This article is a study on some of the pre-war practices and opinions on boys' learning how to keep house or sew at home. Takeji Kinoshita, Yoshibe Nomura, and Yonekichi Akai stress children's personality and spontaneity of education based on their life, and attempt to introduce the contents on food, clothing and housing as part of teaching material in elementary schools. Though Kinoshita and others, in a way, played a part to some extent to get back education to children under the then reactionary educational system, they did not critically examine the relation between the work for both sexes and nationalism of those days. Ikuko Koizumi aimed at the liberation of women, and says that boys also need to learn how to keep house. And most of women's special character, which has been thought natural, comes from their living environments or is an acquired one. Women should be given education not as women but as human. She says that education on food, clothing and housing is needed for male and female as long as they live their family life together.
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