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Volume 33 (1989)
- Issue 4 Pages 175-
- Issue 3 Pages 115-
- Issue 2 Pages 47-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 33, Issue 1
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Development of Monochamus alternatus HOPE (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Relation to Oviposition TimeKatsumi TOGASHI1989 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
Published: February 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMonochamus alternatus requires 1 or 2 years to complete a life cycle. The development was investigated using the populations produced in Pinus densiflora logs by caged adult populations at different times from June to September. Many individuals produced in June and July became 4th instar larvae in pupal chambers by November, and then pupated without resuming feeding in June of the following year and emerged. The populations produced in August developed into 3rd (60-70%) or 4th (30-40%) instar larvae in November, thirty to fifty percent of which formed pupal chambers. In the next spring ten to forty percent of the larvae resumed feeding, and more than ninety percent of the larvae pupated and emerged. The populations produced in September developed into 1st to 3rd instar larvae in November, many of which were under the bark, and resumed feeding in the next spring. By September of the next year after oviposition sixty percent of the larvae developed into adults in a seashore pine stand while six percent in a pine stand at an elevation of 140m. Remaining larvae would overwinter once more. Such individuals overwintered as 1st or 2nd instar larvae, developed into the 3rd or 4th instar larvae in the next year, overwintered again, and emerged as adults 2 years after oviposition. A hypothesis was presented on the regulatory mechanism of M. alternatus life cycle.View full abstractDownload PDF (972K) -
Fujiyoshi MATSUBARA, Tsuguo MATSUMOTO, Morio OHNISHI, Shoukyu ISHIKO, ...1989 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 9-11
Published: February 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSilkworm larvae were reared on an artificial diet given once during the 1st to 3rd instars and on mulberry leaves subsequently. The rearing of the larvae was carried out 5 times from spring to late autumn in a year. Resistance to viral infection in these larvae was compared with that of larvae which were reared on an artificial diet given twice and which were exposed to a low temperature (5°C for 24hr) and treated with oral administration of nuclear polyhedrosis virus. When the 5th instar larvae were exposed to a low temperature in each rearing season, the induction of nuclear polyhedrosis was observed in 12.25% of the larvae fed once and twice. When nuclear polyhedra were given orally to the larvae, -logLD50 (polyhedra/larvae) was estimated at 1.7-2.0 and 1.6-1.9 in the larvae fed once and twice, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (434K) -
Kazuo NOZATO1989 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 12-16
Published: February 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe teneral preflight period and its individual variations in Aphis gossypii were studied in the laboratory. The duration of the teneral preflight period decreased with the increase of temperature in the range from 12°C to 28°C. The threshold temperature for development relating to take-off that was estimated by regression was 10.47°C. There were indivual variations in the teneral preflight period of the alatae. The individual variations did not appear to depend on the longevity, forewing length and body size, but were related to the degree of ovarian development of the alatae.View full abstractDownload PDF (622K) -
Toshitsugu OKADA1989 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 17-23
Published: February 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEggs, larvae and cocoons of Plutella xylostella (L.) as well as cocoons of its larval parasitoids were collected weekly from April to November in 1987 in cabbage fields which were planted in succession in Ano, Mie Pref., Japan and had not received any pesticide treatment. They were reared in the laboratory to observe the emergence of their parasitoids. Seven species of primary parasitoids and seven species of hyperparasitoids were recorded. The primary parasitoids included an egg parasitoid, Trichogramma chilonis; three larval parasitoids, Apanteles plutellae, Meteorus pulchricornis and Diadegma sp.; two pupal parasitoids, Diadromus collaris and Brachymeria excarinata; and a larval-pupal parasitoid, Tetrastichus sokolowskii. M. pulchricornis was recorded for the first time in Japan as a primary parasitoid of P. xylostella. The main primary parasitoids were T. chilonis, A. plutellae, D. collaris and T. sokolowskii, by which the percentage parasitism of P. xylostella averaged 11.9, 14.9, 37.1 and 12.0, respectively, over the study period. Seven hyperparasitoids were recorded, i.e., Trichomalopsis sp. A, Trichomalopsis sp. B and Habrocytus phycidis parasitic on A. plutellae and D. collaris; Eurytoma sp. parasitic on A. plutellae and Diadegma sp.; an undetermined ceraphronid and T. sokolowskii parasitic on A. plutellae; B. excarinata parasitic on Diadegma sp. Among them T. sokolowskii and B. excarinata were facultative hyperparasitoids of P. xylostella. The percentage parasitism by hyperparasitoids was low, reaching a maximum value of 14.8% and 13.3% for the cocoons of A. plutellae and Diadegma sp., respectively which were collected from June and August.View full abstractDownload PDF (791K) -
6. Hibernation and Development of Haplogonatopus atratus ESAKI et HASHIMOTO (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae) on Overwintering Leaf- and Planthoppers (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha)Kenji KITAMURA1989 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 24-30
Published: February 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe instar of larvae, percentage parasitism and development of H. atratus on overwintering leaf- and planthoppers were investigated in paddy fields and ridges between paddy fields in Matsue City, Shimane Prefecture in 1982, 1983, 1985 and 1986. H. atratus hibernated in the body of overwintering nymphs of Laodelphax striatellus and Unkanodes albifascia. Although the number of hosts parasitized by H. atratus decreased rapidly after December, the percentage parasitism by the wasp was constant during the winter. However, the percentage parasitism in spring ranged from 9.3 to 34.4%. Most of the overwintering H. atratus were 1st instar larvae. They started leaving their sacs on hosts in mid- or late April. The time when they abandoned the sacs depended on the temperature in spring. The adults of H. atratus emerged about 3 weeks after leaving their host. The largest number of adults of H. atratus emerged by 6:00-9:00a.m. in the morning. Sex ratio of overwintering adults of H. atratus was slightly biased to females.View full abstractDownload PDF (890K) -
Sadao WAKAMURA1989 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 31-33
Published: February 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMating behavior of Spodoptera exigua was observed under both laboratory and field conditions. In the laboratory (25°C, 14L-10D), mating started 5-7hr after lightoff and continued for 40-55min while in the field (average night temperature 26.2°C, sunset 18:23, sunrise 5:46 on Sept. 10, 1987), it began 5.5-8.5hr after sunset. Mating time advanced with age in both sexes. Duration of mating tended to decrease in the pairs mated late in the night. Some of the tethered females (7%) copulated twice with different males during one night.View full abstractDownload PDF (390K) -
II. Occurrence of Rhopalosiphum maidis (FITCH) in FieldsOsamu SETOKUCHI1989 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 33-35
Published: February 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (331K) -
Chie GOTO, Hitoshi TSUTSUI1989 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 35-38
Published: February 25, 1989
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEpizootic of a fungal disease was recognized in Lepidopterous pests of Alfalfa, such as Xestia c-nigrum L., Autographa gamma L., Heliothis maritima GRASLIN, Mamestra brassicae L., Sarcopolia illoba BUTLER and Colias erate poliographus MOTSCHULSKY, in Tokachi, Hokkaido. The pathogen was identified as Entomophaga aulicae.View full abstractDownload PDF (2195K)
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