遺伝学雑誌
Online ISSN : 1880-5787
Print ISSN : 0021-504X
ISSN-L : 0021-504X
28 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • A PRELIMINARY NOTE
    HIKOICHI OKA, T. T. CHANG, M. S. HONG
    1953 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 87-91
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2007/11/30
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 第4報 野生大麦に関する研究
    生沼 巴
    1953 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 92-104
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2007/11/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    1) 野生大麦12品種について細胞学的に研究をおこない, 染色体数, その形. 減数分裂における対合の有様を明かにし, 核型の系統も論じた。
    2) Hordeum agricrithon の核型を明かにし, これを a1a1 (又はa1) 型とし, 大麦における核型分析の基準とした。
    3) 本研究で明かになつた核型は次の如くである。
    次表中a1は長腕端部に第二次狭窄をもち, a2はこれをかき, asはこれが深部にある。これらの核型の進化を a1a1→a2a2→a3a3 の如く考える。
    4) 四倍性野生大麦は, 核型では同質倍数性と同様な染色体をもつも, 減数分裂における四価染色体の出現は極めて少く, 染色体の倍加後において, 二倍種的ゲノムの要素をもつに到つたと考える。
    5) 野生大麦における核型が明かになつたことは, 栽培大麦の核型研究に重大な役割を果すものと思う。
  • 藤井 太朗
    1953 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 105-109
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2007/11/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Sister plants of a twin set, with the same chromosome numbers, are in general morphologically identical. In the F2 of a hybrid between Sears' Nulli-VII (20II), and Matsumura's a-gigas (1IV+19II) a pair of twin plants was obtained. Both had 41 chromosomes, but one of them was awnless and the other tip-awned. In the selfed F3- and F4-progenies of both plants appeared many normal plants with 21II and 20II+1I, besides a few dwarfs with the sterile chromosome combination of 20II. The offspring of the awnless twin were all awnless. The tip-awned twin showed a relatively lower fertility and a lower percentage of heading. Its progeny segregated with regard to awned according to the monohybrid ratio, 1 awnless: 2 tip-awned: 1 awned, independently of chromosome numbers. This shows that the tip-awned twin must have been heterozygous.
    The origin of these twins can be explained in three ways:
    1) One fertilized egg (awnless homozygote) was divided into two embryos in an early stage and a minute deficiency including the gene for awnless occurred simultaneously.
    2) The egg cell and one synergid were both fertilized, one by a sperm nucleus, the other by the vegetative nucleus. One of these female and male nuclei had a minute deficiency including the gene for awnless which occurred at mitosis in the embryosac or the pollen grain, while the others had this gene.
    3) The egg cell and one synergid were fertilized by 2 pollen grains, one with the gene for awnless and the other with a minute deficiency involving this gene.
    The first hypothesis seems to be more probable than the second and the third.
  • 田中 隆荘
    1953 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 110-115
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2007/11/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    高等植物の自然倍数体に関して報告された13属の例と, 人為倍数体に関して報告された31属の例とを資料として, 自然倍数体と人為倍数体との気孔長の増大率がどのように相異しているかを研究し次の結果を得た。
    1. 自然同質倍数体の気孔長は人為同質倍数体のそれよりも三倍体において14%, 四倍体において18%, 六倍体において35%, 八倍体において22%小さい。又自然異質倍数体の気孔長は人為異質倍数体のそれよりも四倍体において18%, 六倍体において29%小さい。同じ傾向は自然倍数体と人為倍数体とがゲノム構造において類似している場合においても見出された。このことから自然倍数体の細胞容積は人為倍数体のそれよりも小さいことが推定される。
    2. 自然倍数体においては細胞容積の増大率は核量の増大率と同じか又はそれより低いが, 人為倍数体においては細胞容積の増大率は核量の増大率よりはるかに高い。
  • 滝川 晃一
    1953 年 28 巻 3 号 p. 116-125
    発行日: 1953年
    公開日: 2007/11/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The author examined one male patient born in 1895 who has been suffering from progressive bulbar paralysis since 10 years: he also found in the proband's male relatives 2 more cases with typical symptomes of this disease and 3 individuals with only finger tremor. The one patient found in the relatives of the proband was born in 1903 and the other in 1881. In these 2 cases the desease began with finger tremor in the age of about 40. Since the finger tremor is considered as an early sign of this disorder, the author thinks that the above-mentioned 3 individuals with only fingertremor may belong to either the patients in an early stage of the disorder or those of fruste form.
    All the above-mentioned 3 typical and 3 related cases show homochronous heredity and homotypy and neither immediate occasions nor external causes are evident concerning their manifestation.
    They manifest in sex-linked recessive inheritance as distinctly seen in their pedigree. The inheritance of this disorder is regarded as recessive by some authors (Lovell, Saller) and as dominant by others (Gates etc.).
    On the other side it is generally believed that amyotropyic lateral sclerosis and spinal progressive muscle atrophy are related to progressive bulbar paralysis, and no pedigree has been known in these disorders which manifests in sex-linked recessive inheritance.
    The pedigree here reported will be the first instance in which the sex-linked recessive inheritance is evidenced.
feedback
Top