医薬品情報学
Online ISSN : 1883-423X
Print ISSN : 1345-1464
ISSN-L : 1345-1464
24 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
原著
  • 今井 俊吾, 柏木 仁, 佐藤 夕紀, 武隈 洋, 菅原 満
    2022 年 24 巻 1 号 p. 1-10
    発行日: 2022/05/31
    公開日: 2022/06/11
    ジャーナル フリー

    Objective: Recently, special features on “dangerous” prescription drugs have been frequently published in few mass media platforms, such as weekly magazines. However, to our knowledge, there have been no prior studies, systematically organizing and evaluating the contents of these articles (e.g., drugs and their side effects that are reported). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relevance of the information on “dangerous drugs” that was published in weekly magazines using the modified “Media Doctor” instrument.

    Methods: We extracted articles on “dangerous” prescription drugs from 10 weekly magazines for which the table of contents of previous issues are available on their official websites. Information regarding the target drugs and their classifications was compiled and organized. The relevance of the extracted news articles was assessed by two independent evaluators. The evaluation index was based on the modified “Media Doctor” instrument, and 9 evaluation criteria were used to assign the following categories: satisfactory, unsatisfactory, or not applicable.

    Results: A total of 1,064 articles were screened, and 19 articles were selected for further evaluation. A total of 179 drugs (belonging to 34 drug classes) were listed. The most frequently mentioned class of drugs included hypnotics and sedatives, and the most frequently listed was triazolam. Of the 19 articles, 11 had zero items that were judged satisfactory by both the evaluators. The number of unsatisfactory items was widely distributed, but in 11 of the 19 articles, five and more items were judged unsatisfactory by both the evaluators.

    Conclusion: We revealed that a wide variety of drugs have been termed as “dangerous” by weekly magazines. Additionally, we found that these articles were inadequate and incomplete with respect to scientific validity, and that there are many aspects that require further improvement.

短報
  • 明貝 怜美, 澤井 夏海, 須藤 洋行, 佐藤 宏樹, 藤田 行代志, 三島 八重子, 木﨑 速人, 堀 里子, 澤田 康文
    2022 年 24 巻 1 号 p. 11-16
    発行日: 2022/05/31
    公開日: 2022/06/11
    ジャーナル フリー

    Objective: Pharmacists at insurance pharmacies play an important role in the pharmaceutical care of outpatients receiving cancer chemotherapy. This study aimed to clarify the actual status of insurance pharmacies' involvement in cancer chemotherapy and associated issues, based on an analysis of prescription inquiries made to doctors by pharmacists at an insurance pharmacy.

    Design: This was a retrospective observational study.

    Methods: The data was collected in one insurance pharmacy, which received prescriptions mainly from Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center. Among 2, 258 inquiries recorded from January 2015 to May 2018, inquires related to oral anticancer drugs or supportive care medicine were extracted. The frequency of inquiries for each item, or the frequencies of factors that lead to inquiries were calculated. Inquiries considered to have potentially led to the prevention or avoidance of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), so-called “preavoidance” inquiries, were also extracted.

    Results: Four hundred and forty inquiries related to 20 oral anticancer drugs were included in the analysis. The prescriptions were changed after 92.7% of all prescription inquiries. Prescription inquiries for drugs with rest periods were more frequent than those for drugs without rest periods. The most common inquiries were about the medication schedules stated on the prescription, followed by inquiries about supportive care drugs. Approximately 60% of the pharmacy inquiries were related to“pre-avoidance”inquiries. Most of the pre-avoidance inquiries concerned prevention of ADRs, though these inquiries also contributed to“reduction or avoidance of mental anxiety”. The prescription inquiries were triggered by information collected by pharmacists from patient interviews and from medication histories.

    Conclusion: Our findings suggest that inquiries to the prescribing doctors by pharmacists at insurance pharmacies contribute significantly to the appropriate use of anticancer drugs.

  • ―薬局利用患者の服薬支援の観点から―
    櫻井 秀彦, 熊谷 純
    2022 年 24 巻 1 号 p. 17-29
    発行日: 2022/05/31
    公開日: 2022/06/11
    ジャーナル フリー

    Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the factors that affect medication adherence in outpatients with depression using multivariate analysis.

    Methods: A web-based survey on medication adherence, medication attitude (Drug Attitude Inventory-10; DAI-10), medication self-management, and satisfaction with the prescribing physician/pharmacy for outpatients with depression was conducted in January 2018. T-tests and path analysis were performed to evaluate comparisons of responses based on gender, high/low importance of medication guidance, high/low intention to consult, and high/low frequency of consultations.

    Results: For mean scores, no significant difference was observed between males and females according to a t-test. In terms of the importance of medication guidance, the high importance group had significantly higher prescribing physician/pharmacy satisfaction and better self-management. In terms of intention to consult, respondents with high intention to consult had significantly higher scores on the DAI-10, better self-management, and higher prescribing physician/pharmacy satisfaction. In terms of frequency of consultations, only pharmacy satisfaction was significantly higher in the high-frequency group. Path analysis revealed that, in general, adherence was influenced by medication attitude and self-management, and prescribing physician/pharmacy satisfaction and self-management were influenced by medication attitude. In the intergroup comparison, pharmacy satisfaction did not affect medication adherence in males or the group with low importance of medication guidance. In addition, medication attitude did not affect adherence only in the non-consultation group.

    Discussion: These results suggest that it is necessary to improve the medication support measures at pharmacies for outpatients with depression. Furthermore, in order for the measures to improve medication attitudes and adherence to be effective, it is necessary for patients to understand the benefits and importance of using pharmacists effectively, including medication support and consultation, and to be actively involved in the maintenance and promotion of patients' health.

資料
  • Kazuki Nagashima, Hideyuki Hirahara, Machiko Watanabe, Fumio Itagaki
    2022 年 24 巻 1 号 p. 30-37
    発行日: 2022/05/31
    公開日: 2022/06/11
    ジャーナル フリー

    Objective: This study assessed the distribution of "lethal dose/pharmaceutical product strength" in high-risk drugs.

    Methods: In 707 pharmaceutical products (312 ingredients) that had been defined as high-risk drugs in Japan, we collected acute toxicity information from these products on single dose toxicity studies conducted in mice, including median lethal dose (LD50) and approximate lethal dose (aLD). The LD50 and aLD were then divided by the strength (quantity of active ingredients) of the pharmaceutical product, after which the LD50or aLD values having an inequality sign was excluded.

    Results: We collected data on the acute lethal dose of 707 products (312 ingredients) from high-risk drugs. Data with an inequality sign, which was 143 of 495 products (28.9%) in tablets and capsules, then 43 of 212 items (20.3%) in injections, were excluded from the analysis. As observed, median (Q1, Q3) of "LD50/pharmaceutical product strength" and "aLD/pharmaceutical product strength" for tablets or capsules was 36.8 tablet/kg (11.5 tablet/kg, 144 tablet/kg) and 16.7 tablet/kg (6.9 tablet/kg, 65 tablet/kg), respectively. However, median (Q1, Q3) of "LD50/pharmaceutical product strength" and "aLD/pharmaceutical product strength" for injections were 1.3 bottle/kg (0.6 bottle/kg, 4.7 bottle/kg) and 0.8 bottle/kg (0.4 bottle/kg, 15 bottle/kg), respectively. In both cases, injections were distributed at a lower value than oral products.

    Conclusion: From this study, the distribution of "lethal dose/pharmaceutical product strength" in high-risk drugs was clarified. This information will therefore help pharmacists assess risks associated with individual pharmaceutical products.

  • 森次 幸男, 柴 英幸, 福井 元子, 西馬 信一
    2022 年 24 巻 1 号 p. 38-65
    発行日: 2022/05/31
    公開日: 2022/06/11
    ジャーナル フリー

    Objective: To identify the organizational structure and medical contributions of Medical Affairs/Medical Science Liaison (MA/MSL) and its impact on the spread of the coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) infection.

    Method: We conducted a web-based survey for 45 pharmaceutical companies based in Japan. The outcome of 43 questions related to organizational structure, business activities, key performance indicators (KPI), and indicators of medical contribution were analyzed and compared.

    Results: Responses were received from 43 pharmaceutical companies (95.6%; 26 Japanese and 17 foreign). The total number of MSLs exceeded 1,000 with an average of 30.1 MSLs/company. MSLs supervised an average of 21.8/MSL Key Opinion Leaders/Key Thought Leaders (KOLs/KTLs). There were eight MSL organizations per company on average, and Phase II/III had the most number of MSL organizations. Further, 22 companies (56.4%) had MSL organizations in the oncology area. All the companies were independent from departments mainly engaged in "sales and promotion activities," and the most common KPI was “collection insight from KOL/KTL.” Despite having medical qualifications and highly specialized degrees, training was provided continuously to improve expertise. Based on the life cycle of products, Japanese companies are promoting evidence generation and medical events with KOL/KTL supported by internal and external insights and foreign companies are promoting medical-education activities. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of “in person” activities have significantly decreased and that of "online" activities have increased considerably, and this trend might continue even after the end of the pandemic.

    Conclusion: The organizational structure and medical contribution of MA/MSL are partially different between Japanese and foreign companies. MSL continued to increase; however, the organization and activities were affected by the product.

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