巻号一覧
53 巻, 11 号
選択された号の論文の18件中1～18を表示しています
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菅原 茂夫, 渡辺 慈朗1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1079-1084
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of etching temperature on the dissolution rates at edge dislocation sites and dislocation-free sites of the (111) surface of copper single crystals was studied. The etching was carried out at temperatures 270 to 285 K for 5 to 25 s with Young’s etchant containing (NH4)2S2O8 1 kmol·m−3, NH4OH 6 kmol·m−3 and NH4Br 0.3 kmol·m−3. From the measured data on the width and depth of dislocation etch pits and the dissolved thickness of the (111) matrix surface as a function of etching time, the linear dissolution rates parallel and normal to the surface at dislocation sites, vh and vd, and the dissolution rate normal to the surface at dislocation-free sites, vs, were calculated. As a result, it was found that the dissolution rates were in the order of vh>vd>vs at any temperature and that they increased as the etching temperature increased. These results were qualitatively discussed by the kinetic theory of two-dimensional nucleation and step motion for crystal dissolution and some kinetic quantities relating to the formation of two-dimensional nucleus and the step motion were evaluated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1070K) -
羽木 秀樹1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1085-1088
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーDiffusion coefficients of hydrogen in the palladium films of α-phase have been measured between 278 and 323 K by an electrochemical stripping method. Palladium films were deposited on iron by RF sputtering. The values of the diffusion coefficient of hydrogen obtained for the film specimens of 0.68 μm and 1.36 μm in thickness were about 2 orders of magnitude lower than those reported for the bulk specimens in the literature, and the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficients of hydrogen was given by DH (m2/s)=4.16×10−9exp (−25.7 (kJ/mol)/RT).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (436K) -
土肥 春夫, 橋本 健紀, 笠原 和男, 辻本 得蔵1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1089-1097
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe X-ray diffraction method to determine the long range order parameter in binary alloys has been extended to examine the site occupancy of third elements like V, Mn, Zr and Nb and the amount of mutually exchanged Ti and Al atoms in TiAl phase for ternary TiAl-X alloys.
In the present analysis, unknown parameters βAl and βX were determined by solving simultaneous equations: βAl=P+Q×βX with respect to different P and/Q values where βAl or βx represents the amounts of Al or X occupied in the Al site in the TiAl phase, P and Q are the experimentally determined values; the former depends predominantly on the ratio of integrated intensity whereas the latter only depends on the atomic scattering factors in superlattice reflections.
It was turned out that V and Mn atoms are occupied predominantly in the Al site whereas Zr and Nb atoms are occupied in the Ti site; the amount of mutually exchanged Al and Ti atoms decreases with increasing the concentration of V and Mn whereas it decreases at first and then increases for the concentration above 5 at% of Zr and Nb.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1031K) -
飴山 惠, 山下 公彦, 稲葉 輝彦, 時実 正治1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1098-1104
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of cold working (0-80%) of the β single phase on the precipitation behavior of the α phase during aging in the (α+β) two-phase region and the mechanical properties have been studied for Ti-15%Mo-5%Zr-3%Al and Ti-12%Mo-6%Zr-5%Sn metastable β alloys. The β single phase is prepared by heating the alloys above the β transition temperature followed by quenching into water. The resulting (α+β) structures are considerablly affected by cold working of the β phase. Without cold working, the α phase preferentially precipitates at β grain boundaries, and then plate-like α comes out in the β grain. When the amount of cold working is less than 50%, the precipitation of the α phase preferentially occurs not only at the β grain boundaries but at the dislocations introduced into the β grain by the cold working. When the amount of cold working becomes as large as 80% , the β subgrain structure is rapidly formed by recovering during heating up to the aging temperature or in the early stages of aging. In such a case, the α particles precipitate at these β subgrain boundaries. Therefore, the (α+β) microduplex structure, which consists of very fine β subgrains and α particles, is obtained. In the case of the Ti-15%Mo-5%Zr-3%Al alloy, the precipitation of the α phase occurs in the earlier stages of aging and the amount of the α precipitate is much larger than that in the case of the Ti-12%Mo-6%Zr-5%Sn aIloy; thus a much finer (α+β) microduplex structure is formed in the former alloy. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation are improved by forming the (α+β) microduplex structure in both Ti-15%Mo-5%Zr-3%Al and Ti-12%Mo-6%Zr-5%Sn alloy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3419K) -
安藤 新二, 高島 和希, 頓田 英機1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1105-1112
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーCadmium single crystals were stretched in the ⟨1120⟩ direction to investigate the deformation behavior by non-basal slip. The ranges of testing temperature and strain rate were from 77 to 293 K and from 10−3 to 10−5/s, respectively. The results obtained are as follows: {11\bar22}⟨\bar1\bar123⟩ slips (SPCS) were observed just after yielding at all temperatures and strain rates. In the range from 77 to 133 K, the yield stress decreased with increasing temperature, while the stress increased with increasing temperature in the range from 133 to 293 K. The stress increased by a few MPa at all temperatures when strain rate was increased by a factor of a hundred. The mode of deformation due to SPCS was investigated by the etch pit technique and observations of slip bands. A bundle of slip bands (BSB) into which slip bands were clustered, appeared as an etch pit band (EPB). The slip bands became finer and shorter with increasing temperature. BSB and EPB increased in width continuously with increasing temperature and covered the whole specimen surface at 293 K even just after yielding. The dislocation density in EPB did not change with temperature, strain and strain rate, while the mean moving distance of edge dislocation decreased exponetially with increasing temperature. Furthermore, the shear strain in EPB and BSB decreased rapidly with increasing temperature but did not change with applied strain. The above results suggests that the deformation mode is similar to Lüders deformation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2047K) -
早川 弘之, 中島 英治, 吉永 日出男1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1113-1122
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn order to clarify the origin of internal stress in solution-hardened alloys being deformed at high temperatures, the dislocation density and structure were determined by TEM observation using Al-Mg alloys with 3 , 4 and 5 at%Mg crept well into the steady state, the internal stress in which had been evaluated by the stress change test. The creep test was carried out at temperatures from 573 to 723 K and at stresses from 4.4 to 70 MPa.
It is found that many attractive junctions are formed by dislocations on different slip planes and a relation
(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.)
\ oindentholds between the internal stress, \barσi, and dislocation density, ρ. Here, M is the Taylor factor, G the shear modulus, and b the magnitude of the Burgers vector. From these findings, it is concluded that the main origin of internal stress is the athermal stress needed for breaking the attractive junctions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2785K) -
小林 剛, 大河内 春乃1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1123-1128
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAn analytical method has been established for the determination of trace amounts of indium in nickel-base heat-resisting alloys by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. An alloy was dissolved in hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid. After the solution (20 mm3) was pipetted into a L’vov platform furnace, it was ashed (1173 K-60 s, hydrogen 5 cm3) and atomized (2273 K; ramp 0 s, hold 4 s) by using argon as a purge gas. Atomic absorption of indium was measured at 325.6 nm. The effect of diverse elements was suppressed by peak area measurement. Synthetic calibration solutions were prepared by adding indium standard solution to nickel matrix solutions which had the same acid concentrations as those of the sample solutions. The relative standard deviation of the proposed method was within 2.6% at 18 ppm of indium in nickel-base heat-resisting alloys. The limit by detection (3σ of blank value) was 0.1 ppm of indium, when one gram of the specimen.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (764K) -
香山 滉一郎, 橋本 雍彦1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1129-1133
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe standard Gibbs free energies of formation of Co3B, Co2B and CoB have been determined in the temperature range from 1126 to 1360 K by measuring electromotive forces of galvanic cells having a solid oxide electrolyte. The results obtained are as follows:
(1) ΔGf° (Co3B)=−66900−7.51T(±170 J/mol).
(T=1151∼1331 K)
(2) ΔGf° (Co2B)=−70700−4.08T(±400 J/mol).
(T=1126∼1360 K)
(3) ΔGf° (CoB)=−77900+10.51T(±230 J/mol).
(T=1151∼1274 K)
(4) Co3B decomposes to Co and Co2B by a eutectoid reaction. The eutectoid temperature, which was calculated from the standard Gibbs free enegies of formation of Co3B and Co2B, was 1108 K.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (634K) -
粟倉 泰弘, 吉武 俊一, 真嶋 宏1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1134-1139
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe electrowinning of zinc is currently practiced using acidic zinc sulfate solutions. This process is characterized by a large anodic overvoltage, required to discharge oxygen at a lead anode. If an acidic zinc chloride solution is applicable in the electrowinning, the use of the anodes originally developed for the chloroalkali industry can be expected. These anodes discharge chlorine with the operation of low over-voltages, and high current densities, permitting energy savings and/or an increase in plant productivity, depending on the choice of current densities.
For this reason, a fundamental study was undertaken to establish the solubility of chlorine in various chloride solutions at 298 K. The solubility of chlorine gas in aqueous HCl solutions drastically decreases with increasing HCl concentration up to 0.2 kmol·m−3, while it increases gradually with a further increase in HCl concentration. In the aqueous HCl solutions containing MClx (M: Na, K, Ca, Ba, Mg, Ni, Co, Zn, and Fe(III)), the solubility of chlorine gas decreases monotonously with increasing MClx concentration. Chlorine exists as Cl2 (aq), HClO, and Cl3− in aqueous solutions. Based on the speciation of chlorine in aqueous solutions, it is found that the decrease in the solubility of chlorine in aqueous HCl solutions in the concentration range of 0-0.2 kmol·m−3 is due to the decrease in HClO concentration, and that the gradual increase in the solubility with a further addition of HCl is due to the increase in Cl3− concentration. Moreover, the addition of MClx in aqueous solutions results in the decrease in solubility through the decrease in Cl2 (aq).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (707K) -
山口 勉功, 板垣 乙未生, 矢澤 彬1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1140-1147
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーHeat contents of the In-P and Ga-P systems were measured by a drop-calorimeter in the respective concentration range of Np=0.05 to 0.50 (InP) and Np=0.02 to 0.10, at the temperature ranges of 800 to 1450 K and 800 to 1550 K. A thermodynamic analysis method was applied to calculate thermodynamic quantities such as the activities of related components in the liquid In-P and Ga-P systems and the free energies of mixing in the liquid In-P and Ga-P systems. The activity of In in the liquid In-P system at 1473 K showed a negative deviation and a slight positive deviation from Raoult’s law in the compound side and in the In-rich region, respectively, while the activity of P showed a large negative deviation. The activity of Ga in the liquid Ga-P system at 1573 K showed a slight positive deviation from Raoult’s law, and that of P showed a large negative deviation. Based on the obtained thermodynamic data, total pressure- or partial pressure-temperature-composition correlation diagrams were constructed for the In-P and Ga-P systems. Total pressure of phosphorus gas species and partial pressure of P2 showed a drastic increase with increasing temperature and increasing phosphorus concentration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (973K) -
原 茂太, 池宮 範人, 荻野 和巳1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1148-1152
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe surface tensions and densities of molten lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) were measured by the maximum bubble pressure method and the Archimedean method. The results are shown below:
(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.)抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (592K) -
中橋 昌子, 白兼 誠, 竹田 博光1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1153-1160
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーJoining nitride ceramics to metals was tried using various brazing alloys containing titanium. Ti-Ag-Cu and Ti-Cu brazing alloys showed good bondability to both silicon nitride and aluminum nitride. The microstractural and compositional change in the joints were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, auger electron microscopy and other analytical methods.
It was found that these ceramics were decomposed by titanium into metals and nitrogen, and titanium nitride was produced at the interface of the ceramics and brazing alloy. The titanium nitride surface seemed to be very rough. Therefore it is considered that, after titanium nitride was produced the molten brazing alloy flowed into these rough surfaces and made micro-mechanical bonds.
Aluminum nitride on which surface titanium nitride was produced using Ti-Cu brazing alloy, could bond to metal using conventional silver brazing alloy or nickel brazing alloy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1795K) -
徐 洲, 酒井 拓1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1161-1167
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe static softening processes taking place after dynamic recovery (DRV) and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) were studied by means of interrupted tensile tests for a 0.4%C-1.5%Mn steel at a temperature-compensated strain rate Z. The softening curves associated with DRV matrices (ε=0.1) consist of two stages followed by complete softening, in which (i) classical recovery and (ii) classical recrystallization take place in sequence. By contrast, the softening curves in a full DRX structure (ε=0.26) consist of three distinct stages with each inflection plateau, followed by incomplete softening. These can be controlled mainly by (i) metadynamic recrystallization, (ii) metadynamic recovery and classical recrystallization, and (iii) grain growth. The activation energy for the softening in stage 2 nearly equals that for dynamic recrystaIlization, which is clearly smaller than that for static recrystallization. It is concluded that all stages of softening after DRX can be strongly affected by the existence of growing DRX grains having no potentiality for classical nucleation and the role of metadynamic recovery taking place within them.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1009K) -
宮川 長二, 羽田 紘一, 後藤 公美, 宮原 鉄洲1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1168-1176
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーSmall particles of Fe3C (cementite) in an acicular shape (0.2 μm in length, 10/1 in axial ratio) have been synthesized by heating acicular shaped powders of iron (α-Fe) in a flow of carbon monoxide or/and hydrogen gas mixture. X-ray analyses, electron microscopy, magnetic measurements and Mössbauer spectroscopy are employed for the characterizations. The chemical treatment required to obtain single phase Fe3C particles has been studied in the carburizing temperature range from 623 to 873 K. The saturation magnetization (σs) and intrinsic coercive force (iHc) attained are around 138×10−6 Wb·m·kg−1 (110 emu·g−1) and 51.7 kA·m−1 (650 Oe), respectively. Possible applications for magnetic recording powders are found for Fe3C particles synthesized at 823 K and above through a durability test of magnetic properties, by placing the particles in air of 333 K-90% relative humidity for a prolonged time.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1270K) -
吉崎 完生, 圓城 敏男, 池内 建二1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1177-1183
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIn order to develop a new material for the thin film resistor with high resistivity and small TCR (Temperatrure Coefficient of Resistance), the electrical properties of thin films of Cr-Al-B ternary alloys deposited on 96% alumina substrates by using two-electron-beam evaporators have been investigated with particular reference to the effects of B content and heat treatment. The addition of B into the thin films of the 25 at%A1-Cr alloy caused the amorphization of bcc Cr-Al solid solution, and consequently no X-ray diffraction line from the bcc Cr-Al alloy could be found at B contents more than 20 at%. This amorphization was ac-companied by a remarkable decrease in resistivity and in the absolute value of negative TCR. At B contents more than 20 at%, however, the resistivity of the film increased largely with B content, while the change in TCR was rather small. It was suggested by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy that this increase in the resistivity of the amorphous thin film with B content was related to the binding of Al with O supplied from the atmosphere during the deposition. After the heat treatment at 773 K for 3.6 ks, the electrical properties of the films with B contents less than 20 at% approached those of the Cr-Al binary alloy owing to the crystallization of the amorphous phase. At B contents more than 20 at%, on the other hand, no crystallization due to the heat treatynent could be found, and the electrical properties of the films were hardly influenced by the heat treatment. The crystallization of the films with B more than 20 at% occurred during the heat treatment above 900 K to form Cr-B and Cr-Al compounds with electrical properties quite different from those of the films in the amorphous state.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1041K) -
伊藤 正彦, 小野瀬 庄二1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1184-1185
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (664K) -
増田 薫, 渡辺 克朗, 後藤 公美1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1186-1187
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (300K) -
稲葉 輝彦, 飴山 惠, 時実 正治1989 年 53 巻 11 号 p. 1188-1189
発行日: 1989年
公開日: 2008/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (647K)
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