This study aimed to construct the offender database of the residential burglars for the purpose to apply practical offender profiling. In order to attain the purpose, this study focused on whether offender characteristics were different between a group motivated by cash and a group motivated by sexuality, and whether these groups are assumed to be homogeneous samples.
Documents related to the crime based on the confessions of 168 male residential burglars were collected and analyzed. The 168 residential burglars were classified into two groups, motivated by cash (100 suspects who stole cash and/or valuables), and motivated by sexuality (68 suspects who stole female clothing and/or underwear). A questionnaire consists of three areas on the their personal background, modus operandi and police interrogation was distributed to police officers in charge of interrogation of the residential burglars at the time of their arrest. The answers which were described by police officers were then compared and analyzed using the chi-square test.
Statistical results showed significant differences in many items within three areas, which suggested that offender characteristics differ between the two groups. If both groups are dealt with as samples of the same database, it is possible that the characteristics of each group are not fully be reflected, therefore, it is considered more desirable to construct a different database based on the motives of the burglars.
The purpose of this research is to search for the influences of self-efficacy and outcome expectancy on aggressive behavior as anger expression and cognitive reappraisals. First, the subjects who participated in the experiment received negative evaluation of their characteristics from the confederate. Next, the experimenter prepared another experiment, in which the confederate was believed to receive an electric shock as a punishment of the failure in a task. After manipulating self-efficacy and outcome expectancy as independent variables, the anger expressive reaction and cognitive factors were measured. From the result, it was suggested that the aggressive behavior as anger expression was controlled by self-efficacy and outcome expectancy, which differed from the cognitive factors of anger evocation. Moreover, it was suggested that when the expression of anger was recognized to be difficult, the reappraisals of the evaluation to anger inhibition, and of the instigator's malicious intent arouse.
The purpose of this study is to propose a new GKT method that will enable us to observe “motivation to avoid detection” on the polygraph test in the field. It was conducted on detection of deception using mock crime paradigm, with 12 male subjects assigned to either high or low motivational group. The physical measures of detection were skin conductance response (SCR) and respiration, and the presented questions which formed the new Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT) were composed of a critical question, non-critical questions and a target question. The results of the new GKT-experiment suggested that it is possible to observe the level of motivation to avoid detection from the pattern of responses of SCR amplitude and respiration speed.