All issues
Volume 30 (1986)
- Issue 4 Pages 219-
- Issue 3 Pages 167-
- Issue 2 Pages 81-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 30, Issue 1
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Yasushi NAKAI, Yoshitaka TSUBAKI1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGerman cockroach, Blattella germanica nymphs reared in groups develop faster than those reared in isolation (aggregation effect). To determine the factors responsible for this phenomenon, seven rearing experiments (sets 1-7) were carried out. In each set, the nymphal developmental period was compared between nymphs reared in isolation and in groups. In sets 1-4, the frequency of removal of faeces from the rearing containers was modified among the experimental sets to determine the effect of the presence of faeces on the developmental rate. However, the difference in the developmental rate between the nymphs reared in isolation and in groups did not change proportionally to the intensity of removal of faeces. In sets 5 and 6, nymphs were reared with a much lower frequency of observations than in other sets to determine the effects of physical stimuli (contact with surroundings or shock) associated with the disturbance caused by observers on the developmental rate. The difference in the developmental rate between the individuals reared in isolation and in groups was greater in sets 5 and 6 than in sets 1-4. In set 7, nymphs were reared individually with or without olfactory stimuli supplied by other individuals. The developmental rate of the nymphs subjected to the stimuli was higher than that of nymphs not subjected to the stimuli. Both the physical and olfactory stimuli are considered to be important factors for the acceleration of the development of nymphs reared in groups.View full abstractDownload PDF (722K) -
X. Differences in Population Growth on Various CropsAkira KAWAI1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 7-11
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe differences in the population growth of Thrips palmi KARNY on various fruit vegetable crops (cucumber, melon, pumpkin, balsam pear, eggplant, sweet pepper, tomato, kidney bean, okra and strawberry) and chrysanthemum were examined in rearing experiments. The survival rates of the larval and pupal stages fed on cucumber, kidney bean, eggplant and balsam pear were high, whereas the survival rates of those fed on okra and chrysanthemum were low. The larvae fed on tomato and strawberry were unable to pupate. Duration of the larval and pupal stages fed on chrysanthemum and okra was longer than the duration of those fed on other crops. The longevity of the adults fed on cucumber, pumpkin, eggplant and kidney bean was increased, whereas the longevity of those fed on chrysanthemum, tomato and strawberry was decreased. The fecundity of female adults fed on cucumber was maximum and the value was 60, while the fecundity of those fed on melon, eggplant and pumpkin amounted to 20. The differences in the generation time were not significant between crops, unlike the differences in the net reproductive rate. The intrinsic rate of natural increase of T. palmi fed on cucumber was maximum and the value was 0.134, while that of T. palmi fed on melon, eggplant and pumpkin ranged from 0.08 to 0.11.View full abstractDownload PDF (597K) -
XI. Analysis of Damage to CucumberAkira KAWAI1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 12-16
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the relationship between the density of Thrips palmi and the injury to cucumber cultivated in vinyl-house, a vinyl-house was divided into 4 plots and different numbers of T. palmi were released in each plot. The differences in the density level of T. palmi could be maintained during the harvest period in each plot. The growth of the cucumber plant was retarded in the highly infested plot. The number of larvae was positively correlated to the number of adults. Negative correlations were found between the number of adults and the yield of total and uninjured fruits, while a positive correlation was observed between the number of adults and the percentage of injured fruits. The tolerable pest densities were estimated at 5.3 and 10.6 adults per leaf for the total fruit yield assuming that the permissible level of yield loss was 5 and 10 percent of the maximum yield, respectively, while densities were estimated at 4.4 and 8.8 adults per leaf for uninjured fruit yield.View full abstractDownload PDF (624K) -
Shigeru TAKAHASHI1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 17-20
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLimited outbreak of the Asiatic locust occurred in a pasture of Minaminasu-machi Tochigi Pref. in 1978. Population density of the locusts in the outbreak area was higher than in any other places in Tochigi Pref. But biometric studies showed that the general appearance of the adults collected from the outbreak area was almost similar to that of solitary adults from Utsunomiya near Minaminasu. A small scale mass-flight and group oviposition were observed in the field of outbreak area, and the feeding habits changed to polyphagous ones. It was considered that the locusts in the outbreak area were in the initial stage of the phase transformation. No outbreak was observed in the next year.View full abstractDownload PDF (1037K) -
Kouichi INOUE, Wataru ASHIHARA, Masahiro OSAKABE1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 21-26
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNear the natural temperature in summer or under more extreme temperature conditions, the intrinsic rates of natural increase (rm) of the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (MCGREGOR), were remarkably high and ranged from 0.207 to 0.277. Under daily fluctuations of the temperature within the range of 27°C (16hr)-36°C (8hr) in a day, the survival rate of P. citri was the lowest among the various temperature conditions. This phenomenon was ascribed to the low level of hatchability of the eggs (about 70%), and the decrease in the longevity of the adult females. But, there was no significant difference in the number of eggs laid per day between conditions characterized by daily fluctuations of temperature within the range of 27°C (16hr)-36°C (8hr) and the constant temperature of 25°C. Under the extreme temperature condition of 37°C for 6hr in a day, a large number of eggs were laid. These results showed that high temperature conditions as those prevailing in mid-summer did not inhibit the reproduction of P. citri.View full abstractDownload PDF (721K) -
Tomohiro HORIKAWA, Choji SHIRATORI, Takao SUZUKI, Kazushige SONE, Masa ...1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 27-34
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSake-lees bait composed of sake lees, distilled spirits and water was attractive for both the females and males of the smaller tea tortrix moth (Adoxophyes sp.) and tea tortrix moth (Homona magnanima DIAKONOFF) in the communication disruption tea field with a common sex pheromone component (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate and in the non-treated tea field. The attractiveness of sake for the two species was not significantly different from that of sake-lees, but distilled spirits, ethyl alcohol and water were did not attract two species. Most of the females of the smaller tea tortrix moth were trapped from 19:00 to 20:00 and the males from 2:00 to 5:00 in the sake-lees trap. The trapping time of the smaller tea tortrix male by a pheromone trap was mainly from 23:00 to 4:00 in the same field. The sex ratio of the two species captured in the sake-lees trap in the tea fields changed with the trapping methods, the seasons and the fields. The percentage of mating of the female moths of both species caught in the sake-lees trap consistently exceeded 95% in the non-treated field as well as in the disruption field. In the disruption field, however, the mating rate of females of both species directly collected in the field was lower than in the non-treated field. It is suggested that mated females are more sensitive to the sake-lees bait than unmated females in both species. Most of the females of both species which were attracted to the sake-lees trap produced a large amount of eggs.View full abstractDownload PDF (925K) -
Yoshio WAKU, Masahiro KITAGAWA1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 35-42
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe scales of the cabbage butterfly have characteristic granules which presumably contain pteridine pigments. Electron microscopic observation revealed that rudimentary granules appeared on the 4th day of adult development, as minute accumulations of electron-dense fibrous substances (ca. 10nm in thickness and ca. 200nm in length) in the scale-forming projections of the trichogen cells. The occurrence of these granules was restricted to the scale projections only and they did not appear in the main cell bodies of the trichogen cells, tormogen cells and general hypodermal cells. On day 5, the content, size and number of the granules increased considerably and the granules completed their development, without showing limiting membranes and developmental ‘cores, ’ suggesting that they were not formed through the activities of the cytoplasmic membrane system. On day 6, cytoplasmic degeneration in the scale projections occurred and the granules remained in situ adhering to the scale cuticle even after the completion of scale formation on day 7.View full abstractDownload PDF (5521K) -
Mitsumaru INAIZUMI1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 43-49
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSApterous and alate viviparous female larvae and adults lived in the winter season in the same manner as in the summer season, but few alate viviparous female adults were alive in February and March, the coldest months of the year. The ratio of young larvae was high in February, while that of middle and mature larvae was high in March. Adults in the winter season were covered with white wax. Appendages such as antennae, cornicles, caudae, femora and tibiae were small and the shape of the abdomen was almost spherical. These features were conspicuous in the adults in February. This species went through almost two generations from December to March in the winter season in Utsunomiya City. The apterous viviparous female adults that lived in the field during this term seemed to have been born in the period from the beginning of November to the middle of December and matured from late November to the end of January. In the years when the temperatures in February and March were lower than normal, larval mortalities in the second and third generations were high, which affected the further increase of this species as suggested from the evaluation of the rearing results of two winter seasons in 1983 and 1984.View full abstractDownload PDF (1442K) -
Takayoshi SANUI, Junichi YUKAWA1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 50-54
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA gall midge which attacks the mycelium of “Hiratake, ” the oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, was recently found in Miyazaki Prefecture, and was identified as a paedogenetic species of the genus Mycophila, which is new to Japan. Although this species is quite small in size (wing length about 0.9mm), the ovarian eggs are relatively large (major axis 0.25mm) and few (4-6) in number. Larvae exhibited variations in body length and colour, and in the presence or absence of the sternal spatula. The time required to complete one paedogenetic cycle was 4-5 days at 25°C. The number of young larvae produced by a mother larva varied from 2 to 33, depending on the different breeding conditions. The reproduction rate of larval paedogenesis was highest at 27°C, followed by 22°C and 17°C, and very low at 12°C. The larvae also reproduced well by feeding on mycelia of other fungus species than P. ostreatus, such as “Kikurage, ” Auricularia auriculajudae, “Nameko, ” Pholiota nameko, and mushroom, Agaricus bisporus. This indicates that the gall midge has a potentiality to become a pest of various edible fungi in Japan. The midge population which was first found in Miyazaki Prefecture has been completely eradicated from the factory by spraying an insecticide.View full abstractDownload PDF (1401K) -
Hideo UEMATSU1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 55-57
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen jumping on the dorsum of the host, the parasitoid wasp immediately thrusts her ovipositor into the host. This preovipositional stinging which usually lasts 10-100sec has two objectives, i.e., 1) to paralyse the host temporarily during ovipostion, 2) to arrest host molting or pupation after a period of feeding.View full abstractDownload PDF (921K) -
Hans MORI, Tetsuo GOTOH1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 57-59
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSusceptibilities to five chemicals on two different strains of Phytoseiulus persimilis were compared. One was introduced from University of California, Riverside (UCR, susceptible), the other from “Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Institut für biologische Schädlingsbekampfung” Darmstadt, Federal Republic of Germany, in 1984 through the kindness of Dr. Sherif A. HASSAN (DAS, resistant). Susceptibilities to fenitrothion, carbaryl and chinomethionat were low in the DSA strain. However, susceptibility to acephate was the same and that to permethrin was very high in both strains.View full abstractDownload PDF (342K) -
I. Geographical Distribution in JapanRyoh-ichi OHGUSHI1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 59-62
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Keiichi TAKAHASHI1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 62-64
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1227K) -
IV. Effect of Adult Body Size on Easiness of Escaping from the Bottom of Piled SeedsNaoshi WATANABE1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 64-66
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1379K) -
Hiroaki NODA, Minoru MIYAZAKI, Hiroshi HASHIMOTO1986 Volume 30 Issue 1 Pages 66-68
Published: February 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany leaves of rice plant floated on water in paddy fields early in June. This damage was observed in both direct sowing and transplanting fields. The damage was ascribed to feeding of chironomid larvae, because many larvae were found in the water and on the floated leaves, and a similar damage was recognized by releasing the larvae on rice seedlings. Cricotopus trifasciatus was the main species.View full abstractDownload PDF (1662K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|