巻号一覧
50 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の20件中1～20を表示しています
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高橋 知司, 加藤 道友, 南埜 宜俊, 山根 寿己1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 243-249
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーInterdiffusion experiments and thermodynamic studies of α Cu-Mn-Zn alloys have been performed at 1073 K. The concentration profiles indicate that the diffusion distance of Zn is slightly longer than that of Mn in the Cu-Mn-Zn alloys. Furthermore, the concentration profiles undergo the influence of the cross fluxes. The diffusion paths show S-shaped curves in the high concentration range. The values of the four interdiffusion coefficients \ ildeDZnZnCu, \ ildeDZnMnCu, \ ildeDMnMnCu and \ ildeDMnZnCu are positive, and they are very sensitive to the solute concentration. The atomic mobilities of the three diffusing species at the composition of the planes of Kirkendall markers increase in the order of Cu, Mn and Zn. From the interaction parameters obtained, the assumption of the dilute solution approximation seems to be applicable to the α Cu-Mn-Zn alloys, and it is expected that the magnitude of Cu-Mn, Cu-Zn and Mn-Zn bonds is in the order WCu-Mn>WCu-Zn>WMn-Zn. The results obtained from the present work suggest the possibility that the Onsager reciprocal relations hold in the α phase field of Cu-Mn-Zn system.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (906K) -
稲垣 裕輔1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 250-258
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーUsing transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction, formation of {111} recrystallized grains at grain boundaries was studied in an Fe-0.02%C alloy cold rolled 75% and isothermally annealed at 773 K. In the as-rolled specimen, it was found that both local orientation changes and inhomogeneous deformation introduced in the neighbourhood of the grain boundary were strongly dependent on the orientations of two grains which bordered each other through this boundary. This resulted in a strong preferred orientation in recrystallized grains formed in the neighbourhood of the grain boundary.
Nucleation of {111} recrystallized grain was found to occur preferentially not only in the grain boundary region of {111}⟨uvw⟩ grain adjacent to {111}⟨110⟩ grain, but also in the grain boundary region of {111}⟨110⟩ grain neighbouring {100}⟨011⟩ grain.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2660K) -
新井 宏1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 259-266
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe controversy as to whether the maximum temperature of the massive transformation is the solvus line or the T0 line has been going on for many years. It now seems well established that the massive β−αm transformation in some Cu or Ag alloy systems can occur inside the α+β two-phase field fairly distant from the solvus line. On the other hand, the massive transformation in ferrous alloys requires a considerable undercooling below the solvus line. Any reasonable interpretation on the plus or minus shift of the massive transformation limit from the solvus line has not yet been proposed.
The aim of this article is to explain the massive transformation by the local equilibrium concept, introducing a mean stress difference induced by the volume change of the transformation. A volume change occurs more or less in the phase transformation. This volume change induces some strain within and around the transforrned phase. The elastic strain balance determines mean stress difference at the interface. The difference changes Gibbs free energy of both phases and shifts the solvus line. This shift is in good agreement with the experimental massive transformation limits. In this way, the local equilibrium can successfuly explain the massive transformation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1104K) -
山縣 裕1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 267-274
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーA mechanism was proposed to account for time dependent decaying oscillations in yield strength of prestrained α-Cu alloys subjected to low temperature annealing. A set of nonlinear simultaneous differential equations with two variables (mobile dislocation density, ρm, and thermally surmountable obstacle dislocation density, ρs) was established as a constitutive equation, based on the idea that the strength variation during annealing is controlled by the following two opposite factors and a negative feedback effect : Softening caused by the decrease in ρs by recovery, hardening by the increase in ρs formed by combination reactions among mobile dislocations and a negative feedback effect where newly increased thermally surmountable obstacles block further increase in ρm originated from the dislocations introduced during prestraining and trapped by thermally surmountable obstacles. Linearized stability analyses and numerical calculations of the constitutive equation revealed that the time dependent decaying oscillation in ρs was observed for particuler sets of parameters in the equation, and that both the period and amplitude of the oscillation were shown to decrease with increasing annealing temperature. Assuming that both increase in ρm and decrease in ρs are controlled by thermal activation, a maximum in a plot of the equilibrium ρs against annealing temperature was predicted mathematically, and the behavior of the plot well coincided with the hardness maximum observed in α-Cu-Al and α-Cu-Zn. The comparisons between these experimental and theoretical data showed that the activation energies obtained for the increase process of ρm were close to the activation energy for the vacancy migration along dislocations, and the activation energies for the decrease process were close to the value for the solute atom diffusion in Cu.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1129K) -
山縣 裕1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 275-281
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーInterrupted tensile tests with either stress relaxations or annealings following unloadings were carried out in Cu-30 mass%Zn single crystals, and the relationship between the anneal-hardening and the work-hardening process was discussed using a model based on the constitutive equation previously developed by the present author as an anneal-hardening mechanism. Using the model, it was revealed that the stress-strain relation during deformation is directly correlated with the variation of obstacle dislocation density with respect to an equilibrium value with time. The present model was also found to reproduce the characteristic behavior of three-stage work-hardening, work-softening or steady state deformation. Oscillating yield stress variations on retestings either after stress relaxations or after annealings following unloadings were observed with the increased prestrain values during interrupted tensile tests at 293 K. The relation between the obstacle dislocation density and the mobile dislocation density space analyses, based on the constitutive equation, showed that the oscillating yield stress variations appeared either against annealing time or relaxation time as well as against prestrain value. Further, the upper yield point observed experimentally on retesting following stress relaxation or annealing was found to be attributed to the transient variation in the thermally surmountable obstacle dislocation density, which increased during annealing and temporarily decreased on retesting to an appropriate value which balanced with the thermally unsurmountable obstacle dislocation density given by the Cottrell-Stokes ratio.
From these results, it was suggested that in the anneal hardening process the thermally surmountable obstacle dislocation density mainly varies during annealing, while in the work-hardening proess both the thermally surmountable and the thermally unsurmountable obstacle density vary with tensile strain.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1140K) -
井口 義章, 天弘 義一, 平尾 次郎1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 282-287
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe compositions of FeO-M2O (M=Na,Li) solid solution in equilibrium with Ar-H2-H2O mixture of fixed compositions at 1273 K were determined by analysis by means of a reduction method and a fire flame method. The concentration of cation vacancy calculated on the assumption of no interstitial cation-defect was smaller than that in hypothetical ideal binary solutions FeO-M2O. The vacancy concentration was tried to be calculated as a function of the content of M2O in the consideration of two external reactions, (13) and (14). The values of logK13 and logK14 were able to be expressed by linear functions of the concentration of M in the lattice, although the apparent equilibrium constants were dependent on the defect concentration and oxygen pressure.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (794K) -
岩田 誠一, 中田 健介, 菊地 彰1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 287-292
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThis study was carried out to find out causes for the scatter in the value of the forward voltage of an Al/Si Schottky barrier diode. The Al/Si interface was studied by ESCA (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis) after chemical removal of the Al evaporated on the Si. It was found that (1) the Si was oxidized in the early stages of Al evaporation, (2) this oxidation was caused by the Al which first arrived at the Si substrate and was oxidized, (3) the O/Al ratio of this oxidized Al was estimated to be greater than 3:2 (the ratio for Al2O3) with excess O available for oxidizing the Si and (4) this Si oxidation was more significant when the shutter in the evaporation chamber was unable to completely shut off the evaporation source from the substrate thus allowing the Al to be oxidized during this “slow evaporation” and when the substrate temperature was lower resulting in less Si oxide reduction by the Al.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (770K) -
片桐 敏夫, 藤井 京子, 嵯峨 卓郎, 藤木 栄1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 293-297
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn order to make clear the mechanism of the abnormal structure formation that was obtained sometimes between the boride layer and the matrix of boronized medium carbon alloy steel, carbon steels (S25C, S45C, SK5) were boronized and diffusion-annealed at various temperatures for various periods of time, and were investigated by X-ray diffractometry, high temperature microscopy and emission spectroscopy. The abnormal structure formation was found in all of the specimens treated at the temperatures of austenite field.
It was considered that the formation of the abnormal structure was attributed to the austenite grain growth and the precipitation of borocementite caused by boron diffused to the inner part of specimen.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1850K) -
荒牧 正俊, 林 安徳1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 298-303
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーKinetics of adsorption of hydrogen on metal surface has been discussed from the measurements of electrical resistivity change of iron evaporated films on admission of hydrogen gas of various pressures. Similar experiments were carried out for titanium evaporated flims and used for explanation of the adsorption kinetics of hydrogen on iron films.
Kinetic parameters of adsorption are derived from the time response of the resistivity change on the bases of adsorption models. They are compared with the parameters derived from thermodynamical estimation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (768K) -
寺脇 和夫, 香山 滉一郎, 橋本 雍彦, 大森 慎一郎1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 303-307
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーVisually smooth and adherent deposits of molybdenum have been electrolytically obtained on copper and nickel substrates in a KF-B2O3-MoO3 fused salt bath with a molybdenum anode at temperatures of 1073-1123 K and current densities of 110-770 A/m2. On the other hand, a KF-MoO3 bath has given powdery deposits of molybdenum.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1069K) -
沖 猛雄, 興戸 正純, 兼松 秀行1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 308-314
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThree types of Al-Zn-Mg alloys were examined in various environments, i.e 0.6 kmol/m3 NaCl solution, air and vacuum, using Slow Strain Rate Technique (SSRT). The specimens used were specimen (A) containing Cu, specimen (B) containing Mn and specimen (C) containing Cr, Mn and Zr.
All specimens fractured transgranularly at the pitting potential region in 0.6 kmol/m3 NaCl solution, which was though to be pitting initiation cracking. Intergranular cracking occurred for specimen (A) and (B) at the pitting potential region in NaCl solution and in air, but it did not occur for specimen (C) under the condition of this investigation. The fracture ratio of intergranular cracking decreased in vacuum rather than in air. This means that the oxygen in air plays an important role in the formation of intergranular cracking, and this type of cracking was considered as the film rupture-formation cracking.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3185K) -
品田 豊, 西 義1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 315-319
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of titanium addition to nickel-base alloys on hot corrosion in Na2SO4-NaCl mixtures was examined by laboratory tests in stagnant air within a temperature range from 1073 to 1373 K.
Titanium added to a Ni-20Cr binary alloy stimulated spalling of scale and brought a slight increase of the corrosion loss. Nevertheless the basic corrosion behavior of Ni-20Cr-1.5Ti and -3Ti alloys, such as salt-composition and temperature dependence of corrosion loss and internal penetration was nearly equal to that of Ni-20Cr alloy. The corrosion loss of Ni-20Cr-2Al-3Ti alloy was maximum in salt mixtures due to abnormal fluxing of alloy components. This was a characteristic nature of Ni-Cr-Al alloy, and hence the detrimental effect of aluminum on the corrosion behavior of the Ni-20Cr alloy containing titanium with aluminum appeared in preference to the minor effect of titanium.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (925K) -
山本 勉, 伊藤 亨, 蒲地 一嘉1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 320-327
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn a previous paper the results of X-ray measurements on the residual stresses of cemented carbides coated with TiN were reported, and it was made clear that the residual stresses in CVD coated specimens were tensile and those in PVD coated specimens were compressive. From these experimental results, it was concluded that the inferiority of frcture resistance of CVD coated specimen compared with that of PVD coated specimen might be attributed to the in the tensile residual stresses in the former specimens.
To consider the origin of the tensite residual stresses in the CVD coated cemented carbides, X-ray diffraction patterns, using graphite monochromated Co radiation, taken from the cemented carbides were examined in the following three states, the state in which TiN was CVD deposited, the state in which the deposited layer was removed by electro-polishing and the state in which the annealing was given, and the results were compared with those of the PVD coated cemented carbides. The distribution and the migration of the component atoms in the interface between the deposited layer and the substrate were examined by an X-ray microanalyser.
The results are as follows:
(1) When the deposited layer is removed by electro polishing, the tensile stress in the WC phase of the CVD coated specimen is changed to nearly zero, but the compressive stress in that of the PVD coated specimen is not changed.
(2) When the coated specimens are annealed above 1173 K, the tensile stress in the WC phase of the CVD coated specimens is not changed, but the compressive stress in the PVD coated specimens are changed from compression to tension.
(3) Migration of carbon atoms from the substrate to the deposited layer by the diffusion process occurred in the CVD coated specimens but did not in the PVD cpated specimens.
(4) The shrinkage of the crystal lattice of the WC phase and η carbide phase occurred, but the η carbide phase was not formed in the PVD coated specimens.
From those results, it is considered that the tensile stress in the CVD coated specimens must be caused by the thermal stress between the deposited layer and the substrate and by the stress resulting from the shrinkage of crystal lattice of the WC phase and the η phase, but the compressive stress in the PVD coated specimen may be caused by the internal stresses within the deposited layer.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1569K) -
佐藤 義信1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 328-335
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーInvestigations have been made on the effect of a small quantity of addition of Ti less than 1.5%, or 0.75%Ti and of C less than 0.5% on magnetic properties, stress-sensitivity in magnetic permeability, wear-resistance against abrasive contact with a magnetic tape, electrical resistivity and hardness of a high permeability 83%Ni-11%Fe-6%V alloy. Specimens used in this study were prepared from thin sheets 1, 0.05 and 0.025 mm thick processed by hot-forging and-rolling followed by cold-rolling to more than 85% reduction in area after vacuum-melting, and subsequently annealed in a pure H2 atmosphere in the temperature range between 873 and 1473 K for 3.6 or 7.2 ks. Ring specimens for measurements of the magnetic properties were further subjected to baking at 733 K for 0.3-144 ks.
It is found that the effective permeability μe in a higher frequency field and also the wear-resistance property of the Ni-Fe-6%V alloy can be improved by addition of a small amount of Ti and C. For example, a typical 83%Ni-10.1%Fe-6%V-0.75%Ti-0.15%C alloy exhibits a 20% higher value of μe at 100 kHz for the alloy specimen 0.025 mm in sheet thickness, and the value of wear-resistance three times as large as that of the base alloy for the alloy specimen annealed at 1223 K.
Microstructural observations and various analyses indicate that the above-mentioned improvements in both μe in the higher frequency range and the wear-resistance are due to a proper amount of dispersion of V and/or Ti carbide particles in the alloy matrix.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2107K) -
砥綿 真一, 山田 銑一1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 336-341
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーSilicon-carbide fiber (Nicalon®)-reinforced aluminum alloys were fabricated by the squeeze casting process. The effects of alloying elements, Ni, Cu, Si and Mg, on the fracture behaviour of the composites were investigated by the three point flexural test and acoustic emission measurement.
The longitudinal flexural strengths of the composites were 1.25 GPa for pure aluminum matrix, 1.1 GPa for Al-5%Ni, 0.75 GPa for Al-4.5%Cu, 0.43 GPa for Al-3%Si and 0.25 GPa for Al-5%Mg alloy matrix. The acoustic emission counts for pure aluminum matrix accumulated up to the maximum flexural stress was largest, and the flexural fracture occurred with gradual crack propagation. For matrices containing alloying elements, Ni, Cu, Si and Mg, the acoustic emission counts were less than those for pure aluminum matrix, and the fracture of those matrices occurred drastically with fast crack propagation around the maximum stress. Second phase platelets were preferentially crystallized around the fibers and affected the crack propagation. However, second phases of whisker-like Al3Ni in the Al-5%Ni matrix less affected the propagation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1545K) -
内海 明博, 垣生 宗英, 松田 純, 永田 重幸, 菅坡 和彦1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 342-343
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (507K) -
稲垣 裕輔1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 344-345
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (327K) -
阿部 光延1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 346-347
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (338K) -
稲垣 裕輔1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 348-349
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (253K) -
阿部 光延1986 年 50 巻 3 号 p. 350
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (146K)
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