Japanese Journal of Forest Environment
Online ISSN : 2189-6275
Print ISSN : 0388-8673
ISSN-L : 0388-8673
Volume 45, Issue 1
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
  • Shingo Taniguchi, Shinya Osaki
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
    Published: June 25, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The fluctuation of not production of Fagus crenata and Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata in Hyonosen, Hyogo prefecture, was examined in relation to the number of black bears (Ursus thibetanus japonicus) witnessed in the surrounding villages. The number of black bears decreased in the year with abundant or good fruit crops of either F. crenata or Q. mongolica or both, but decreased contrary in the year with poor fruit crop of both tree species. The amount of fruit produced by these two tree species in the mountainous area may influence the appearance of the black bears to find food in the village.
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  • Tadayasu Nagao, Hiroshi Harada, Shin-ichi Meguro
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 7-12
    Published: June 25, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The litterfall was periodically measured for seven years in an approximately 6 ha environmental protection forest at reclaimed land in Kawasaki City. Two study plots (10m×10m in each)(plot A : unthinned, plot B : thinned) were designated with 40% thinning in plot B. The annual total litterfall at plots A and B averaged at 7.64ton・ha^<-1>(5.73-8.51ton・ha^<-1>) and 6.68ton・ha^<-1>(4.81-8.49ton・ha^<-1>) respectively. Fallen Leaves formed the greatest portion of the litterfall ; 63.0-85.8% at plot A, and 73.4-85.6% at plot B. At plot A, Persea thunbergii leaves amounted to 34.2-59.8% of the fallen leaves, followed in order by Castanopsis cuspidate var. sieboldii and Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus. At plot B, Persea thunbergii formed 48.5-73.0%, followed in order by Elaeocarpus sylvestris var. ellipticus and Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii. The amount of fallen leaves at the 40% thinned plot returned to match the unthinned one in three years. The amount of fallen branches was greater at plot A than B, and plot B showed greater variation from year to year. Reproductive organs consisted primarily of flowers of Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii and nuts of Quercus glauca. Seasonal changes in litterfall displayed the same characteristics as a natural evergreen broad-leaved forest ; showing a drastic increase in May, with high litterfall continuing through late summer until September. It became clear that thinning does not affect the seasonal litterfall pattern. Contrary to the clear seasonal pattern of leaves, the amount of fallen branches did not show any distinctive seasonal fluctuations, but increased as a result of typhoons and strong winds.
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  • Cahyono Agus, Oka Karyanto, Suryo Hardiwinoto, Satoshi Kita, Kikuo Hai ...
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 13-19
    Published: June 25, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effects of legume cover crop (LCC) on the soil chemical properties in a tropical region were studied to clarify the possibility of soil amelioration for a short rotation plantation forest. Three species of legume: Crotalaria anagyroides (CA), Mucuna chochuchinensis (MC) and Calopogonium caeruleum (CC) were planted at the clear cutting area after the Gmelina arborea Roxb (yemane) plantation (6 year-old). The biomass of LCC was measured 4 months after planting (MAP) when biomass of LCC seemed to be at a maximum. Soil chemical properties under the LCC were examined at 6 MAP. Total biomass (aboveground plus belowground) in CA was 4.7, MC was 4.3 and CC was 3.8Mg ha^<-1>. The root biomass of each LCC was almost at a similar amount to 1.7Mg ha^<-1>. The nutrient amounts in the total biomass per hectare were 67 to 78kg for N, 27 to 33kg for K, 15 to 23kg for Ca, 2 to 3kg for Mg and 0.3kg for Fe at 4 MAP. The total nutrient amounts per hectare in topsoil (0 to 10cm) under the LCC and the control plots were almost same. The exchangeable Ca and Mg in the CA and MC plots were about twice the amount, while the exchangeable Al was half of the control plot. There were no differences in exchangeable Ca between CC and the control plots. The legume could be cultured for two rotations in a year in a tropical region, so LCC was expected to affect the soil amelioration at a short rotation plantation forest.
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  • Hisao Sakai, Takeshi Morisawa, Tetusya Sengoku
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 21-27
    Published: June 25, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    pH, EC and ion concentration in rain and snow were measured at Mt. Ontake (2,120m above sea level), Nagano Prefecture. The average of pH, EC for 7 years were 5.04, 5.7μS/cm. Ion concentrations were low level in comparison with that in other mountain areas. EC value in snow period (Dec.-Mar.) was higher than that in rain period (Jun.-Oct.) because the concentration of all ions was high in December and January. The concentrations of Na^+, K^+, Ca^<2+>, Mg^<2+>, Cl^- and ss-SO_4^<2->, which most are the sea salt origin, were clearly high. On the other hand, the concentrations of NH_4^+, NO_3^-, nss-SO_4^<2-> in snow period, which are the non-sea salt origin, were high tendency compared with that in rain period. Therefore, it was estimated that increase of ion concentration in snow period was caused by two (or more) compound factors. Ion concentrations of Na^+, K^+, Ca^<2+>, Mg^<2+>, Cl^-, ss-SO_4^<2-> were high tendency at the five comparison observation sites (Wajima, Happou-one, Tateyama, Inuyama, Nagoya), too. However, the concentration ratio of snow period ageinst rain period about Na^+, K^+, Ca^<2+>, Mg^<2+>, Cl^-, ss-SO_4^<2-> in Ontake was not so high as that in Wajima, Happou-one and Tateyama in the Japan Sea side, was almost the same as that in Inuyama and Nagoya in the Paciffic Ocean side. On the other hand, the concentration ratio of snow period against rain period about NH_4^+, NO_3^-, nss-SO_4^<2-> were high in Ontake, the similar tendency was seen in Wajima and Happou-one in the Japan Sea side. This phenomenon that was observed in Ontake was similar to the phenomenon observed by Fujita et al. that the ion concentrations of nss-Ca^<2+>, NH_4^+, NO_3^- and nss-SO_4^<2-> were high in the periods from Oct. to Mar. from 1987 to 1996 in west Japan areas.
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  • Ryunosuke Tateno, Sachie Morozumi, Hiroshi Takeda
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 29-33
    Published: June 25, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Leaf area losses caused by folivorous insects were studied for the 13 dominant tree species growing in a wide range of soil habitat conditions (from mesic to xeric) in a natural cool temperate forest in Japan. We investigated the relationship between leaf properties and leaf area loss. The mean leaf area loss of the 13 tree species ranged from 1.9 to 6.8% with a mean of 3.9%. Mesic species had higher leaf nitrogen (N) concentrations than xeric species; however, total phenolics and specific leaf area were not correlated with soil habitat conditions. Of the leaf properties studied, only leaf N concentration was positively correlated with leaf area loss. Our results agree with previous studies, and suggest that species adapted to nuturient-rich environments are more susceptible to folivorous insects than those adapted to nutrient-poor environments.
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  • Takahiro Ichikawa, Terumasa Takahashi, Yoshito Asano
    Article type: Article
    2003 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 35-42
    Published: June 25, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to clarify the effects of the conversion of the forest management type from a natural deciduous broad-leaved forests (broad-leaved forests) to an artificial Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) and Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) forests (coniferous forests) on soil fertility, we investigated the amounts and nutrient contents of the litterfall, and the amounts of dissolved elements in the precipitation, throughfall and percolated water through 0, 5, 25, and 50cm depths of the soil in each forest. In this study, comparisons of the results were made between the broad-leaved forests and coniferous forests. The soil carbon content and the amount of annual litterfall in the cypress forest were about 0.6 and 0.9 times lower than those in the broad-leaved forest on the upper slope, respectively. Therefore, it is considered that organic matter in the cypress forest soil had been easily mineralized and had been difficult to accumulate relative to that in the broad-leaved forest on the upper slope. On the other hand, the soil carbon content and the amount of annual litterfall in the cedar forest were about 1.0 and 0.8 times lower than those in the broad-leaved forest on the lower slope, respectively. Therefore, it is considered that organic matter in the cedar forest soil had been mineralized with difficulty which provided a rapid accumulation relative to that in the broad-leaved forest on the lower slope. The amount of K^+ in the percolated water through the forest floor in the cypress forest was about 0.4 times lower than that in the broad-leaved forest on the upper slope. The amount of Ca^<2+> in the percolated water through the forest floor in the cedar forest was about 2.1times higher than that in the broad-leaved forest on the lower slope. The soil exchangeable potassium at a 0-10cm depth and the soil exchangeable calcium at a 0-30cm depth were significantly correlated with the amounts of potassium and calcium ions dissolved in the water that reached the soil. The amounts of potassium and calcium ions dissolved in the water-reached soil influenced the soil exchangeable base contents.
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  • Kohei Fujimoto
    Article type: Record
    2003 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 43-46
    Published: June 25, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: April 03, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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