巻号一覧
50 巻, 6 号
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田中 功, 那須 三郎, 藤田 英一1986 年 50 巻 6 号 p. 523-529
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリー119Sn Mössbauer spectra of Au-Sn binary alloys with different tin concentrations from 2 to 90 at%Sn have been measured. The obtained values of the isomer shift (ΔSI) and the quadrupole splitting (ΔEQ) for four Au-Sn intermetallic compounds, ζ, AuSn, AuSn2 and AuSn4, were discussed by taking account of their crystal structures. The values of isomer shift for these compounds relative to BaSnO3 at room temperature were 2.02(3), 2.28(2), 2.35(2) and 2.73(6), respectively. They increased almost linearly with the tin concentration except that the value of AuSn4 showed a large deviation beyond that of β-Sn. The result was well explained in terms of two characteristic features in the compounds, i.e. the number of Au near-neighbours for Sn atoms, nAu, and the specific volume of Sn atoms, VSn. The quadrupole splittings for the four compounds were 0.25(2), 0.25(2), 0.71(2) and 0.17(3), respectively. They were of the same order as that of β-Sn, except a larger splitting for AuSn2. These values well agreed with a simplified calculation of electric field gradient at a Sn site surrounded by near-neighbour Au atoms which were assumed to be point charges. The spectrum of AuSn2 was resolved into two doublets, which suggested a large difference in electronic configurations between two sorts of lattice sites of tin atoms.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (924K) -
牧田 春光, 花田 修治, 和泉 修1986 年 50 巻 6 号 p. 530-537
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe rolling texture and the primary and secondary recrystallization texture of copper alloy sheets were measured by X-ray diffraction and electron channeling pattern method. The specimen sheets contain 0.1 mol% additional elements such as Si, Ge, P, In and Ti.
Deformation textures were not affected by all the additional elements and showed the Cu-type texture. The recrystallization texture was found to fall into two types. In case of Si or Ge addition, which slightly raised the recrystallization temperature, the primary recrystallization texture showed a sharp cube orientation and the secondary recrystallization appeared. On the contrary, in case of P, In or Ti addition, which distinctly raised the recrystallization temperature, the primary recrystallization texture showed a weak cube orientation mixed with other orientations and no secondary recrystallization occurred.
The obtained results are discussed in relation to stacking fault energies and grain boundary structures.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2362K) -
轟 恒彦, 田村 裕一1986 年 50 巻 6 号 p. 538-545
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of the composition (49.7, 50.2 and 50.6 at%Ni) and heat treatment (673 K-933 K) on the shear stress dependence of shear strain vs. temperature relation of Ti-Ni alloy coil springs are investigated with constant bias loads. The resulting shear stress (τ)-transformation temperature (T) diagrams are analyzed in detail. The shear stress dependence of electrical resistance vs. temperature relation is also investigated. The results are summarized as follows.
(1) The maximum shear stress below which the R-phase exists increases as the Ni content increases and the heat treatment temperature decreases.
(2) The τ-T relation of the R→M transformation separates into two independent parts. One is in the low shear stress range, where the R-phase transformation strain increases with increasing shear stress, and the other lying above the former is in the shear stress range, where it remains almost constant. There is also a two-stage variation in the electrical resistance vs. temperature relation in the shear stress range, where the two parts coexist.
(3) From the practical view points, the shear stress dependence of the shear strain vs. temperature relation can be adopted as data sheets for design of coil dimensions and estimation of hysteresis loops. It is also possible to estimate the shear strain vs. temperature relation associated with phase transformations from the τ-T diagrams.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1113K) -
轟 恒彦, 田村 裕一1986 年 50 巻 6 号 p. 546-554
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn this study, the stress dependence of strain-and electrical resistance-temperature relations is investigated by thermal-cycling tests with tensile pre-load for Ti-Ni alloys (49.8 and 50.2 at%Ni) heat-treated at temperature between 743 K and 933 K. The resulting stress (σ)-transformation temperature (T) diagrams are, then, analyzed in detail. The results are summarized as follows.
(1) The σ-T diagram in the present study shows similar aspects to that in the tensile test by Miyazaki et al. except for the low stress range in which an analysis with enough accuracy could not be made in tensile test.
(2) The σ-T relation of the R→M transformation is not linear and is divided into three parts according to the stress level; (a) low-stress part with large dσ⁄dT, (b) middle-stress part with small dσ⁄dT and (c) high-stress part with relatively large dσ⁄dT. While the R-phase transformation strain increases as the stress becomes larger in the stress range of part (a), it remains constant in the stress range of parts (b) and (c). In the part (c), the R→M transformation takes place before the interaxial angle of the R-phase reaches a maximum. Furthermore, in the stress range of part (c), it is noted that stress dependence of the martensitic transformation strain becomes relatively small, that the residual strain becomes evident at Af point, and that the apparent heat of transformation evaluated from the Clausius-Clapeyron formula increases.
(3) The electrical resistance at Mf point increases as stress becomes larger. As for the R→M transformation, the amount of the increase is found to be approximately twice as large as the value estimated from the elongation of the sample during transformation and the apparent increase in the specific resistance which brings residual resistance at Af point.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1450K) -
岡田 稔, 西川 富雄1986 年 50 巻 6 号 p. 555-562
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーCold rolling of an alpha-beta titanium alloy is very difficult, because alpha phase has the close packed hexagonal crystal structure. A Ti-15V-3Al-3Sn-3Cr alloy has been developed as a cold formable and age-hardenable, metastable beta titanium alloy. The effect of cold rolling conditions on microstructures and mechanical properties of this alloy has not been reported in detail yet.
In this report, the changes in mechanical properties with cold rolling up to 90% were examined on samples as-rolled and heat-treated. The results show that the 0.2% proof stress and the tensile strength after cold rolling increase with cold rolling reductions. The tensile strength becomes constant at 700 MPa after the beta solution treatment and at 1400 MPa after 723 K-86.4 ks aging despite of different cold rolling reductions.
The texture of beta phase shows (100)[011] type after 90% cold rolling and (111)[112] type after the beta solution treatment. After beta solution treatment no anisotropy of the 0.2% proof stress is observed because of the inclination of the change in texture to uniformity.
Microstructures and mechanical properties of directly aged samples after cold rolling were also examined. Very fine particles of alpha phase precipitate in the directly aged samples. The 0.2% proof stress and the tensile strength increase with cold rolling reductions in the directly aged samples at 813 K for 28.8 ks. On the other hand, the samples directly aged at 723 K for 86.4 ks show no macroscopic ductilities, and the fracture surfaces are strongly faceted, like the samples aged at 573 K for 360 ks reported before.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2409K) -
田上 耕司, 石丸 淳一, 高原 良博, 松田 日出彦1986 年 50 巻 6 号 p. 562-567
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーMeasurements of the electrical resistivity and stress relaxation tests are made to clarify whether the two rate-controlling processes of the dislocation intersection and the shearing of GP zones by dislocations operate in parallel (parallel processes) or consecutively in series (consecutive processes) when Al-Zn alloys are plastically deformed at 77 K. The discrimination between parallel and consecutive processes is done by investigating the sign of dm*⁄dσ* derived from the assumption that the strain rates during stress relaxation depend on the effective stress in the same way as the Johnston-Gilman type equation of \dotε∝σ*m*. All of the deformation belongs apparently to parallel processes except that the single process of the dislocation intersection rate-controlls the deformation in a dilute alloy with no maximum of electrical resistivity at the initial ageing and in any alloys at the final one. The single process changes to consecutive processes at about the stress level for deformation stagnancy after a full relaxation. This transition indicates the possibility that there exist small GP zones even in a dilute alloy or at the final stage of ageing.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (837K) -
泰松 斉, 運藤 良克, 中谷 文忠, 荻野 和巳1986 年 50 巻 6 号 p. 568-575
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe following reactions have been studied at 1823 K in CO-CO2 mixtures: reactions between liquid Ni-Co-O or Ni-Fe-O alloys and Al2O3 to form spinel-type double oxides as reaction layers, and reactions between liquid Ni-Co-O or Ni-Fe-O alloys and MgO to form continuous diffusion layers in the solid oxides. The kinetics for the formation of aluminate spinels obeyed the parabolic rate law. The rate of formation of NiAl2O4 in the reaction between liquid Ni-O alloy and Al2O3 was in agreement with the reported values obtained in the solid-state reaction between NiO and Al2O3. The concentration of metal ions was regulated at the MgO surface in contact with the liquid alloys by the oxygen partial pressure, and the flux of metal ions which diffused into the MgO was increased with increasing oxygen partial pressure. Comparison of the results from this study with previous researches into solid-state reactions between oxides suggests that the counterdiffusion of cations through a reaction layer is rate controlling.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1338K) -
磯西 和夫, 時実 正治1986 年 50 巻 6 号 p. 575-582
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーVacuum hot pressing of Fe-10%Si-6%Al alloy (Sendust) powder prepared by Ar-gas atomizing was carried out at temperatures between 1123 and 1273 K and at pressures between 100 and 200 MPa for various periods of time up to 7.2 ks.
Under the pressure of 100 MPa, the compacts having high relative density (>99%) were obtained at a temperature higher than 1223 K. At a lower temperature such as 1173 K, a higher pressure (200 MPa) was necessary to obtain the compacts having a high relative density (>99%).
The high temperature deformation behaviors of the compacts were also investigated by compression tests at various temperatures corresponding to the hot pressing temperatures using the compacts having the density higher than 99%. The results indicated that, in this alloy, the high temperature deformation behaviors changed at the temperature (\simeq1173 K) where the DO3\ ightleftarrowsα order-disorder transformation occurred. Remarkable differences in the deformation behavior were recognized between lower and higher temperatures than this temperture. These facts were presumed to be a cause of the observed difference between densification behaviors of the compact at the lower temperatures (1123 K and 1173 K) and the higher temperatures (1223 K and 1273 K) during hot pressing.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2618K) -
国谷 啓一, 荒川 英夫, 阪上 正, 御法川 斉, 明山 健二, 坂本 達事1986 年 50 巻 6 号 p. 583-589
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn power semiconductor devices, a supporting electrode made of materials such as molybdenum or tungsten is inserted between a silicon wafer and a copper block. The electrode functions as a means for alleviating thermal stress acting on the wafer as well as a means for conducting electric current.
However, molybdenum and tungsten have some problems: (1) Their coefficients of thermal expansion are not equal to that of the silicon wafer, (2) the thermal and electrical conductivities are not so high as desirable, and (3) their coefficients of thermal expansion do not meet that of insulating substrates such as a sintered alumina plate, which is used in a power module.
We have already reported the development of a new copper-carbon fiber composite which possesses the properties of copper, i.e., the excellent electrical and thermal conductivities, and the properties of carbon fiber, i.e., a small thermal expansion coefficient(1)−(7). The properties of these copper-carbon fiber composites can be adjusted within a certain range by changing the volume fraction, kind and/or arrangement of carbon fibers, whereby the thermal expansion coefficient can be adjusted to be approximately equal to that of silicon. One of the practical consequences of this work is that the composite can be soldered directly to silicon wafers.
This new composite was applied to several power semiconductor devices, for example, resin molded diode, button type diode, stud type diode, power module and IC ignitor module. The properties of these power semiconductor devices were compared favorably with those conventional devices using molybdenum or tungsten electrodes. In the thermal fatigue tests, no degradation in the electrical and mechanical characteristics of these devices were observed. It is concluded that the new composite electrode with carbon fibers satisfies all of the major requirements for the electrodes in power semiconductor devices.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (960K) -
比内 正勝, 沢谷 昭八, 増本 量1986 年 50 巻 6 号 p. 590-593
発行日: 1986年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe influence of cold working on the damping capacity and the mechanical properties was investigated for Al-Ni alloys containing 0.2 to 12%Ni. The logarithmic decrement δ and the rigidity modulus G were measured by an inverted torsion pendulum method, and the tensile strength σt by an Instron-typemachine.
In both the furnace-cooled and water-quenched states the δ was increased in some degree by the Ni addition. By cold working after heat treatment, the δ became considerably higher with increasing reduction rate in area. The alloys cold-worked after furnace cooling was higher in δ than those cold-worked after water quenching; the Al-4%Ni alloy showed the highest δ value of 63×10−3 when cold-worked to 95% reduction rate in area. The increment in δ by cold working is considered to be due to a remarkable increase in density of dislocations and an action as pinning of a proper amount of compound Al3Ni (ε phase) on dislocation motion. Cold working after the heat treatment results in a decrease in G and an increase in σt. The G and σt both increased with increasing Ni concentration, irrespective of the heat treatment and the cold working that followed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (539K)
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