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Volume 40, Issue 5
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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The sequential change of eye movementsNana ITOH, Tadahiko FUKUDA2004 Volume 40 Issue 5 Pages 239-247
Published: October 15, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe goal of this study was to identify the age difference for dependence on lower information of environment while walking by measuring sequential change of eye movements. Experiment was carried out in a space, which was composed of a flat walkway that was connected to a slope and short stairs. From the experiments, following results have been obtained. 1. The elderly tend to view the floor and foothold as well as to fix their viewing point on the connecting part for longer time than the young do. 2. The elderly need longer viewing time when they see lower level of information and frequency of vertical motion of their eye movements is less than that of the young, and such behaviors show fairly striking contrast against those of the young.
These results suggest that the elderly depend on lower information of environment largely more than the young do, even there are no differences of walking speed and cadences. In addition, the sequential change of eye movements of the elderly shows the necessity of confirming their walking conditions through viewing the lower information.View full abstractDownload PDF (8729K) -
Yoshitada YAMAGISHI, Hikaru INOOKA2004 Volume 40 Issue 5 Pages 248-253
Published: October 15, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper considers the head-neck movement of a patient caused by lateral acceleration of ambulance in emergency transportation. The head-neck movement of a healthy subject during transportation was measured by the use of two accelerometers. Then, the relationship between lateral acceleration/jerk and roll angle of head was clarified for the two cases: the passive case of keeping the head-neck freely and the active case of keeping it at the normal position. Finally, it was shown that the head-neck movement was considerably reduced by an actively-controlled bed which reduces the patient's discomfort by rotating the bed around the body axis.View full abstractDownload PDF (9163K) -
Etsunori FUJITA, Yumi OGURA, Naoki OCHIAI, Eiichi YASUDA, Shun'ichi DO ...2004 Volume 40 Issue 5 Pages 254-263
Published: October 15, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method was conceived for quantifying and characterizing the degree of fatigue that results from sitting for extended periods in an automobile seat, based on the base-line oscillation and amplitude of a finger plethysmogram. Due to the several hundred times difference that exists between the fluctuation cycles of a finger plethysmogram and the degree of fatigue, it was proposed that the finger plethysmogram be converted into the gradient of comprehensive change to make the fluctuation cycle scales closer together and easier to compare. The gradients of the squares of the finger plethysmogram amplitudes and the gradient of the greatest Lyapunov exponent were each converted into absolute values, and a fatigue curve and alertness curve were calculated from the integrated values of each 18 seconds of the resulting time series signals. The muscle fatigue curve and subjective evaluation, along with the alertness curve and the rate of occurrence of mental fatigue, generally correspond. By capturing the physical fatigue in the muscle fatigue curve and the mental fatigue in the alertness curve, it is possible to study how physical energy can be utilized in a manner that minimizes fatigue. As a result, it was discovered that when a subject not experiencing fatigue maintained a seated posture with the chest thrust slightly outward, it greatly reduced the occurrence of fatigue over a long period of time in a seated position.View full abstractDownload PDF (16629K) -
Tazu MIZUNAMI, Kenji KURAKATA, Haruka SHIMOSAKO, Kazuma MATSUSHITA2004 Volume 40 Issue 5 Pages 264-271
Published: October 15, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSJIS S 0013, a guideline on auditory signals of consumer products, recommends ON/OFF temporal patterns to be used for auditory signals. In this guideline, ON/OFF patterns are determined according to the function of auditory signals, e. g. completion signals and attention signals. Therefore, when both completion and attention signal (s) are used, or more than one completion signal or attention signal is used in the same appliance, the following two problems arise: (1) the user of the appliance may not be able to distinguish among different auditory signals; and (2) the designer of the auditory signals has difficulty choosing the most appropriate signals from the recommended ones. To solve these problems, the authors conducted psychoacoustic experiments in which listeners judged dissimilarity and evaluated impressions of the auditory signals prescribed in the JIS. Based on the experimental results, the authors determined an attention signal that might be confused with completion signals and ON/OFF patterns of auditory signals to be selected when more than one signal is used in a single appliance.View full abstractDownload PDF (1181K) -
Osamu SUENAGA2004 Volume 40 Issue 5 Pages 272-275
Published: October 15, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (6361K) -
Determination of proper number of steering switches and arrangementMakoto MORIWAKA, Atsuo MURATA2004 Volume 40 Issue 5 Pages 276-280
Published: October 15, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (7025K)
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