The Japanese Journal of Ergonomics
Online ISSN : 1884-2844
Print ISSN : 0549-4974
ISSN-L : 0549-4974
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Volume 46, Issue 6
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Contribution
  • Quantitative Analysis of Balance Control on Narrow Base of Support
    ∼Balance can be Maintained even when Center of Mass Drifts Outside the Base of Support∼
    Hiroki SAITO, Yoshihiro EHARA, Tomomichi IWAYA, Ryo OSAKI
    2010 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 355-361
    Published: December 15, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: July 08, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5100/jje.46.355
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Balance control is generally analyzed by applying the Inverted Pendulum model. According to this model, humans control joint torque and hold the vertical projection of Center of Mass (COM) in the area within which Center of Pressure (COP) can move. That is to say, COM is held within the Base of support. This study analyzed tip toe movement dividing body into ankle segment and upper body segment above the ankle by applying two-dimension in sagittal plane to show that humans can maintain balance even if COM drifts outside the base of support. The results revealed that the subject could produced the large deviation of angular momentum of the body around the COM without moving the COP. This deviation increased the distance between line of action of ground reaction force and COM to maintain balance. The direction of ground reaction force was the reverse of the direction of the fall. For this reason, the subject was able to maintain the balance with the force.
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  • A Fundamental Study on Influence of Errors on Acquisition of Work Procedure in the Acquisition Process
    Osamu ICHIKIZAKI, Tomoaki YAMAZAKI, Takashi KANAZAWA
    2010 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 362-372
    Published: December 15, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: July 08, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5100/jje.46.362
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In recent manufacturing industry, process planning is performed frequently to adapt to demand fluctuation. In factories of office machine, times of training for work procedure increases due to that situation, and improvement of the acquisition efficiency becomes an issue. Through experimental analyses, this paper aims to obtain fundamental knowledge about influence of errors on the acquisition process. By an experimental task that requires to acquire positions and sequence without difficult skills, factors influencing the acquisition are found. The experimental conditions are changed by applying those factors, and a progress of the acquisition performance is verified experimentally. As results, (1) unconfident operations in the acquisition process do not lead to early acquisition, and the training period becomes shorter by inhibiting those operations, (2) the inhibition tends to decrease errors occurring in the acquisition process and after that.
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  • Effect of Automotive Switch Type and its Location on Usability and Eye Movements
    Atsuo MURATA, Shuguang WANG
    2010 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 373-388
    Published: December 15, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: July 08, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5100/jje.46.373
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In this study, the effects of switch type and its location on the in-car task performance, the eye movements and the subjective evaluation on usability and workload were explored. Twenty young adults participated in the experiment. Experiment factors were switch type (four levels : number selection-type and cursor control-type non-integrated switches, thumb-operated dial-type and traditional dial-type integrated switches) and switch locations (three levels : steering, upper left (front), and lower left (lateral)). It tended that steering installation for all switch types led to shorter task completion time and shorter visual time off road. When the number selection-type non-integrated switch was placed around the steering wheel, the task completion time and the visual time off road were the shortest. The cursor control-type non-integrated switch was less affected by installation locations. The non-integrated switches were, as a whole, superior to the integrated switches from the viewpoints of task completion time and visual time off road. The analysis of NASA-TLX (WWL score) and subjective evaluation on usability showed that all types of switch obtain lower workload score and higher usability score when placed around the steering wheel.
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