巻号一覧
48 巻 (2004)
- 4 号 p. 261-
- 3 号 p. 169-
- 2 号 p. 79-
- 1 号 p. 1-
48 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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総説
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神村 学2004 年 48 巻 1 号 p. 1-12
発行日: 2004年
公開日: 2004/05/25
ジャーナル フリーRecent progresses in researches for molecular mechanisms underlying juvenile hormone (JH) actions are reviewed. Discussed topics are 1. Effects of JH on ecdysone signaling pathway, 2. Identification of JH-inducible genes from cell lines, 3. Regulation of yolk proteins genes by JH, 4. JH receptor.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (545K) -
浅野 昌司, 宮本 和久2004 年 48 巻 1 号 p. 13-21
発行日: 2004年
公開日: 2004/05/25
ジャーナル フリーBacillus thuringiensis has been utilized worldwide as an environmentally benign biopesticide. The quality control of formulations from B. thuringiensis are usually performed based on bioassays with insects, although the test methods and the species of test insects differ among countries. In Japan, a bioassay method with silkworm, Bombyx mori, was proposed by the Japan Plant Protection Association in 1973, which illustrated a protocol of procedure and a reference sample to calculate the relative potency of the test sample by Bombyx Unit. This bioassay method has been used without modification since that time for the quality control of all B. thuringiensis formulations commercially produced in this country. However, in order to simplify and speed up the bioassay method some modifications are called for. The authors review some problems with the current method and discuss possible modifications to resolve these issues and improve the assay.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (79K)
原著
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伊藤 清光2004 年 48 巻 1 号 p. 23-32
発行日: 2004年
公開日: 2004/05/25
ジャーナル フリーCultivars ‘Ishikari’ and ‘Hoshinoyume’ showed a stable high split-hull paddy rate regardless of location or year, while the rate was relatively low in ‘Kirara 397’ and ‘Yukihikari’. In both ‘Hoshinoyume’ and ‘Kirara 397’, split-hull paddies began to appear 3–4 weeks after emergence of the panicle neck (i.e. after the dough ripe stage) and reached a peak 5–7 weeks after that stage. In normal paddies (=without split-hull paddies), Trigonotylus caelestialium produced more pecky rice grains at the flowering to milk-ripe stage or at the milk ripe stage, then decreased as the growing stage proceeded. Most of these pecky rice grains were damaged at the top part of the grain. However, the occurrence of pecky rice grains did not decrease remarkably with growth of the ear in split-hull paddies. Most pecky rice grains were injured on the side of the grain, and it was also verified that each injury site coincided with the split part of the paddy. These results indicate that T. caelestialium fed from the split part or joint (particularly the top of the joint) of the hull. Furthermore, this bug had difficulty in attacking grains as the growth of the ear progressed, although it was able to attack hardened grains (i.e. after the yellow ripe stage) in the case of split-hull paddies.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (89K) -
宮ノ下 明大, 今村 太郎, 森本 彩佳2004 年 48 巻 1 号 p. 33-38
発行日: 2004年
公開日: 2004/05/25
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) invaded paper cups containing peanut cream or blueberry jam sealed in heat-shrunk packaging. An industrial fold wrapping machine was used to wrap the cup samples (lid diameter 8 cm, depth 6.3 cm, bottom diameter 6 cm) with 13.5 μm-thick OPP film. Each paper cup was individually packed in a closed plastic container (15 cm in diameter, 9 cm deep) together with 10 last-instar P. interpunctella larvae. The plastic container was kept at 30°C, 70% r.h. and 24 h constant light conditions. The number of larvae that had infiltrated between the film and the paper cup was recorded after one, four and seven days. These experiments revealed that the larvae were able to invade the paper cup. The frequency of invasion was 70%. However, few entry holes made by the larvae were found on the outer covering film: most larvae invaded via the hole acting as an air vent in the heat-shrunk packaging by gnawing around and enlarging the air vent hole. There was no difference in invasion frequency between the blueberry jam and the peanut cream by larval choice in the experiments over three days. The larvae also invaded a paper cup containing water sealed in heat-shrunk packaging. To prevent larval invasion, the position of the air vent holes on the film was changed from the lid to the bottom of the paper cup. This method of heat-shrunk packaging resulted in a decrease of frequency of invasion from 70% to 5%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (295K) -
竹内 博昭, 渡邊 朋也, 鈴木 芳人2004 年 48 巻 1 号 p. 39-47
発行日: 2004年
公開日: 2004/05/25
ジャーナル フリーThe rice stink bugs, Leptocorisa chinensis, Lagynotomus elongatus and Cletus punctiger, are important cosmetic pests that cause pecky rice. The first step towards the establishment of effective and environment-friendly rice bug management is to specify the species that is most responsible for pecky rice formation. For this purpose we investigated species-specific feeding marks on the grain with caged insects. The feeding marks caused by L. chinensis and L. elongatus were mostly found on the grain surface along hooking portion and the basal part of the grain, respectively, while those caused by C. punctiger were found everywhere under lemma and palea. The position of feeding marks on rice grains was species-specific and independent of the ripening stage of the rice and the developmental stage of rice bugs. Species-specific positions of feeding marks were due to the species-specific sucking position. These results provide useful information for specifying the major species causing the standard type of pecky rice.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (810K) -
諸富 勝成, 村上 香, 長島 孝行2004 年 48 巻 1 号 p. 49-53
発行日: 2004年
公開日: 2004/05/25
ジャーナル フリーTriops longicaudatus, a small aquatic crustacean inhabiting the paddy fields of Japan, has eggs that can undergo diapause and survive under dry conditions for several decades. In this study, diapause eggs were embedded in resin and thin sections were observed under light microscopy. Observations revealed that there were abundant yolk granules, or many nuclei, in a diapause egg. Diapause eggs, post-diapause eggs and eggs just after oviposition were homogenized in their groups and the residual material was removed by centrifugation. The samples were analyzed for proteins using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-GE). The protein spots were visualized by silver staining, and revealed that there were more than 1,400 spots in a diapause egg, and two protein spots (26 kDa, 4.7 isoelectric point) appeared specifically in diapause eggs. It is suggested that these proteins have some relationship with long diapause. The proteins differ from a small heat-shock/α-crystallinprotein (p26) of Artemia franciscana.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1389K)
短報
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長谷川 晴基, 昆野 安彦, 松田 一寛2004 年 48 巻 1 号 p. 55-57
発行日: 2004年
公開日: 2004/05/25
ジャーナル フリーAn improved artificial diet without dry cruciferous leaf powder for the cabbage small white, Pieris rapae, was investigated. The diet consisted of kidney bean, chlorella powder, dried cowpea leaf powder, casein, dry yeast powder, cholin chroride, inositol, ascorbic acid, cholesterol, lenolenic acid, sodium poropionate, citric acid monohydrate, cellulose powder, agar and water. It was consumed readily by larvae with more than 70% of the larvae developing into adults.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (59K) -
本田 洋, 木村 貴好2004 年 48 巻 1 号 p. 57-60
発行日: 2004年
公開日: 2004/05/25
ジャーナル フリーThis work was motivated by previous pheromone trap tests for Conogrthes sp. and C. punctiferalis in which small numbers of Pleuroptia chloropahanta males were unexpectedly trapped. Formulations of (E)-10-hexadecenal (E10-16: Ald), (Z)-10-hexadecenal (Z10-16: Ald), n-hexadecanal (n-16: Ald) or (E)-10-hexadecenol (E10-16: OH) alone or in various combinations were tested as attractants for male moths of P. chloropahanta in different plantations. In chestnut and peach orchard field tests in 1994, E10-16: Ald alone was attractive to the males but binary mixtures of E10-16: Ald and 5 to 50% of Z10-16: Ald were not attractive. Trap catches by a binary mixture of E10-16: Ald and E10-16: OH in 1995 was very low and not different from that of a 4-component mixture for C. punctiferalis. In field tests of two Japanese white pine plantations of in 2001, 36 P. chloropahanta males were caught by traps baited with E10-16: Ald alone. Conclusive results, that is, exclusive attraction by E10-16: Ald were also obtained by field trap tests in plantations of Paulownia tomenyosa and Syrax abassia, host plants of this species. These results strongly suggest (E)-10-hexadecenal is effective as a sex attractant for monitoring P. chloropahanta and this compound may be one of the sex pheromone components of this species.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (85K) -
丹羽 里美, 岩野 秀俊, 浅田 真一, 松浦 誠, 五箇 公一2004 年 48 巻 1 号 p. 60-64
発行日: 2004年
公開日: 2004/05/25
ジャーナル フリーWe investigated introduced commercial colonies of the European bumblebee Bombus terrestris to determine whether they were infested by parasitic microorganisms. We isolated microsporidian spores from bees in a colony from the Netherlands. The shape of the spores and the number of polar filament coils, along with the developmental cycle and infection sites of the pathogen, were characteristic of Nosema bombi, a known serious pathogen of bumblebees. Laboratory studies showed that the isolated microsporidia were able to infect B. hypocrita and B. diversus, two native Japanese bumblebee species. These results strongly suggest that importing commercial colonies of B. terrestris carries the risk that pathogenic microsporidia will spread among Japanese bumblebee populations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6935K)
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