In order to prevent injuries in earthquake, person at home is nessesary to take apporopriate actions, but it is difficult to make an accurate snap judgment during an earthquake. As one of the solution strategy, we have been developing an evacuation guidance system using five senses information. In the step of this study, we tried to propose a monitoring system capable of judging some events from indoor sound information at normal and earthquake. A recognition system function built in the system identifies the occurrence and location of events including living activities and indoor damage caused by earthquake through the analysis by deep learning.

This study analyzed spatial data of the affected areas by the debris flows in the heavy rain disaster of July 2018 and sediment disaster warning zones in Hiroshima prefecture. We revealed that almost 50% of the buildings in the affected areas are located still outside of the latest sediment disaster warning zones. Overflow and wide spreading of the debris from rivers were observed in the areas underestimated by the warning zones. Debris flow propagation analysis is performed to simulate the debris flow inundation areas based on the Flow-R and digital elevation model. We found that the analysis based smaller travel angle are required in order to reproduce the wide spreading of the debris in the downstream of rivers.

In this study, evaluation method to promote the power outage measures of hospital is suggested. At first, 54 measures were gathered up based on the event that happened at many hospitals at the time of Typhoon No.21(2018) and 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake. These measures were tried to evaluate in a certain hospital. As a result, this hospital was able to decide the priority of the power outrage measures. It is thought that the evaluation method in this study was effective because a hospital actually promoted measures. It will be necessary to promote the power outage measures of the hospital by trying" the evaluation method that this paper suggested at many hospitals"in the future.

In recent years, Tokyo inland Earthquake has been concerned. According to the earthquake damage estimation of Central Disaster Management Council, fire-related damages account for 70% of the whole so fire departments which have limited fire fighting power have to reduce disaster. In this study, we focused on resident’s wide-area evacuation in case of post-earthquake fures and proposed which risk is most critical for reducing human damages using the exist evacuation simulator. As a results, in the target area, if fire brigade can select enough fires, extinguishing activities considering resident’s evacuation are most effective to reduce human dmages and it may be helpful for extinguishing activities at that time.

The questionnaire survey was investigated for welfare facilities in the area where major floods occurred in recent years. In addition, the interview was investigated to welfare facilities which got away from a flood with help of other people. One of the problems is welfare facilities can’t get help of other people in times of an emergency. We insist that it is important to get the help of other people at the time of moving to a safe place. The welfare facilities should make good relationship with residents, information sharing about the evacuation planning , evacuation drills with the helper.

The relation between urban scale and the risk of rainfall inundation or the impacts of factors on the occurrence of rainfall inundation were quantitatively evaluated. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The risk of rainfall inundation increases as the urban scale increases, and decreases with further increases of urban scale. 2) There is no significant relationship between the urban scale and the impact of the meteorological factor on the occurrence of rainfall inundation. 3) There is a negative correlation between the urban scale and the impact of the topographical factor on the occurrence of rainfall inundation. 4) The impact of the urban factor on the occurrence of rainfall inundation was minor in small and large scale cities, and significant in medium scale cities.

The aim of this study is to clarifiy the reasons why residents accept the designation of the Orange Zone which means alert area for tsunami disaster and the concerns of municipalities. As a result, the following became clear; (1)Whether or not to accept the designation depends on residents’ proper understanding of the system and objectives of this area, and elimination of the concerns. (2)On the other hand, the municipalities do not come to a concrete consideration becuase that they are busy, that there are few designated records, and that surveys take much time. (3)It was pointed out that the consideration could be gave up because they can’t gain the understanding of the residents, they must coordinate with the town development policy, and they concern about reputational damage and impact on tourism.

While Vietnam is supposed a top-down governance nation, residents participate in planning region’s natural disaster prevention. However, the details have not been revealed. This study’s pourpose is clarification of the mechanism for obtaining residents’ opinions and the conditions to increase the degree of reflection. The study includes the documentary survey and the interview survey with five people. As a result, there is a mechanism to reflect local residents’ opinions with in the national policy scope and the degree of reflection can be increased with the support of external organizations such as JICA.

The listening to narratives of survivor’s disaster experience as inquiry based learning by 104 middle students in Kesennuma City inside affected area after 8 years of the Great East Japan Earthquake was practiced in 2019. This study performed to evaluate the leaning outcome and to find factors affecting their modifications based on questionnaire survey. The mainly results are summarized as follows. 1) 82.7% of students have realized some changes related cognitive, affective and action domain after the program. The action examples are updating emergency bag and starting activity as disaster story teller. 2) The modification after the program were correlated with narrative transportation, new findings for each student and a meaty discussion in group work in enough time.

What has the local disaster learning in schools and story telling in families after the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake(1995) passed down to the young people in the local post-disaster generation? The narrative by 6 young persons in the generation reveals that they have “medimemory” about the earthquake. In medimemory, they feel not having experience about the disaster, but feel it familiar. This paper discusses the repetitive story telling in family generates the medimemory in children and school provides them social view about the disaster including the image of death and destruction. Then, young people after the earthquake re-creates the image of the disaster, medimemory. They try to take their own responsibility in medimemory to inquire what they can(not) do to pass down their memory.

This study aims to record the condition of Futaba district residents in 2017 following the Fukushima nuclear accident. In this study, the questionnaire survey for all residents of Futaba district conducted by Fukushima University was analyzed as follows; 1) Mental health conditions of the residents were explained by multiple regression analysis using various variables such as conditions of life after the disaster, prospects of a future life, networks, and trust for social institutions. 2) The structural relation between proactive attitude and network/trust was described by correspondence analysis. Based on these studies, consideration of the individual recovery was added.

The large growth in the number of seismic retrofits carried out in Kochi Prefecture has attracted attention. This report presents a detailed cost analysis to show how seismic retrofits in Kochi Prefecture were completed at very modest expense. It also examines collaboration among stakeholders from the results of questionnaire and interview survey. Kochi Prefecture accomplishes seismic retrofits without undue burden on homeowners by creating a framework of collaboration among stakeholders and identifying suppliers that carry out high-quality yet inexpensive seismic retrofits.

In Sekikawa Village, Niigata Prefecture, an attempt is still being made to preserve the memories and lessons from the floods which had attacked over 50 years ago for future generations through a festival, but the effectiveness for succession and preparedness has not been clarified. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the actual state of handing down the memories of the floods in the village and to propose a more effective and sustainable method of succession of disaster memory. As a result, it was shown that almost the inhabitants know the day of the flood occurrence by big snake motif as festival symbol and the festival participation, and it was suggested that cooperation with school education is also important for long-term disaster tradition.

Since the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, the importance of post-disaster psychological care has been recognized.During the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, school counselors (SC) were dispatched from all over Japan to care for the minds of children. In this paper, we analyzed the actual situation and issues of the SCs dispatched at the time of the Kumamoto earthquake based on several reports and interviews with those who received support.As a result, it was found that the acceptance system of the dispatched SCs can be classified into five functions of the incident command system (ICS). The block system adopted by SC in Kumamoto City was effective for commandintegration. On the other hand, some of the dispatched SCs were confused about the support methods. In order to properly provide SC support, it is important to utilize the ICS concept and centralize command so that the instructions of the site manager can be thoroughly provided.

Due to its geographical conditions, Shanghai is exposed to have high flood risks caused by typhoons, storm surges, floods, and torrential rains. In order to examine how to promote the citizens’ preparedness against flood hazard, we conducted interviews with the government officers on the current states of flood risk management in Shanghai and Koto Ward, Tokyo and a questionnaire survey on Shanghai citizens. Based on the results of a structural equation model by covariance structure analysis, we found out it was important for improvement of people’s preparedness against the hazard to advocate the solution that meet their demand and raise their awareness of the flood risk.

The volcanic hazard map is one of the effective proactive measures for volcanic disasters. However, the general public has little interest in the hazard maps because it is not easy to understand them. To address this problem, this study develops a volcanic hazard map using augmented reality (AR). The effectiveness of the proposed AR hazard map was verified through the workshops held in Fujiyoshida City, in which participants actually used the prototype map. As a result, it was clarified that the AR hazard map could effectively supplement a printed hazard map and it was also found that the display switching function of the hazards was particularly effective for promoting understanding.

This study aimed at a mid and long term forcast of Japanese Economy after the anticipated Tokyo Inland Earthquake disaster. Delphi method survey to ESP forcasters was conducted, and a group interview survey to some of the forcasters was also held to build a worst scenario of the economy. The primary finding was that the most of respondents of the survey anticipate negative but mild economic consequences. The worst scenario that we found here was a coincidence of inflation, interst hike, and depreciation of Yen’s value, due to the loss of credibility of Japanese economy.

This paper presents the results of the discussion on the study on the qualitative risk degree for human casualties for earthquake disasters as part of a study to assess the mitigation and reduction level of regional disaster risk using local residual risk. The authors have already proposed a prototype model to analyze the "regional residual crisis degree" for four risk scenarios of the Tokyo Inland Earthquake. By improving the prototype model, in this study, the author proposes a qualitative crisis degree for human casualties from earthquake disasters that incorporated the social vulnerabilities, i.e., human losses caused by earthquake fires and tsunamis.

In order to reduce volcanic disasters, it is important for residents to practice mutual assistance, which can be led by a voluntary disaster reduction group. However, many communities lack the human resources for their future leaders. To address this issue, we created a framework of disaster imagination game to develop next-generation leaders. The effectiveness of the game was verified through workshops held in Fujiyoshida City. The framework allows residents to train independently by using a web application software.

In this study, I focus on the phenomenon that recipients of information understand that “a place is safe if it is not colored on the hazard map” and “there is no need to evacuate if there is no evacuation information”. We proposed a conceptual diagram to explain the mechanism by which risk information is understood by the receiver as safety information in spite of the intention of the sender of the information, using a theory of the ivnverse proposition of disaster information. The proposed conceptual diagram was applied to a hazard map and its effectiveness was discussed.

This study aims to clarify how Japanese people understand lessons learned from the Great East Japan Earthquake and how understanding the lessons influence their disaster preparedness. We conducted a questionnaire survey of Tohoku University MOOC participants. The results are summarized as follows. 1) “Don't put all your faith in hazard maps” is the best well-known lesson. Respondents understand lessons regarding tsunami hazard itself and evacuation shelter less than regarding tsunami evacuation. 2) In the group of those who have not experienced any disasters, those who have visited affected areas by the Great East Japan Earthquake understand more lessons learned than those who have not yet, and understanding the lessons learned is a significant predictor of disaster preparedness.

In this study, the sufficiency rate of the description of the shelter operation manual was evaluated in order to make a proposal that would contribute to the sophistication of the shelter operation manual. The sufficiency of the description of the shelter operation manual is influenced by the "population size of the municipality" and the "participation of the welfare department in the preparation. Regarding the "structure" and "items" of the manual, it is suggested that prefectural guidance will be involved. It was also revealed that the manual, which had the original regional features, was accompanied by the layout and layout of the facilities.

The objective of this paper is to clarify the actual use of the Great East Japan Earthquake archives and to contribute to the effective preservation and utilization of disaster records. In the areas affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, local governments, researchers, and the media have created disaster archives that are important for long-term preservation. On the other hand, the purposes and situations of the utilization of archives vary from one user to another, and the whole picture is still unknown. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted among local governments, school boards and social welfare councils about the actual use of archives. Based on the results, some conclusions about their characteristics and usage patterns were drawn through cross-tabulation. This indicates the importance of the use of the archives after the earthquake.

The role of support staff from outside has become important during large-scale disasters in recent years between local governments. In order to establish an effective support, this study approaches a support system in the initial period, (1) Analysis of the work contents of support staff, (2) Construction of evaluation criteria for the operational status of disaster response work, (3) Understand information items to be shared, (4) Necessary preparations for the mutual support, and (5) Skills required for support staff. This paper focus on the results of questionnaires to local governments nationwide.

In this paper, we discuss an evaluation experiment of the crime deterrent effect in hot spots patrol of the crime by the police. In recent years, a number of studies in foreign countries have argued that hot spots policing can be effective in reducing crime. However, the number of crimes and city environment are different from Japan and foreign countries.Our study attempted empirical experiments for crime deterrent in our country. First, examining crime prediction using retrospective crime data in Nagano prefecture, the hot spots were identified by crime prediction methods. Next, in order to assess the crime deterrent effect, we conducted hot spots patrol by the police. Finally, we detect statistically significant crime reduction in hot spots area.

Since the Kanto-Tohoku heavy rainfall in Joso City in September 2015, a necessity for evacuation beyond administrative border has been recognised. However, few regions have begun to make specific and highly feasible evacuation plans. In order to promote evacuation beyond administrative border measures, we identified effective areas for inter-municipal evacuation measures by quantitatively clarifying the effects of evacuation. And we analysed municipalities in the Kinu river basin that are at risk of damage from river flooding. We adopted static analysis method for evacuation behavior using GIS based on published maps of flooded areas.

In order to respond to various incidents at the time of a disaster, it is indispensable to take actions for disastermanagement throughout the agency under the proper command and coordination. For that purpose , the standardized organizational system for the emergency operations of local governments need to be established, although those systems are differed depending on local governments adopting various systems. In this paper, important factors of emergency operation systems, which are personnel organization and command and coordination function, of selected core cities are compared. Plans and operations of emergency operation systems of target local governments are compared and analyzed in terms of allocation of staffs and coordination between sections.

In recent years, the importance of community-based disaster risk reduction has been recognized in Japan, and many local governments and universities provide basic course education program for this purpose. However, there are no common vision of educated human resources and no assessment standard among them. Based on this, a rubric for basic course of community-based disaster risk reduction is developed. Through an assessment course, it is confirmed that difficulty level of this course is reasonable, and there are no large level differences among students attribute.

For effective disaster response, it is important to record and succeed past disaster lessons learned. In this study, a questionnaire survey for local governments affected by major earthquake disasters was conducted to understand their efforts and challenges on succession of the disaster response lessons to the next generation. As a result, although many affected local governments have organized and issued their lessons, there is a tendency that disaster prevention drills and training for staff have not been carried out mainly due to insufficient time to prepare for. It implies that affected local governments should utilize the existing disaster prevention drills and training, and drills and training for practical operations should be effective such as shelter management or issuance of disaster damage certificate.

Typhoon No. 15 in the first year of Reiwa caused great damage to Chiba Prefecture. In this disaster, damage to lifelines such as power outages, water outages, and interruptions in telephone and mobile phones were severe. Furthermore, since the temperature was high immediately after the disaster, there was concern about health damage to the elderly.Therefore, from the perspective of business continuity, it is important to deal with disasters that consider the health of the elderly. In this study, we conducted a mailing survey on the disaster situation and disaster response for the nursing homes in Chiba Prefecture. As a result, it was found that the health of the elderly was related to lifeline damage, evacuation status, and food provision status.

After an earthquake, early damage estimation of damaged buildings is important for Business Continuity Plan (BCP). Bayesian inference for damage probabilities using real time monitoring data is proposed. The parametric studies of the damage probability model are conducted. Considering an actual earthquake, the case of non-uniform distribution of monitoring structures at each seismic intensity is studied. Simulations using damage data due to historical earthquakes show the influence of the monitoring ratio on the reliability and damage level distribution. The applicability and consideration for uncertainty of damage probability of the proposed method are shown.

This paper aims to measure effectiveness of an educational board game as an exercise tool for disaster recovery at local level. The consecutive surveys were administrated for the participants of the Workshops three times: before playing the game, after the game, and two months later from the playing. The results show that：1) participants were highly motivated to share the game to others, 2) the game helped participants to understand individual and local recovery, and 3) the options for housing recovery were diversified after playing the game while some participants could not decide the best option of housing recovery due to the financial capability and uncertainty of disasters.

In this paper aims to consider support measures for each acceptance method. We tried to verify the relationship between acceptance method and (1) seismic intensity, (2) work that took a long time to perform , and (3) the coping method for the increased work. When the seismic intensity was 6+ or higher, 77.0% of the facilities responded to voluntary acceptance or shelter with additional assistance. When the facilities responded to voluntary acceptance or shelter with additional assistance, the particularly large amount of work were to secure and provide food. The acceptance system created by the emergency system of professional staff contributed to the smooth operation of the shelter. In case of voluntary acceptance, it was useful for the professional staff to carry out their duties by making good use of external human resources.

Based on lessons learned from the Kumamoto earthquake, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) discussed a scheme for dispatching local government officials to the affected areas and established a “system for securing staff to support municipalities in the affected areas”. The system was put into operation from the torrential rains of July 2018, but the process for providing on-site support has not been indicated at this time. When a disaster occurs on a scale that cannot be handled by local government resources alone, a rapid request for assistance and smooth acceptance of assistance are necessary. The purpose of this study is to develop a scale for evaluating the local government's ability to request support at the time of a disaster, and to identify common and individual differences in the disaster management process of ”the General Adviser for Disaster Management“ at the disaster management headquarters. A standardized disaster response process is also proposed based on the results.

This research aims to show the clarify the tsunami evacuation behavior when the Tohoku East Japan Earthquake occurred using multi‐variable analysis and text analysis. In this paper, I research about evacuation behavior from time series data considering people’s thinking. The research area is Hashikami area, Kesennuma city and this study is conducted as a case study. According the interview survey, In addition, I device the method of analyzing text data.From this study, I made the data-set of people’s thinking and evacuation behavior and conducted cluster analysis. From this research, I found that evacuation behavior in Hashikami area are divided by three pattern. In addition I found that new method for analyzing text data can be used in real.

In this study, we conducted a survey on the implementation of training in the disaster management departments of municipalities in Aichi Prefecture. Due to the shortage of human resources and time in the disaster management department, the implementation of training within the disaster management department and the dispatch of staff to training outside the prefecture tended to be limited. The expectations by municipal staff are as follows. In the training within the municipalitiy, it is expected that cooperation within the organization and establishment of a disaster response system. On the other hand, in training "outside" the municipality, it is expected that knowledge and skills such as regional issues at the time of a disaster, disaster legal system, disaster mechanism, etc.

In the past large-scale disaster, inefficient disaster response occurred due to lack of human resource management on local government. This is because there is no simulation method of human resource allocation against necessary work volume and it is difficult to examine human resource management before and after disaster occurs. Based on the background, this paper proposes novel method for simulating human resource management for optimal allocation by estimating finishing date of disaster response and necessary volume of receiving manpower from outside. In addition, we simulated the human allocation on disaster response and validated efficiency of the proposed method.

After reviewing data from the pre-post competency test, “table-top exercise of disaster management” conducted by DRI did not show the ability improvement of participants. Considering the issue， we set up study group with municipal government officials (who had experienced disaster management) to improve new types of exercises. In this study， we introduced the development process of newly designed exercises and tested the efficiency of exercises with the instrument named Disaster Response Competency Profile Indices.

Food is one of the important living bases, and a stable supply is required from the viewpoint of social welfare. If the agricultural production infrastructure is severely damaged, or the distribution system fails, by a shock such as a disaster, it could have various negative effects on various places. In order to consider effective countermeasures, it is important to know, for a shock occurred somewhere, how much inter-regional flow of foods changes through the supply chain, and how the changes can affect regions. In this research, an inter-regional flow estimation model is constructed under the assumption that supply of agricultural products decreases due to some exogenous shock, and we carry out a case study to find characteristics of inter-regional flow changes.

U.S. force's disaster relief operation in the Great East Japan Earthquake was named Operation Tomodachi. The Operation is considered as model of military mutual cooperation for disaster relief between Japan and U.S.. Therefore, this paper tries to examine Operation Tomodachi and clarify the lessons and issues of Japan-U.S. disaster relief cooperation in case of future huge disaster such as the Great Nankai Trough Earthquake. In conclusion of this paper, establishing communication-line, effective use of U.S. Force's unique capability and assets, and multilateral cooperation between the U.S. forces, the Self-Defense Forces and other Japanese actors especially local authorities are importante for imploving Japan-U.S. disaster relief cooperation.

The purpose of this research is the following two. 1) By analyzing the panel data of 4 waves in Natori city using a fixed effect model, the confounding factors that do not change with time are removed, and the effect of the seven elements of life reconstruction on the feeling of life reconstruction is examined more precisely. 2) Then, by examining the interaction between each of the seven elements of life reconstruction and time, we examine the temporal importance of each element. The sample consists of all households of survivors in Natori City, Miyagi Prefecture. Panel data at four points in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017 are used. As a result of analysis using the fixed-effect model, the importance of the sense of recovery of the lives of the doctors, jobs, and housing, which was revealed in the recovery study after the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, was reconfirmed. We also clarified the difference in the temporal importance of each element.

This study analyzed the possibility quantitatively and qualitatively based on the use of parking lots of private facilities as new disaster prevention resources in the area other than designated shelters for public facilities, which are already marginal, with the aim of increasing the capacity of accommodative Capacities to improve disaster response. The results obtained from this study are described below. ① When using the Pachinko parking lot, it is possible to increase the capacity of large capacity and thus to improve the disaster response capability of the region. In addition, the increase and dispersion of the accommodation space can improve the poor environment of existing shelters. ② Privacy can be secured through in-vehicle accommodation using the Pachinko parking lot and the possibility of providing a good evacuation environment through various service facilities has been confirmed.

This study aims to investigate how pre-disaster household social vulnerability affect long-term housing recovery after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. This study used Natori City data (N=936) consisted of the 2015 Natori City Life Recovery Population Survey Data and the entire record of temporary housing residency in Natori City. The result shows that household vulnerabilities such as family size, pre-disaster job, pre-disaster home ownership, gender and their interaction terms affect speed of permanent housing recovery. Finally, the application of results to disaster case management and recovery planning is discussed.

Purpose of this paper is to propose a method of operating a logistics facility to provide relief supplies to victims. We investigated the case of a material base that operated both as a regional base and a wide-area base in the area affected by the heavy rain in 2019.The results of the interview survey with the related organizations and the analysis of the storage data showed that this method was useful. And we showed the division of roles of the related organizations and work methods as necessary conditions.In addition, we proposed improvements for adoption in other areas.