 in the matrix. Microstructures produced at solidification rates from 2.78 μm/s(10 mm/h) to 25.02 μm/s(90 mm/h) were studied by transmission electron microscopy. A colony-free microstructure formed in a sample solidified at the rate of 2.78 μm/s. A high resolution micrograph reveals misfit dislocations with about 3 nm spacing and no third phase such as an amorphous phase at the MgO-ZrO2 interface.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2732K) -
辻本 得蔵, 橋本 健紀, 信木 稔, 菅 広雄1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 435-441
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーBy studying an effect of aluminum content on properties of an intermetallic compound TiAl, it was found that the compound of composition near the stoichiometry possesses significant ductility. For further improvement of ductility, it has been intended to design TiAl-base alloys as a dual structure of the compound and any metal phases. Therefore, metals which are able to be equilibrated with TiAl have been explored, resulting in the fact that silver is only one element which satisfies the requirement in the present experimental scope. For the TiAl alloy of stoichiometric composition and those containing silver of 4-50 mass%, relations among heat-treatment, micro-structures and mechanical properties have been examined.
Experimental results have shown that the TiAl alloys are promising as heat-resistant materials, because they possess excellent high temperature properties. Although the addition of silver improves the ductility of the alloys, it lowers high temperature strength.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2552K) -
増本 量, 中山 孝文, 菊地 紀雄1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 442-447
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe magnetic properties, thermal expansion, lattice constants, hardness and workability of Mn-22%Ge based ε phase ternary alloys containing transition metal in group IV, V or VI of the periodic table were measured in the state cooled at various rates after homogenizing at 1100 K for 10.8 ks.
The magnetization of Mn-22%Ge based ternary alloys shows almost the same temperature variation as that of the binary alloy and an abrupt decrease near the Néel point TN. The ternary alloys also indicate a minimum in the electrical resistivity at TN. The Néel point of the ε phase shifts to the lower temperature side with an increase in the concentration of the third element. The transformation from ε to ε1 does not occur easily by addition of the third element, keeping the nature of the binary alloy system.
In the thermal expansion curves of Mn-22%Ge based ternary alloys there appears a minimum point corresponding to the Néel point of the ε phase, showing the Invar characteristics. The thermal expansion coefficients in the vicinity of room temperature of the ternary alloys decrease at first from the value of binary alloy with increase of the third elements and increase the positive value after passing through a zero or small negative minimum value. The spontaneous volume magnetostriction of a Mn-22%Ge-4%Cr alloy at 77 K is 1.3×10−2 and the value is less affected by addition of a few percents of Cr. The Vickers hardness of the ternary alloys shows the smaller value than that of Mn-Ge binary alloy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (929K) -
坂本 芳一1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 448-449
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
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坂本 芳一1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 450-451
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
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羽木 秀樹1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 452-453
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
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1984 年 48 巻 4 号 p. 454
発行日: 1984年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDFを参照． （誤）ε=2.7×10 s−4, ε=2.7×10 s−2, Fig. 6に…… （正）ε=2.7×10−4 s−1, ε=2.7×10−2 s−1, Fig. 7に……抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (18K)
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