Maintenance requires reliability, serviceability and availability in order to achieve the system performance. Commonly, the maintenance practices are enforced by using maintenance manuals. Then the manual contents and its works make one of the consequential factors as a resource for rationalization management. Nevertheless, the manual system itself is regarded as an insignificant matter from the management point of view. In consideration of such circumstances, the maintenance manual system, including creation, operation, application and whole matters of manuals, is practically behind and unexplored as a research field. The authors have investigated the present situation and the central issue of maintenance manual management system. The paper describes that the working plan of the efficient and the effective manual system needs the introduction of Computerization and Digital Communication Network system. Then the energetic system, using the combination of Work Stations or Personal Computers as Data base servers and Personal Computers as portable media, is suggested based on the investigation.

The purpose of this paper is to contrast a hierarchical organization with a network-type organization based on a mathematical organizational model. The model may be significant in describing an impact of information technology due to its operationality.

We have developed the model of organizational structures which is defined in terms of dependencies among agents. The organizational structures are classified into three types: i.e., Hierarchy, Hierarchy with Delegation, and Network-type Organization.. In the model, an organizational performance consists of a basic performance, a cost of decision making, and of a benefit-cost of coordination. The model includes parameters concerning a nature of tasks, an amount of decision making, a scale of organization, and a cost of communication.

Using the model, we have found boundary conditions to identify an optimal organizational structure with respect to the parameters. The impact of information technologies are also illustrated in the optimal organizational state space.

This paper introduces a simulation system to help and support the group concerned in negotiating to make a decision. For this, the negotiation model is designed so as to work by modifying the evaluation function to compromise by the decision making. And then the simulation method based on neural networks is suggested to find out the solution or the compromising point that would satisfy both sides. One of the features of this method is a parallel processing search for a compromising point, with taking into consideration the changing concessional degrees of each negotiator to several attributes. In learning patterns for the neurai network, input values to each unit are given in the form of sets of concessional degrees before being modified for each attribute. Teaching signals are given in the form of sets of those degrees modified. Changes in concessional degrees are one of the processes to the concessional goal and they compose one trajectory, so called “concessional trajectory”. Along with illustrating the details of this searching method for a compromising point, group decision for buying a car, as a concrete example, is dealt with for showing its actual process and the results. All the results suggest that this method is expected to be very efficient in searching for a compromising point to avoid an explosion of combinations of solutions available.