巻号一覧
52 巻 (2008)
- 4 号 p. 183-
- 3 号 p. 107-
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52 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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原著
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豊島 真吾, 井原 史雄, 高梨 祐明原稿種別: 原著
2008 年 52 巻 3 号 p. 107-112
発行日: 2008/08/25
公開日: 2008/08/30
ジャーナル フリーThe efficacy of brushing and printing procedures was investigated to assess a counting method combined with brushing and printing procedures to estimate mite density on apple trees. Using leaf samples from apple orchards, digitized dots obtained from the printing procedure were chosen for counting and investigated by regression analysis of mite density. When mite density was an adult female per leaf, 87% of mites were dropped onto paper. When mite density was 10 adult female per leaf, 55% were dropped. Printing efficacy was high when mite density was low, and adversely, it was low when density was high. This trend explains the results of samples from the apple orchard; however, the number of dots chosen using the digitalized process correlated well with mite density when the density was lower than 8 females per leaf. Therefore, mite density could be estimated by the regression equation: y=0.68x+1.55, with 0.89 of the coefficient when the dots were chosen at 75 dpi of digitized resolution and 170 binary threshold.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (286K) -
澤村 信生, 奈良井 祐隆原稿種別: 原著
2008 年 52 巻 3 号 p. 113-121
発行日: 2008/08/25
公開日: 2008/08/30
ジャーナル フリーTwo mealybug species, Planococcus kraunhiae and Pseudococcus comstocki, were reared on germinated broad bean seeds to determine the developmental thresholds and thermal constants in each developmental stage and preovipositional period at six temperatures. Since few Pl. kraunhiae and Ps. comstocki individuals developed into adults at 30°C and 32°C, respectively, their upper temperature limit is around 30°C. The lower developmental threshold temperature (T0) and thermal constant (K) for the entire developmental period were 12.2°C and 331 degree-days (DD) for Pl. kraunhiae, and 10.8°C and 346 DD for Ps. comstocki. T0 in the preovipositional period were 8.1°C and 225 DD for Pl. kraunhiae, and 10.7°C and 163 DD for Ps. comstocki. Fecundity was highest at 24°C in both species. Pl. kraunhiae laid an average of 526 eggs, and Ps. comstocki 498 eggs. The intrinsic rates of the natural increase in Pl. kraunhiae and Ps. comstocki were 0.117 at 24°C and 0.151 at 28°C, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (296K) -
井原 史雄, 栁沼 勝彦, 石田 信昭, 小泉 美香原稿種別: 原著
2008 年 52 巻 3 号 p. 123-128
発行日: 2008/08/25
公開日: 2008/08/30
ジャーナル フリーUsing a 1-Tesla dedicated magnetic resonance imager (MRI), we non-destructively observed the larvae of a peach fruit moth, Carposina sasakii Matsumura, in young apple fruits less than 30 mm in diameter. MRI detected larvae as small as 1.5 to 2.0 mm long and narrow pits in injured fruit 10 days after eclosion of adult moths. A larger larva, 10 mm long and 2 to 3 mm wide, was clearly observed, together with its excreta, in an infested fruit 15 days after eclosion. Larvae were detected in sliced images. The accumulated excreta in the fruits was visualized by maximum intensity projection (MIP) images created from 3D image data. 3D spin-echo imaging allowed the creation of high-resolution images, but it required measurement over 15 h. In contrast, 3D gradient-echo imaging required measurement for only 1 to 2 h, and could detect large larvae and their cavities in fruit. Improvement of measurement conditions will be necessary to obtain clear images of small larvae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2805K) -
岩崎 暁生, 三宅 規文, 武澤 友二, 水越 亨, 岩泉 連, 上堀 孝之原稿種別: 原著
2008 年 52 巻 3 号 p. 129-137
発行日: 2008/08/25
公開日: 2008/08/30
ジャーナル フリーPupal periods of the garden pea leafminer Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau) were 12.6, 14.2 and 13.6 days under 12L-12D, 14L-10D and 16L-8D at a low temperature (15°C), respectively. In the samples of C. horticola mature larvae and/or puparia collected on wild plants and vegetables in Hokkaido, northern Japan, and Honshu, mid-Japan, the pre-emergence periods from the collecting date to emergence at room temperature did not exceed 30 days throughout the year, including autumn and winter. These results showed that C. horticola puparia did not show diapause even under low temperature with a short photoperiod. When puparia of C. horticola reared at a low temperature (15°C) under 12L-12D were stored at 0°C for various periods, the survival rates of puparia decreased in accordance with the storage period. The survival and successful emergence rates of puparia decreased to 10.5 and 0% in samples stored at 0°C for 75 days, respectively. These findings indicate that C. horticola puparia cannot survive more than 75 days under the snow. In the spring of 2004 and 2005, there was synchronicity among the first mass trapping days of C. horticola adults by yellow pan traps in 2 and 3 different localities in Hokkaido, respectively. In addition, the first mass trapping days between 2004 to 2007 synchronized with the occurrence of strong southern or southwestern winds in the 850 hPa low-level jet stream without exception. All of these findings supported the hypothesis that C. horticola could not hibernate in the northern part of Japan with snow periods lasting for more than 3 months. In such areas, C. horticola might migrate in spring on strong southern winds accompanied by lower pressure. This is the first recognized case of the long-distance migration of agromyzid flies.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (658K)
短報
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石本 万寿広原稿種別: 短報
2008 年 52 巻 3 号 p. 139-141
発行日: 2008/08/25
公開日: 2008/08/30
ジャーナル フリーThe sorghum plant bug is a major insect species causing pecky rice. The details of nymphal occurrence of this bug in rice paddy fields have not been investigated. To clarify the potential for nymphal development on rice plants, the development of nymphs reared on different foods was examined, i.e., a rice seedling only, hulled rice only, and a rice seedling and hulled rice under laboratory conditions. The percentage of adult emergence was 96.7% and 76.7% for nymphs reared on a rice seedling with hulled rice and hulled rice alone, respectively, while no adult emergence was observed for nymphs reared on a rice seedling alone. No significant differences in either the developmental period of nymphs or the forewing length of emerged adults were observed between nymphs reared on a rice seedling with hulled rice and those reared on hulled rice alone. It was concluded that hulled rice is an appropriate food for nymphs. This suggests that the availability of grains on the rice plant affects nymphal development.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (187K) -
竹内 将俊, 佐藤 美幸, 飯嶋 一浩, 田村 正人原稿種別: 短報
2008 年 52 巻 3 号 p. 142-145
発行日: 2008/08/25
公開日: 2008/08/30
ジャーナル フリーWe clarified the effects of photoperiod on feeding and egg-deposition activity on the phytophagous univoltine lady beetle, Epilachna admirabilis. Emerged females were housed under 15.5 h light : 8.5 h dark (15.5L-8.5D) and 13L-11D for varying lengths of time. Irrespective of the photoperiod condition experienced, females showed decreased food consumption in June, which then recovered in July. Beetles transferred from the 15.5L-8.5D to 13L-11D condition showed higher feeding recovery than with other treatments. On the other hand, there were remarkable differences in the number of eggs produced in different photoperiod treatments. Females are apparently sensitive to photoperiod changes; egg-laying was confirmed with transfer from 15.5L-8.5D to 13L-11D. We suggest that photoperiod-induced reproductive diapause provides E. admirabilis a chance to synchronize reproduction in favorable seasons such that larvae are able to reach the full-grown fourth instar before winter.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (291K) -
植原 健人, 伊藤 賢治, 奈良部 孝原稿種別: 短報
2008 年 52 巻 3 号 p. 146-148
発行日: 2008/08/25
公開日: 2008/08/30
ジャーナル フリーParasitism of the potato cyst nematode (PCN), Globodera rostochiensis, to tomato varieties and strains of relative wild species were evaluated for their susceptibility or resistibility to PCN. The parasitism of the nematode significantly differed among them. Eleven of 24 varieties were concluded to be resistant to PCN. These were all cherry tomato varieties except for ‘Doctor-K’, which is a stock variety.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (202K) -
刀祢 淳也, 仲島 義貴原稿種別: 短報
2008 年 52 巻 3 号 p. 149-151
発行日: 2008/08/25
公開日: 2008/08/30
ジャーナル フリーThe developmental period, adult longevity, fecundity, age-specific survival rate (lx), age-specific fecundity (mx) and body size effects on the longevity and fecundity of Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) from the population of Memuro, Hokkaido, which parasitizes the cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora Koch, were examined. The mean developmental period, adult longevity, and fecundity (20°C and 16L8D photoperiod) were 11.8 days, 6.6 days, and 60.4, respectively. All progeny produced were females, indicating that the population is thelytokous. On the basis of the results, the estimated intrinsic rate of the natural increase (rm) of this parasitoid was 0.241. A positive significant correlation was found between female body size and longevity, but no significant correlation was found between body size and fecundity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (198K) -
金井 賢一, 松比良 邦彦, 上地 奈美, 湯川 淳一原稿種別: 短報
2008 年 52 巻 3 号 p. 151-154
発行日: 2008/08/25
公開日: 2008/08/30
ジャーナル フリーQuadrastichus erythrinae Kim, 2004 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is known in tropical and subtropical regions to cause serious damage to various species of Erythrina (Fabaceae) by inducing stem, petiole, and leaf galls. In Japan, the existence of galls on Erythrina variegata Linnaeus was first recorded in Okinawa Prefecture in 2005, but galls were not found in that year on Amami Island, Kagoshima Prefecture. In our field survey from December 2006 to February 2007, we found that 65 (16.8%) of 323 trees of E. variegata bore galls on Amami Island and 118 (85.5%) of 138 trees of E. variegata and E. crista-galli Linnaeus on Tokunoshima Island, which is located about 49 km south of Amami Island. Because Erythrina trees were more heavily damaged on Tokunoshima Island, Q. erythrinae seems to have invaded the island earlier than Amami Island. In addition to possible multiple invasions, Q. erythrinae may have spread quickly through both islands by low-density dispersal. Up to 2007, no galls had been found on Kikai Island located east of Amami Island.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (343K)
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