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Volume 9 (1965)
- Issue 4 Pages 251-
- Issue 3 Pages 151-
- Issue 2 Pages 73-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 9, Issue 1
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Sumio NAGASAWA, Michiyo SHIBA1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 1-4
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn estimation method of acute oral toxicity of insecticide B-1946 for mice was discussed in this paper. The experimental data were made from the individual records of survival in which one individual dose differs from another. The method of computation described by Bliss (1938) was applied for analysing the data. The acute oral toxicity LD50 of B-1946 for mice computed was 1275.5mg/kg (1204.9∼1350.7mg/kg).View full abstractDownload PDF (470K) -
Akira TAKAI, Yosiaki ITÔ, Kazuo NAKAMURA, Kazuyoshi MIYASHITA1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 5-12
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough the net-sweeping has widely been used for estimating the population density of small insects, this method often did not allow us to decide absolute density of the insect when the efficiency had not been known. Attempts were, therefore, made to compare the estimates of population density of the green rice leafhopper based on the sweeping and the mark-recapture methods. Sample unit in ordinary sweeping consisted of 20 strokes of the net, 40cm in diameter with a 120cm rod. In the estimation of density with the mark-recapture method, leafhopper adults collected by the net were immediately anaesthetized by CO2, marked on forewing with a quick-dry ink, and released again. Specimens used for the experiments on the efficiency of the light-trap were marked with coloured dye powder. Experiments were conducted in 1963 and 1964, the results being summarized as follows:
1) With BAILEY'S triple-catch method, estimated numbers of adults in the heading stage were 15∼20 per sq. m. in 1963 and 20 per sq. m. in 1964. Numbers of adults at the yellow ripe stage were 30 per sq. m. in 1963 and 55 per sq. m. in 1964 (Table 6).
2) Results of the net-sweeping conducted on 7 paddy fields and for 4 varieties of the rice plant were shown in Table 4. The sweeping method is considered to be trustworthy for the estimation of population density of the leafhopper, because of very small sample variance.
3) From the comparison of the population estimates based on the mark-recapture and the sweeping methods, it is concluded that, when the sky is clear, 10 to 30 per cent of the adult leafhoppers inhabiting the well-grown paddy field may be caught by the sweeping method.
4) From the results of experiment where dyed adults were released at points with different distances from the light trap, an approximate representation of the relationship between the distance and the ratio of the light-trap catch could be shown (Fig. 4).View full abstractDownload PDF (876K) -
Tatsuo KOSHIHARA1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 13-18
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe absorption and translocation of γ-BHC in rice plants particularly through the root systems were qualitatively examined. Experiments were conducted on rice seedlings grown in the paddy field soil treated with γ-BHC under conditions which eliminated possibility of the contamination of the aerial parts by the movement of this compound through the agency of the irrigation water on the treated soil.
It was found from the results of the experiments that γ-BHC was absorbed and translocated to the aerial plant tissues of the rice seedlings from the paddy field soil treated with a considerably large amount of this compound, and then killed newly hatched larvae of the rice stem borer feeding in the rice seedlings. It is reasonable to assume that the effectiveness of the application of γ-BHC into the paddy field soil right before the transplanting against the first generation larvae of the rice stem borer is mainly due to the absorption and translocation of γ-BHC in rice seedlings through the root systems.
It seemed that the γ-BHC also killed macropterous male adults of the brown planthopper feeding on the rice seedlings.
The absorption and translocation of γ-BHC in the rice seedlings through the root systems were found to occur slowly and faintly. The translocation of γ-BHC was correlated with the amount applied into the paddy field soil. The amount of γ-BHC translocated was larger in the leaf sheaths than in the leaf blades.View full abstractDownload PDF (776K) -
Tamotsu ISHIHARA1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 19-22
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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Takeshi KANEKO, Yoshio TAMAKI, Kazuo TAKAGI1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 23-28_1
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObservations on the biology of the tea root borer, Xyleborus germanus, and the tea stem borer, Xyleborus compactus, were carried out. The preliminary tests on the artificial culture of the ambrosia fungi on which the larvae feed, and of the beetles were also undertaken. The results are summarized as follows:
1. Xyleborus germanus occurs twice a year, and overwinters as adult in tea root. The optimum temperature range for its development was assumed to be 21∼23°C. Larval growth of the first generation occurs from June to early July, the second generation from late August to September. They attack tea roots of 1.0∼1.5cm in diameter, at about 30cm in depth. Ratio of female to male is about 10 to 1. The outline of the life history is shown in Fig. 1.
2. Xyleborus compactus occurs twice a year, and overwinters as adult in tea twig. Larval growth of the first generation occurs from late July to late August, and that of the second from late August to September. They attack twigs of 5∼8mm in diameter. The surrounding tissues of their galleries are seriously injured, and the infestation by the beetles causes a die-back or a branch breackage of the tea bush. The optimum temperature range for the insect development was assumed to be 25∼27°C. Ratio of female to male was about 5 to 1.
3. The optimum temperatures for mycelial growth of the ambrosia fungus, Xyleborus germanus and Xyleborus compactus, were about 23°C, and about 26°C, respectively. The sporulations of the ambrosia fungi on agar based media were not so good, though the growth of mycelium was very good.
4. Xyleborus germanus could be successfully reared for one generation on wood material which had been autoclaved and inoculated with ambrosia fungus, and the succeeding generation is now in progress. However, the beetle could not complete one generation on the ambrosia fungus growing on agar based media.View full abstractDownload PDF (1368K) -
Teiichi OKUTANI1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 29-33
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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XIV. Developmental Stages of Graphosoma and its Allied Genera of Japan (Pentatomidae)Takashi KOBAYASHI1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 34-41
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe developmental stages of Graphosoma rubrolineatum (WESTWOOD) which is injurious to Umbelliferous vegetable, together with its brief bionomics and the diagnoses of its allied three genera and their subfamily Podopinae (=Graphosominae) are given in the present paper. In Japan, the genera Graphosoma and Dybowskyia are represented by only one species respectively, and the genus Scotinophara is composed of four species, including S. lurida (BURMEISTER), a serious pest of a rice plant. The eggs and larvae of these three genera and three known species of the genus Scotinophara are discernible each other by the keys presented in the present text and the author's previous report No. XI (1963).View full abstractDownload PDF (1838K) -
III. Five Year Observation on Population FluctuationsKazuyoshi MIYASHITA, Yosiaki ITÔ, Kazuo NAKAMURA, Masako NAKAMUR ...1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 42-52
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA population of the chestnut gall-wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus, was studied for 5 years in 4 stations at Chiba and Oyama. The numbers of young larvae, old larvae and adults in each station were estimated by sampling young shoots and galls on chestnut trees. Population fluctuations were then analyzed and concluded, as follows:
i. The gall-wasp population suffered the severest mortality at the adult and egg stages, and this mortality was considered to have the greatest influence upon the population fluctuation.
ii. When the production of young shoots on the chestnut tree decreased owing to heavy infestation, some adverse effects of high population density, such as overcrowding of young larvae per bud, seemed to occur. Frequent advent of excessively high densities brought about the decline of a population.
iii. The action of larval parasites was not likely to have an important influence upon the population fluctuation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1092K) -
Kozaburo OZAKI, Hisayoshi KOIKE1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 53-59
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOptimum conditions for determination of esterase in the green rice leafhopper was determined by using β-naphthyl acetate as substrate, and the difference between esterase activity of susceptible and organophosphorus resistant leafhopper was examined.
This method was very sensitive, and it was found that the optimum concentration of homogenate was from 5ml to 20ml of buffer per adult and the reaction time was from 5min. to 20min. In larva, the esterase activity increased with age, the adult generally showed higher activity than larva and female was higher than male.
The malathion resistant leafhopper had significantly higher activity of esterase than the susceptible one. Increase in esterase activity was closely correlated with malathion resistance. The ID-50 values of malaoxon and paraoxon for the esterase of malathion resistant colony were approximately the same as those of the susceptible colony. In both the resistant and susceptible leafhopper, the esterase activity consisted of cholinesterase and Besterase. The ratio of each esterase activity to total esterase activity was not differed between the resistant and the susceptible leafhopper.View full abstractDownload PDF (801K) -
Hajime IKEMOTO1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 60-62
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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Sumio NAGASAWA1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 62-63
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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Keizo YASUMATSU, Koyo OKABE, Shun-ichi NAKAO1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 64-66
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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Toshio NAKASHIMA, Ikuo SUZUKI1965 Volume 9 Issue 1 Pages 66-67
Published: March 25, 1965
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (219K)
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