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Volume 25 (1981)
- Issue 4 Pages 213-
- Issue 3 Pages 141-
- Issue 2 Pages 63-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 25, Issue 3
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Koji HAYASHI, Juro KOYAMA1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 141-149
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe external and internal morphological characters of the adult melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae COQUILLETT, were examined after irradiation of the pupae with gamma rays at a dose of about 7kR. In the irradiated flies, the melanization process in the head and abdomen was weakened and the yellow spots on the thorax became pale. These changes were more prominent in the flies irradiated at a younger pupal age. The testicular and ovarian development was almost interrupted while that of the spermatheca was delayed in irradiated flies. However, there was no change in the development of the accessory gland in irradiated females. When dead and dried flies were dipped in hot water for several minutes, the testes of irradiated males could be morphologically differentiated from those of non-irradiated ones. These differences between characteristics of irradiated and non-irradiated flies will be useful for differentiating the irradiated and released melon flies from the wild ones in the field.View full abstractDownload PDF (2027K) -
Tadashi MIYATA, Tetsuo SAITO, Saburo FUKAMACHI, Keizi KIRITANI, Sachio ...1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 150-155
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGreen rice leafhoppers, Nephotettix cincticeps UHLER, were collected from various parts of Japan to study the relation between insecticide resistance and aliesterase activity. In vitro degradation of 14C-labelled insecticides and anticholinesterase activity of acetylcholinesterase were also studied to determine their contribution to insecticide resistance in the green rice leafhopper. (1) There was a good correlation between high aliesterase activity and organophosphorus insecticide resistance among the green rice leafhopper strains tested. However, such a correlation was not observed for carbamate resistance among green rice leafhoppers. (2) Major resistance factors involved in malathion resistant green rice leafhoppers were the increased malathion degrading carboxylesterase activity and reduced sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to malaoxon. The degree to which these factors played a role in the resistance varied with the strains. (3) GSHS-transferase was thought to be involved in fenitrothion resistance in the green rice leafhopper. As regards carbamate resistance, the main resistance factor was found to be the reduced sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to carbamates rather than the metabolism of carbamates.View full abstractDownload PDF (773K) -
Kisaku AKUTSU, Mikio KUBOKI1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 156-161
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe bionomics of the white striped longicorn beetle, Batocera lineolata CHEVROLAT was studied from May to July of 1980 at a coppice consisting mainly of Quercus serrata THUMB., located in Kodaira City, Tokyo. Adult emergence occurred between late May and early June. The average number of adults emerging from a tree was 1 to 2. The behavior of the adults was observed by marking them individually. Newly emerged adults remained on the shoots of the crown. They fed on the bark of the current-year old twig. Mating did not occur until they matured after a certain period of feeding. The mature adults did not always stay on the crown. They left after sunset, mainly between 7:30 and 9:00 P.M., and crawled downward to the foot of the trunk. At daybreak, they began to return to the crown. Mating and oviposition took place during the night. Male adults lay in ambush on the trunk and, when female adults came nearby, copulated with them. Copulation was soon followed by oviposition. Males watched the females in a position of amplexus during the oviposition, which suggested that repeated copulation took place. Females cut the bark with their mandible, inserted their ovipositor into the soft tissue under the bark and deposited their eggs. After oviposition, they sometimes filled the holes made by their apex abdominis with wood dust. The dispersal of mature adults in the tree was determined by the mark-and-recapture method. Male adults dispersed farther and more frequently than female adults. In many instances the same pairs of female and male adults remained on the same tree for several days.View full abstractDownload PDF (2116K) -
II. Seasonal Polymorphism of Adults Controlled by PhotoperiodHiroyuki NARUSE1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 162-169
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe summer form adults of L. clerkella, having light color and mature ovaries, emerge in the field from spring to summer, while the autumnal form adults with dark color and immature ovaries are observed after late September or early October. Laboratory rearing under different day lengths elucidated that the seasonal polymorphism is controlled by photoperiod, short day length resulting in autumnal form with adult diapause. Developmental period was shorter in summer form than in autumnal one, the difference being attributed to that in pupal period. The relative length of forewing to head width was longer in autumnal form, though there was no distinct difference in body size between both the forms. All larval stages were more or less responsive to day length, but for actual emergence of diapausing adults in the field, the larvae must be subject to short day condition from first inster. The observed relationships between day length and proportion of diapausing autumnal form adults indicated the critical day length to be 13 hours at 20°C and 12.5 hours at 25°C. The significance of this seasonal polymorphism in the life cycle of L. clerkella was discussed on the basis of photothermograph for this district.View full abstractDownload PDF (1035K) -
Hiroshi NOGUCHI, Yoshio TAMAKI, Shigeru ARAI, Michiko SHIMODA, Iwao IS ...1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 170-175
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSField trappings were conducted in using a three-component synthetic sex pheromone consisting of (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14Ac), (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetate (Z9-12Ac), and 11-dodecenyl acetate (11-12Ac) to develop a potent attractant lure for males of the oriental tea tortrix moth, Homona magnanima DIAKONOFF. Persistency of attractiveness on three kinds of dispensers such as chopped cotton rope, plastic capsule, and rubber septum was 2 days, 2 weeks, and 1 month, respectively. Addition of E-isomers of the pheromone components at a dose of less than 10% did not affect the attractiveness. Optimum ratio of the two minor components, Z9/12Ac and 11-12Ac, coincided with their natural ratio, 3 to 1. But the optimum ratio of the major component, Z11-14Ac, was twice that of the natural ratio. Based on these results, a 60:3:1 blend of Z11-14Ac, Z9-12Ac, and 11-12Ac loaded on a rubber septum (3.2mg in total) was recommended as an attractant lure for males of the oriental tea tortrix moth.View full abstractDownload PDF (750K) -
Rikio SATO, Kaoru YAGINUMA, Kazuhiko KANNO, Masaaki KUMAKURA1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 176-181
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of sex lures of different insect species on trap catch of the peach fruit moth (Carposina niponensis WALSINGHAM), the oriental fruit moth (Grapholitha molesta BUSCK), the cherry tree borer (Synanthedon hector BUTLER) and the Asiatic leafroller (Archippus breviplicanus WALSINGHAM) were analysed when these sex lures were simultaneously used in one trap. The attractiveness of the sex lure of C. niponensis was not affected by the lures of G. molesta, S. hector and A. breviplicanus. While that of G. molesta was not affected by the lures of C. niponensis and S. hector, but was markedly inhibited by the lures of A. breviplicanus and the summerfruit tortrix moth (Adoxophyes orana fasciata). A. breviplicanus was not affected by the lures of C. niponensis, G. molesta and S. hector, but the trap catches were markedly decreased when the lure of A. orana fasciata was used. S. hector was slightly affected by the lures of G. molesta and A. orana fasciata, and remarkably affected by the combination of four lures such as those of C. niponensis, G. molesta, A. breviplicanus and A. orana fasciata. Seasonal trends for trap catches of C. niponensis, G. molesta and A. breviplicanus were not affected by the simultaneous use of lures of G. molesta, C. niponensis and S. hector in each trap.View full abstractDownload PDF (730K) -
I. Acaricidal Properties and Control Effectiveness against the Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae KOCH and the Citrus Red Mite, Panonychus citri (MCGREGOR)Shinjiro YAMAMOTO, Akira NISHIDA, Atsushi AOKI1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 182-190
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeveral preparations of “milbemycins” obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. aureolacrimosus were evaluated for their acaricidal effect. 1. Three fractions, A3⋅A4, B2⋅B3, and C1⋅C2 mixtures, were highly effective against all the stages of the two-spotted spider mite and the motile stage of the citrus red mite in the laboratory. Young eggs of the citrus red mite, however, were much less sensitive to these fractions as well as to the other fractions. 2. The effect of a crude preparation of milbemycins, the brown oily mixture (BOM), seemed to exert the some effect as that of all fractions contained. 3. Sublethal doses of the effective fractions and of BOM caused anesthesia in adult mites from which they recovered later. 4. BOM was easily decomposed by sun light, and its residual effect was unstable on cowpea leaves even under dark conditions. 5. BOM and petroleum oil showed a remarkable degree of synergistic activity against the eggs of the citrus red mite in the laboratory. 6. The diluent of a single EC formulation containing both BOM (0.02%) and petroleum oil (0.2%) as active ingredients was remarkably effective in controlling field populations of the citrus red mite when sprayed in mandarin orange orchards. Moreover, populations of the two-spotted spider mite on kidney bean plants in a green house were also well controlled by EC formulation containing only BOM.View full abstractDownload PDF (1058K) -
Chisato HIRANO1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 191-193
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFollowing application of 3% diazinon granules to a paddy field (3.15 hectares) at a rate of 30kg per hectare, diazinon concentrations in water of the field and of a drainage canal by the field were measured. Maximum concentrations (250-500ppb) in the paddy field water resulted 1-2 days after the application. The concentration rapidly decreased during first 10 days (half life: 1.2 days), and then decreased slowly (half life: 8.4 days). The concentration in the drainage canal water reached a peak of 4.7ppb 3 days after the application then decreased gradually to about 0.5ppb 32 days after the application. The slow process of disappearance from the drainage canal water seemed to account for the frequent diazinon contaminations observed in several aquatic environments.View full abstractDownload PDF (389K) -
Yoshio TAKIGUCHI1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 194-195
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (821K) -
3. Simple Testing Method Using NonpreferenceYukio ANDO, Ken-ichi KISHINO1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 196-197
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (297K) -
Kenji KOYAMA, Jun MITSUHASHI, Socho NASU1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 198-200
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe planthopper, Sogatella longifurcifera, could be reared on chemically defined diets, MED-1, MED-4 and MMD-1, from the 1st instar to the adult stage. The larval period was prolonged, while the survivorship was higher on synthetic diet compared with the control fed on rice seedlings.View full abstractDownload PDF (330K) -
Ren ISHIHARA, Shinsuke KAWAI1981 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 200-202
Published: August 25, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe azalea lace bug, Stephanitis pyrioides preferred to feed on the lower surface of the leaves of azalea and its stylets reached the palisade parenchyma tissues which are closer to the underside of the upper surface of the leaves. The stylets were always inserted through the stomata which were found on the lower aspect only. It is assumed that the selection of the feeding site by the insect is related to the stomata distribution on the azalea leaves.View full abstractDownload PDF (1389K)
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