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Volume 38 (1994)
- Issue 4 Pages 219-
- Issue 3 Pages 141-
- Issue 2 Pages 65-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 38, Issue 4
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Juro KOYAMA1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 219-229
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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A Close Examination of ROFF's TheoryKenji FUJISAKI1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 231-244
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2009
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Akira TANAHARA, Shigemoto KIRIHARA, Hiroyuki KAKINOHANA1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 245-250
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the effect of chilling on mass-reared melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae COQ., groups of adult flies were exposed to 3, 0.5, -2.2 and -3.5°C for 6, 12, 24 and 48h. The recovery and longevity of adult chilled for less than 24h at about 0.5°C was not adversely affected. A special container for chilled flies, which was able to keep the temperature below 10°C for 4h, was designed for their long-distance transport. The longevities of flies using aerial distribution by helicopter and hand release on the ground using the chilled transport container were compared with direct release from an emergence box without chilling at Miyagi Island in Okinawa Prefecture. There were no significant differences in longevity between the three release methods.View full abstractDownload PDF (703K) -
Tatsuya KATO, Hiroshi AMANO, Norizumi SHINKAJI1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 251-254
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe population dynamics of two species of bulb mites, Rhizoglyphus robini CLAPARÈDE and Caloglyphus sp., were studied on potted rakkyo bulbs. The experimental conditions included the initial number of mites and the effect of the other species on the same bulb. When each mite species was applied separately, they showed a higher population increase than when applied as a mixed population, suggesting some interspecific interaction. Calogyphus sp. showed a higher rate of population growth than R. robini, when relatively small numbers of mites were released initially. This relationship was reversed when higher numbers of mites were released initially. Both species expanded their habitat towards the bulb center with time. When both species were applied on the same bulb, R. robini tended to distribute around the bulb center and Caloglyphus sp. stayed in the outside layers.View full abstractDownload PDF (483K) -
Kôjirô ESAKI1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 255-259
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe larva of Cryptalaus berus (CANDÈZE) is believed to be a predator of the Japanese pine sawyer, Monochamus alternatus HOPE. The habitat and growth of this larva was studied to determine its roles and characteristic as a predator. C. berus was not found to prey on M. alternatus due to difference between their main habitats. The larval development and growth of the species was species specific.View full abstractDownload PDF (603K) -
Kenkichi KANMIYA1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 261-273
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA thread tethered flight method was developed to analyze insect flight behaviour using straingauge transducers. A moth was tethered by a thread attached to a thin cantilever of phosphorbronze fitted with two strain-gauges. The moth could fly and maneuver within the length of the thread. To record the flight propensity and intensity, a sensor plate was placed horizontally to detect vertical flight movements. The outputs from the sensors were connected to a data analysis system which collected data and automatically integrated and calculated the flight propensity, flight interruption, and peak flight intensity. To record flight direction and pattern, two sensor plates were crossed at right angles and suspended vertically. The unit could detect both back and forth, and right and left movements; both outputs were recorded simultaneously as oscillographic and synthesized resurgent figures. This system made it possible to quantify the response and turning of the flying moth when exposed to stimuli. The results are represented in three dimensions (flight power, flight direction, and temporal progress).View full abstractDownload PDF (3932K) -
III. Quantitative Evaluation of Vegetative Growth of Rice Plants Infested with White-Backed Planthopper, Sogatella furcifera HORVÁTH (Homoptera: Delphacidae)Tomonari WATANABE, Kazushige SOGAWA1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 275-281
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of feeding by the white-backed planthopper (WBPH) nymphs were assessed by infesting rice plants in a pot with 0 to 200 nymphs per plant. Rice plants at the active tillering and panicle initiation stages were used. WBPH were allowed to feed during the nymphal period and were removed after 11-12 days. The dry weight of the insect, leaf area, and shoot dry weight as well as the photosynthetic rate and leaf color index were decreased by feeding of the nymphs. The proportion of bracypterous females and the dry weight of individual bracypterous females decreased with increasing WBPH density at the active tillering stage. However, at the panicle initiation stage the proportion of bracypterous female was low regardless of the density. The leaf weight ratio and leaf allocation ratio increased with increasing infestation. A linear relationship was observed between the total dry weight of WBPH and loss of shoot dry weight. WBPH nymph feeding reduced the shoot dry weight by about 400% more than the total dry matter removed by insect feeding. WBPH feeding had a direct effect on biomass production by removing phloem sap, and an indirect effect by reducing the photosynthetic rate and other physiological processes.View full abstractDownload PDF (824K) -
Akira KONDO, Fukusaburo TANAKA1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 283-287
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn a region with low population densities of the rice stem borer moth, Chilo suppressalis, small differences were observed both in pheromone trap catches and in damage to rice plants, suggesting that one trap per ca. 100ha might be a practical trap density for population monitoring. In a local high-population-density region, part of which included peach orchards where rice plant stems used for mulching were thought to provide hibernating sites for C. suppressalis, the pheromone trap catches and damage to rice plants differed with the distance from the peach orchard. In this type of region, traps should be placed within 100m of hibernating sites such as peach orchards.View full abstractDownload PDF (525K) -
Growth and Development under Rearing Using Artificial DietsMasami SHIMODA, Hidemi KAMIWADA, Kenji KIGUCHI1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 289-294
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOur objective is to improve the knowledge of the biology of the sweet potato hornworm, Agrius convolvuli, which might be useful as an experimental insect. A. convolvuli is closely related to the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, now used widely as an experimental insect. We investigated its life cycle and growth under laboratory rearing with artificial diets. A. convolvuli ecdysed to the 5th instar 12-14 days after hatching, pupated at 21-26 days and emerged at 36-41 days at 27°C and 16L-8D photoperiod. The 5th instar larvae grew up to 8cm in body length, and 11-12g in body weight. Ecdysis was time specific and varied in successive developmental stages, suggesting stage-specific gating rhythms. We discussed the similarities and differences between A. convolvuli and M. sexta and concluded that A. convolvuli has characteristics and advantages comparable to M. sexta as an experimental insect.View full abstractDownload PDF (844K) -
Katsunori NAKAMURA, Fumiki TAKAHASHI1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 295-297
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simplified small apparatus for extracting nematodes was designed and its extraction efficiency was tested using Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in dead Pinus densiflora wood. The extraction efficiency of the simplified apparatus was not significantly different from that of an ordinary 9-cm diameter BAERMANN funnel when the sample amount was appropriate. The simplified apparatus is small (ca. 3cm×3cm×10cm) taking up about 5% of the space required by the 9-cm BAERMANN funnel. It is expected to be useful when extracting nematodes in a small chamber or when treating large numbers of samples at one time.View full abstractDownload PDF (435K) -
II. Estimation of Leaf Area Damaged by Young Larvae Using Spectral ReflectivityHiroya HIGUCHI, Haruhiko YAMAMOTO, Yoshinori SUZUKI1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 297-300
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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Shinichiro ASANO, Jun SASAKI, Hisanori BANDO, Toshihiko IIZUKA1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 300-302
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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Keiji YASUDA, Kenjirou KAWASAKI1994 Volume 38 Issue 4 Pages 302-304
Published: November 25, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mating behavior of the eggplant fruit-borer was observed in the laboratory under natural light conditions. Copulation occurred around 04:40 and the duration was 73 minutes. Virgin-female traps captured males both in a large-field cage, and in an eggplant field. Males were trapped between 04:00 and 05:00 in the field. This result coincided with the time of copulation observed in the laboratory.View full abstractDownload PDF (324K)
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