巻号一覧
33 巻 (1991)
- 2 号 p. 59-
- 1 号 p. 1-
33 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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梨本 真原稿種別: 報告
1991 年 33 巻 2 号 p. 59-64
発行日: 1991/12/30
公開日: 2017/10/20
ジャーナル フリーThe damage and decline of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) trees in the Kanto-Koshin and Kansai-Setouchi Districts have been discussed with secondary air pollutants. To clarify the morphological symptoms of the damaged cedar trees , branching structures of cedar trees were studied. The trees studied included one healthy tree and one tree with light damage in Abiko City, Chiba Prefecture. Limbs in the upper and middle sections of the crown, plus the branches and twigs of those limbs, were studied. The characteristics of the branching structures in the damaged tree were as follows. 1) A number of branches on the limbs, however there were only a few older branches, the parts nearest the trunk were quite bare of original branches, while the ends of the limbs were quite full. 2) In the place of older branches, many new branches were sprouting as if compensating for the loss of old branches. However, most of the sprouts were not healthy, and there were very few large sprouts. 3) Compared with the healthy tree, there were fewer twigs branching from the branches and the sprouts. 4) Yellow-brownish or brownish discolorations and unnatural death were recognized in the 3 and 4 year old needles of the branches, the sprouts and the twigs. These results suggested that the prematurely unnatural shedding of branches and twigs contributed to a crown thinning of the damaged tree, which is a typical symptom of trees with light or moderate damage. From the results of the former study in the Kanto-Koshin and Kansai-Setouchi Districts, these morphological symptoms seemed to be general symptoms in the initial stage of damage.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (695K) -
八木 久義, 相澤 州平, 中田 誠原稿種別: 報告
1991 年 33 巻 2 号 p. 65-70
発行日: 1991/12/30
公開日: 2017/10/20
ジャーナル フリーIn order to clarify the effect of acid rain on the forest soil, that is, the relationship between acidneutralizing capacity of soil and aluminum ion concentration in the soil solution, artificial acid rains such as pH 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, and 2.0 solutions regulated by sulfuric acid and deionized water as a control were added to the column filled with brown forest soil derived from granite which is one of the most popular forest soils in Japan. The results obtained are as follows; 1) When buffer actions by exchangeable cations and ammonium ion derived from the chemical decomposition of nitrogenous organic matter are not enough to prevent acidification of soil by acid rain because the base saturation of the soil is very low, bases are also dissolved from minerals in soil even at the beginning stage of experiment where the soil pH is not so declined. 2) When pH value of soil solution is maintained at the same level as that of the original soil or within the lowering of 0.4 unit from pH value of the original soil through those buffer actins, exchangeable aluminum ion is only released a little. 3) When pH value of soil solutionbecomes 0.5 unit lower than that of the original soil, a consederable amount of aluminum ion is leached out from the column due to the release from the adsorption complex of soil and the dissolution of aluminum compound. 4) When pH value of soil solution becomes 1.0 unit lower than that of the original soil, the breakdown of minerals in soil begins and a lot of aluminum ion and bases are leached out from the column.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (657K) -
鈴木 啓助, 遠藤 八十一原稿種別: 報告
1991 年 33 巻 2 号 p. 71-75
発行日: 1991/12/30
公開日: 2017/10/20
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (601K) -
高橋 正通, 佐藤 俊, 的場 節子原稿種別: 論文
1991 年 33 巻 2 号 p. 76-85
発行日: 1991/12/30
公開日: 2017/10/20
ジャーナル フリーGrowth and biomass of a Konara and a Kunugi coppice forest were measured for 6 years after clear cutting. Rapid growth of sprout shoots was observed and leaf biomass recovered quickly the weight that was before cutting within 2 or 3 years. This means that leaf litter fall; organic matter and nutrients; increased rapidly after cutting if the forest regenerated by sprout shoots. The forest floor decreased rapidly for 3 years and the weight reduced to about 50% of be for cutting. The decrease almost stopped after 4 years because of increase of leaf litter fall. Decomposition rate of the forest floor was reduced for about 3 years after cutting but the rate increased gradually as the leaf biomass increased. Thinning of sprout shoots in early stage of regeneration may effectively supply organic matter to the forest floor which became minimum accumulation after cutting. Nitrogen content of the forest floor decreased more slowly than organic matter because the nitrogen concentration increased as the organic matter decomposed. Nitrogen content of sprout shoots was so low that nitrogen supply from the thinned sprout shoots could not be expected.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1128K) -
田村 憲司, 永塚 鎮男, 大羽 裕原稿種別: 報告
1991 年 33 巻 2 号 p. 86-91
発行日: 1991/12/30
公開日: 2017/10/20
ジャーナル フリーThe physical , chemical and micromorphological properties of surface soils under the tree garden and the nursery garden in Sugadaira Montane Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Central Japan were studied. Species of the four stands in the tree garden were Abies veichii, Chamaecyparis obtusa , Larix leptolepis and Betula ermanii, Soil was Ando Soil originated from volcanic ash, and the color of surface soil was black (7.5YR1.7/1) to dark brown (7.5YR3/3). Bulk density of surface soil under Abies and Chamaecyparis stands were 0.33 (g・ml^<-1>) , and that in the nursery garden was 0.50 (g・ml^<-1>). The values of 24hr water holding capacity in the tree garden were higher than that in the nursery garden. pH values in the tree garden indicated more acidic than that in the nursery garden. Exchange acidity (Y_1 was highest under Abies stand, and lowest in the nursery garden. RF values of humic acid fraction were higher in the nursery garden than in the tree garden. The type of humic acid determined from absorption spectra was A type except under Chamaecyparis stand. Microstructure of surface soils in the tree garden were crumb and granular structure under Abies and Chamaecyparis stands, and were subangular blocky structure under Larix and Betula stands. Large amounts of plant residues and excrements pedofeatures were found in the thin sections of soil samples under Abies , Chamaecyparis and Betula stands. In the nursery garden, however, those were very few. From these results, it is apparent that properties of surface soils in the tree garden were different from in the nursery garden. These suggest that afforestation affects soil environment, and characteristics of the surface soils vary, and that biological activity in soil under afforested stands is higher than under an upland field such as the nursery garden.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (864K) -
金子 真司, 田中 永晴, 高橋 正通原稿種別: 報告
1991 年 33 巻 2 号 p. 92-98
発行日: 1991/12/30
公開日: 2017/10/20
ジャーナル フリーThe soil survey was carried out at three sites in the Meiji shrine forest, which had been constructed in 1920, in Sibuya, Tokyo. Each site was covered with evergreen broad-leaved forests but the former land use had been different. The first site, Naien site had been a forest in resident, the second site, Kita -sandou had been a grassland or abandoned fields, and the third site, Renpeijou-ato had been used for a military drill ground. The soil type of each site was entirely Black soil with a thick A horizon of which the thickness in Naien, Kita-sandou and Renpeijou-ato soils were 120, 90 and 50cm respectively. The darkest horizon, which was considered to be buried A horizon, existed in the lower part of A horizons in Naien and Kita-sandou soils, whereas Renpeijou-ato soil did not have such a darkest horizon. The pH and exchangeable cation content of the A horizon in Renpeijou-ato soil resembled those of the lower part of the A horizons in Naien and Kita-sandou soils. We supposed that the upper part of the A horizon of Renpeijou-ato soil had been lost. In Renpeijou-ato soil, the A_1 horizon had crumb structure and its structure was very loose, but the A_2 and the A_3 horizon were very hard, and platy structure was observed in the A_2 horizon. Loose structure was also observed in the A_1 horizon of other two soils and any A horizon of other two soils was not harder than the A_2 and the A_3 horizons in Renpeijou-ato soil. Therefore, we considered that, in Renpeijou-ato soil, the former land use must have influenced the compactness of the A_2 and the A_3 horizons and the platy structure of the A_2 horizon, whereas the loose structure of the A_1 horizon might have been formed by the forest cover during the past 70 years.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (704K) -
宮川 清原稿種別: 翻訳
1991 年 33 巻 2 号 p. 99-104
発行日: 1991/12/30
公開日: 2017/10/20
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (908K) -
斉藤 昌宏原稿種別: 資料
1991 年 33 巻 2 号 p. 105-110
発行日: 1991/12/30
公開日: 2017/10/20
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (380K) -
崎尾 均原稿種別: 記録
1991 年 33 巻 2 号 p. 111-117
発行日: 1991/12/30
公開日: 2017/10/20
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1971K)
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